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SHANGRU LIU was born in in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China in 1996. He received the B.S. degree in transportation engineering from Chang’an University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China, in 2019. He is currently a postgraduate student at Chang’an University, Xi’an. His research focuses on road engineering and traffic safety.
As an unconventional design to alleviate the conflict between left-turn and through vehicles, Continuous Flow Intersection (CFI) has obvious advantages in improving the sustainability of roadway. So far, the design manuals and guidelines for CFI are not enough sufficient, especially for the displaced left-turn lane length of CFI. And the results of existing research studies are not operational, making it difficult to put CFI into application. To address this issue, this paper presents a methodological procedure for determination and evaluation of displaced left-turn lane length based on the entropy method considering multiple performance measures for sustainable transportation, including traffic efficiency index, environment effect index and fuel consumption. VISSIM and the surrogate safety assessment model (SSAM) were used to simulate the operational and safety performance of CFI. The multi-attribute decision-making method (MADM) based on an entropy method was adopted to determine the suitability of the CFI schemes under different traffic demand patterns. Finally, the procedure was applied to a typical congested intersection of the arterial road with heavy traffic volume and high left-turn ratio in Xi’an, China, the results showed the methodological procedure is reasonable and practical. According to the results, for the studied intersection, when the Volume-to-Capacity ratio (V/C) in the westbound and eastbound lanes is less than 0.5, the length of the displaced left-turn lanes can be selected in the range of 80 to 170 m. Otherwise, other solutions should be considered to improve the traffic efficiency. The simulation results of the case showed CFI can significantly improve the traffic efficiency. In the best case, compared with the conventional intersection, the number of vehicles increases by 13%, delay, travel time, number of stops, CO emission, and fuel consumption decrease by 41%, 29%, 25%, 17%, and 17%, respectively.
BingHong Pan; Shasha Luo; Jinfeng Ying; Yang Shao; Shangru Liu; Xiang Li; Jiaqi Lei. Evaluation and Analysis of CFI Schemes with Different Length of Displaced Left-Turn Lanes with Entropy Method. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6917 .
AMA StyleBingHong Pan, Shasha Luo, Jinfeng Ying, Yang Shao, Shangru Liu, Xiang Li, Jiaqi Lei. Evaluation and Analysis of CFI Schemes with Different Length of Displaced Left-Turn Lanes with Entropy Method. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (12):6917.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBingHong Pan; Shasha Luo; Jinfeng Ying; Yang Shao; Shangru Liu; Xiang Li; Jiaqi Lei. 2021. "Evaluation and Analysis of CFI Schemes with Different Length of Displaced Left-Turn Lanes with Entropy Method." Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6917.
Conventional four-legged intersections are inefficient under heavy traffic requirements and are prone to congestion problems. Unconventional intersections with innovative designs allow for more efficient traffic operations and can increase the capacity of the intersection, in some cases. Common unconventional designs for four-legged intersections include the upstream signalized crossover intersection (USC), continuous flow intersection (CFI), and parallel flow intersection (PFI). At present, an increasing number of cities are using such unconventional designs to improve the performance of their intersections. In the reconstruction of original intersections or the design of new intersections, the question of how to more reasonably select the form of unconventional intersection becomes particularly critical. Therefore, we selected a typical intersection in Xi’an for optimization and investigated traffic data for this intersection. The traffic operations, with respect to the four solutions of a conventional intersection, USC, CFI, and PFI, were evaluated using the VISSIM software. Then, we evaluated the suitability of each solution under different situations using the CRITIC (CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) method, which is a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method that enables a more comprehensive and integrated evaluation of the four solutions by taking into account the comparative intensities and conflicting character among the indices. The results show that the conventional intersection is only applicable to the case of very low traffic volume; PFI has the advantage in the case of moderate and high traffic volume; CFI performs better in the case of high traffic volume; and USC is generally inferior to CFI and PFI, although it has greater improvement, compared with the conventional solution, in a few cases.
BingHong Pan; Shangru Liu; Zhenjiang Xie; Yang Shao; Xiang Li; Ruicheng Ge. Evaluating Operational Features of Three Unconventional Intersections under Heavy Traffic Based on CRITIC Method. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4098 .
AMA StyleBingHong Pan, Shangru Liu, Zhenjiang Xie, Yang Shao, Xiang Li, Ruicheng Ge. Evaluating Operational Features of Three Unconventional Intersections under Heavy Traffic Based on CRITIC Method. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4098.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBingHong Pan; Shangru Liu; Zhenjiang Xie; Yang Shao; Xiang Li; Ruicheng Ge. 2021. "Evaluating Operational Features of Three Unconventional Intersections under Heavy Traffic Based on CRITIC Method." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4098.
The interchange diverging area is a bottleneck section of the freeway. If the capacity of a two-lane exit cannot meet the traffic demand, it will lead to a reduction in the overall operational efficiency of the freeway. To fundamentally improve the capacity of the diverging area, designers have considered expanding the two-lane exit to a three-lane exit. However, the existing Chinese design specifications do not include a design for a three-lane exit, and the method of increasing the number of ramp lanes by setting up auxiliary lanes according to traditional design concepts leads to the mainline widening section being too long, thus increasing the construction land use and project cost. Therefore, this paper proposes an innovative three-lane exit design based on a specific two-lane exit at an interchange in Xi’an. According to the different traffic organization methods, three microscopic simulation models of diverging areas were constructed by using VISSIM. The entropy method was used to objectively calculate the weights of the four selected evaluation indexes, and a comprehensive evaluation and applicability analysis of the current situation and the three-lane exit design schemes were conducted. The results show that the optimal combination of the schemes calculated by the entropy method increases the traffic volume by up to 40% and reduces delays by 50-88%.
BingHong Pan; Zhenjiang Xie; Shangru Liu; Yang Shao; Junjie Cai. Evaluating Designs of a Three-Lane Exit Ramp Based on the Entropy Method. IEEE Access 2021, 9, 53436 -53451.
AMA StyleBingHong Pan, Zhenjiang Xie, Shangru Liu, Yang Shao, Junjie Cai. Evaluating Designs of a Three-Lane Exit Ramp Based on the Entropy Method. IEEE Access. 2021; 9 (99):53436-53451.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBingHong Pan; Zhenjiang Xie; Shangru Liu; Yang Shao; Junjie Cai. 2021. "Evaluating Designs of a Three-Lane Exit Ramp Based on the Entropy Method." IEEE Access 9, no. 99: 53436-53451.
The impact of work zones on traffic is a common problem encountered in traffic management. The reconstruction of roads is inevitable, and it is necessary and urgent to reduce the impact of the work zone on the operation of traffic. There are many existing research results on the influence of highway work zones, including management strategies, traffic flow control strategies, and various corresponding model theories. There are also many research results on the impacts of urban road and subway construction on traffic operation, including construction efficiency, economic impact, and travel matrix. However, there are few studies concerning the choice of work zone location, and most previous studies have assumed that the work zone choice was scientific and reasonable. Therefore, it is reasonable to choose the location of the work zone and to assess whether there is room for improvement in the road form of the work zone, but this remains a research gap. Therefore, we studied a seven-lane main road T-intersection in Xi’an, China, and investigated a work zone located at this intersection that caused a road offset, leading to the non-aligned flow of main traffic. We designed two road improvement schemes and multiple transition schemes, used VISSIM software to evaluate the traffic operation of the two schemes, and used the entropy method to choose the suitability of the two schemes under different conditions. According to the results, in the best case, the driving time, delay, and number of stops are reduced by 44%, 66%, and 92%.
Yang Shao; Zhongbin Luo; Huan Wu; Xueyan Han; BingHong Pan; Shangru Liu; Christian Claudel. Evaluation of Two Improved Schemes at Non-Aligned Intersections Affected by a Work Zone with an Entropy Method. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5494 .
AMA StyleYang Shao, Zhongbin Luo, Huan Wu, Xueyan Han, BingHong Pan, Shangru Liu, Christian Claudel. Evaluation of Two Improved Schemes at Non-Aligned Intersections Affected by a Work Zone with an Entropy Method. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5494.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang Shao; Zhongbin Luo; Huan Wu; Xueyan Han; BingHong Pan; Shangru Liu; Christian Claudel. 2020. "Evaluation of Two Improved Schemes at Non-Aligned Intersections Affected by a Work Zone with an Entropy Method." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5494.