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Alexandra Galende
Department of Geography, History and Humanities, University of Almeria, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almeria, Spain

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Short Biography

2. Alexandra Ainz-Galende, Sociology PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the area of Sociology at the University of Almeria. She belongs to the research group SEJ419, Section of Sociology, University of Almeria (http://www.ual.es/sociologia) and collaborates with the Center for the Study of Migration and Intercultural Relations (CEMyRI, http://cemyri.es/). Her main lines of research are migration, fundamentalism, fundamentalist terrorism, and radicalization processes, especially in women. Among her latest contributions are the book “Terrorismos fundamentalistas: medievo armado a través de la web 2.0” (2020); “The Demands of Niqabi Women in the Telegram Subaltern Corner Orgullo Niqabi” in Social Inclusion (2020) doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v8i3.3033

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Journal article
Published: 04 August 2021 in Social Sciences
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With the aim of understanding the recent migration processes of young Spaniards settled in Chile, the present paper analyzes, on the one hand, how these young people experience their arrival and establishment in said Latin American country and, in the other hand, how the process of returning and readjusting to Spanish society takes place. For that, and following the procedures of the Grounded Theory, the discourses of 37 Spanish migrants obtained through in depth interviews were analyzed: 22 of them are living in Chile and the other 15 returned to Spain after spending a long period in Chilean society and have been living in Spain for at least one year since then. All of them have university degrees, are between 25 and 35 years old, and arrived in Chile between 2013 and 2018. This qualitative study shows the way in which these migrants experience their sociocultural integration in Chilean society, which could be typified as “nostalgic” since it is characterized by the idealization of and the longing for their society of origin. Another key characteristic is the eventual return to the country of origin, in which the desynchronization they experience is especially remarkable: after a long period abroad, they feel disconnected from the transformations that have taken place in their original environment, which leads them to experience a difficult process of readjustment to Spanish society that sometimes is even more complex than that experienced abroad.

ACS Style

Rubén Puertas; Alexandra Galende. Our Life Is Not Here: Migration and Return of Young Spaniards Living in Chile. Social Sciences 2021, 10, 293 .

AMA Style

Rubén Puertas, Alexandra Galende. Our Life Is Not Here: Migration and Return of Young Spaniards Living in Chile. Social Sciences. 2021; 10 (8):293.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rubén Puertas; Alexandra Galende. 2021. "Our Life Is Not Here: Migration and Return of Young Spaniards Living in Chile." Social Sciences 10, no. 8: 293.

Journal article
Published: 25 April 2021 in Societies
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Currently, niqabi women are more and more visible, even in traditionally non-Muslim societies. However, there is a deep ignorance with regard to their worldview in general and about them in particular. The aim of this paper, which is based on a research carried out using the Grounded Theory, is to give answer to three fundamental questions: did niqabi women belonging to the Telegram channel Orgullo niqabi choose to become niqabis after experiencing some kind of crisis or existential unease? Has the grouping of these women in said channel contributed to the polarization of their posture on the niqab in some way? Additionally, if that is the case, has said polarization fueled or given rise to some ideology in particular? One of our conclusions, after conducting 27 in-depth interviews, is that most of these women opted for being niqabi and Muslim in response to the existential unease they experienced, which somehow kept them searching for some meaning in their lives. Another interesting aspect we have observed is that these women have reinforced their posture on the niqab, polarizing their perception in a fundamentalist way. Additionally, our third conclusion is that these women are cyber-fundamentalists, given that, besides the reactionary nature of their ideology, they construct it in a modern way.

ACS Style

Alexandra Ainz-Galende; Antonia Lozano-Díaz; Juan Fernández-Prados. I Am Niqabi: From Existential Unease to Cyber-Fundamentalism. Societies 2021, 11, 40 .

AMA Style

Alexandra Ainz-Galende, Antonia Lozano-Díaz, Juan Fernández-Prados. I Am Niqabi: From Existential Unease to Cyber-Fundamentalism. Societies. 2021; 11 (2):40.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandra Ainz-Galende; Antonia Lozano-Díaz; Juan Fernández-Prados. 2021. "I Am Niqabi: From Existential Unease to Cyber-Fundamentalism." Societies 11, no. 2: 40.

Review
Published: 06 March 2021 in Informatics
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This paper aims at showing a state of the art about digital citizenship from the methodological point of view when it comes to measuring this construct. The review of the scientific literature offers at least ten definitions and nine different scales of measurement. The comparative and diachronic analysis of the content of the definitions shows us two conceptions of digital citizenship, some more focused on digital competences and others on critical and activist aspects. This paper replicates and compares three scales of measurement of digital citizenship selected for their relevance and administered in a sample of 366 university students, to analyze their psychometric properties and the existing coincidences and divergences between the three. The most outstanding conclusion is that not all of them seem to measure the same construct, due to its diversity of dimensions. An online activism dimension needs to be incorporated if digital citizenship is to be measured. There is an urgent need to agree internationally on a definition of digital citizenship with its corresponding dimensions to elaborate a reliable and valid measuring instrument.

ACS Style

Juan Fernández-Prados; Antonia Lozano-Díaz; Alexandra Ainz-Galende. Measuring Digital Citizenship: A Comparative Analysis. Informatics 2021, 8, 18 .

AMA Style

Juan Fernández-Prados, Antonia Lozano-Díaz, Alexandra Ainz-Galende. Measuring Digital Citizenship: A Comparative Analysis. Informatics. 2021; 8 (1):18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Juan Fernández-Prados; Antonia Lozano-Díaz; Alexandra Ainz-Galende. 2021. "Measuring Digital Citizenship: A Comparative Analysis." Informatics 8, no. 1: 18.