In the exploration of perovskite materials devoid of lead and appropriate for capturing solar energy, a recent finding has surfaced concerning Cs₂ZrCl₆.

The transport of complex rheological fluids in physiological ducts is often facilitated by the dynamic phenomenon of peristalsis. Additionally, peristaltic transport assisted by cilia plays a significant role in various natural processes such as respiration, circulation, locomotion, and reproduction. This study focuses on magnetically induced flow bounded by non-uniform curved walls, motivated by the importance of peristalsis and micro-organism motility. To characterize the complex rheology of the fluid liner, a viscoelastic model described by the constitutive equation of Jeffrey's fluid is employed. The flow problem is mathematically formulated using curvilinear coordinates. Subsequently, linear transformations and scaling factors are applied to convert the equations into dimensionless form, while considering biotic restrictions such as creeping transport and long wavelength to reduce dependent variables. By utilizing the stream function and cross-differentiation, a fourth-order equation is obtained and numerically approximated using the shooting method. The effects of various parameters on the flow are illustrated through graphs, and a physical interpretation of the graphical results is provided. It is observed that ciliated walls of the channel enhance the velocity and pumping, while trapping phenomena are more pronounced in a non-uniform channel compared to a uniform channel.

An in-depth analysis of NaCdP₃O₉ was performed, exploring its structural framework, vibrational dynamics, optical absorption, and electrical behavior.

The significance of nanofluid research in nanotechnology, pharmaceutical, drug delivery, food preparation, and chemotherapy employing single- and two-phase nanofluid models has drawn the attention of researchers. The Tiwari–Das model does not capture the diffusion and random movement of nanoparticles (NPs) when they are injected into complex functional fluids. In order to fix the peculiar behavior of NPs, more complex models like the Buongiorno model are coupled with the single-phase model. To examine the heat-mass transfer attributes of nanofluids, a single- and two-phase mixture model is coupled for the first time. The effect of hybrid NPs on the hemodynamic properties of the blood flow through a stretched surface with interface slip in the neighborhood of the stagnation point is examined. Due to their significance in medicinal uses and nominal toxicity, blood is loaded with zinc–iron ( ZnO − F e 2 O 3 ) NPs. However, blood is speculated to have the hematocrit viscosity of the Powell–Eyring fluid. The single-phase model predicts an improvement in heat transport due to an increased volumetric friction of NPs, while the two-phase models provide closer estimates of heat-mass transfer due to Brownian and thermophoretic phenomena. Entropy evaluation predicts the details of irreversibility. The mathematical structures are effectively solved with a Runge–Kutta fourth-order algorithm along with a shooting mechanism. The Eyring–Powell parameters decrease the drag coefficient and mass/thermal transport rate. A higher estimation of the slip, material, and magnetic parameters decreases the flow behavior. The Bejan number increases with the diffusion parameter and decreases as the magnetic and Brinkman numbers increase. The effect of iron oxide ( F e 2 O 3 ) is observed to be dominant.

We evaluate the steady Jaffrey-Hamel flow of a viscoelastic fluid using Oldroyd-B model in a deformable channel formed by two intersecting plates. To be more precise, we offer a mathematical structure for computing the leading-order impacts of the fluid viscoelasticity on the flow in the setting of relaxation and temporal retardation interactions between the fixed walls of the channel. The typical dimensionless variables influencing the interaction of fluid and structure in both wider (divergent) and narrower (convergent) channels are primarily identified. The flow originates from a source located at the apex, travel from convergent to divergent zone, and exist at the outlet to the reservoir. Only radial component of velocity contributes to the fluid velocity while the azimuthal component is zero. The fluid attributes are independent of hydraulic pressure and temperature. We highlight the respective contributions of various components of momentum equation coupled with pressure gradient along the radial and tangential direction. The pressure gradient is omitted, since gradients of viscoelastic shear stresses predominantly cause the contribution for narrower/expanding geometries. We further demonstrate that, although the pressure is minimal along the midline line for narrow geometries, viscoelastic stresses are equal to or greater than shear stresses across the domain. Applying the principle of momentum and mass conservations in a cylindrical polar framework, the system of governing equations are constructed. The computer based MATLAB code (bvp4c tool) is used to numerically solve the consequent set of modelled equations. The results pertaining to a Navier-Stokes fluid, and a Maxwell fluid exist as limiting instances of our formulations. Effect of inertial forces $\left(20\le Re\le 140\right)$ and channel opening have similar effects on converging and diverging section of the channel. A higher strain delaying time and a shorter stress relaxation phase produce an improved velocity profile, but both viscoelastic times have the opposite effect.