The relationship between wear resistance and filler size or filler loading was clarified for the universal resin composite; however, their relationship in flowable resin composites has not been clarified.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate pulpal healing and reparative dentin formation after 14 and 28 days in exposed rat pulp directly capped with an experimentally developed all-in-one adhesive containing surface reaction-type pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler. The four experimental groups and the control group were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Steel-Dwass post-hoc test to compare the histopathological score. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the histopathological score at 14 and 28 days for each observation item. All experimental adhesives containing S-PRG fillers developed for direct pulp capping showed no pulpal inflammation After 14 days, the experimental adhesives containing S-PRG fillers and the control group formed tertiary dentin around the exposed pulp. After 28 days, the experimental adhesives containing 13 and 27 wt% of S-PRG fillers formed dentin bridge equal to the control.

This study evaluated the effect of air-blowing variables on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of two all-in-one adhesives. A bonding agent was applied to the flat dentin surface of extracted bovine teeth, and the surface left undisturbed for 20 seconds. Gentle or intensive air-blowing was applied for five seconds, and the adhesive photopolymerized for 10 seconds. Resin composite paste was placed and cured after each bonding treatment. Specimens were subjected to μTBS test with a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/ min. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. When Clearfil tri-S Bond was bonded to dentin, the μTBS value of specimens applied with intensive air-blowing was significantly higher than that applied with gentle air-blowing (p<0.01). On the other hand, with Fluoro Bond Shake One, the μTBS value of specimens applied with intensive air-blowing was significantly lower than that applied with gentle air-blowing (p<0.01).