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Yaqiu Liu
College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China

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Journal article
Published: 29 June 2021 in Sustainability
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The establishment of a comprehensive framework to identify village development types is crucial to formulate plans for rural development and promote rural revitalization. This study proposed a natural–socioeconomic framework to identify the types of villages based on field survey, statistical data, and multi-source remote sensing images. The framework was constructed by combining the two-dimensional natural suitability/restriction evaluation and the four-dimensional socioeconomic development level evaluation. Then, the modified multiplication-weighted summation method and the coupling coordination degree algorithm were employed to identify the villages’ development types. A total of 774 villages of the Laiyang County, eastern China were used as the study areas to examine the framework. The results demonstrated the following. (1) There were 243,318 and 151 villages with high, moderate, low natural suitability, and 62 villages with natural restrictions; and 158,366 and 250 villages with high, moderate, and low economic development level, respectively. The distribution characteristic of natural evaluation was “high in the southwest and low in the northeast”, and the socioeconomic development level was generally centered on the urban area, which presented a “high–medium–low” circle-layer distribution structure. (2) There were 247 villages with high-level coupling coordination, 464 villages with intermediate coupling coordination, 1 village with low-level coupling coordination, and 62 villages with disordered coupling. (3) Based on the coupling coordination evaluation results, villages in the study area were grouped into five types: urbanization development (31%), construction development (16%), agglomeration linkage development (27%), decrease and improvement development (18%), and relocation and integration development (8%). The framework of villages’ development types identification established in this study can enrich the theory of rural geography, and the applied research results can provide a basis for rural revitalization and development planning.

ACS Style

Yaqiu Liu; Jian Liu; Can Guo; Tingting Zhang; Ailing Wang; Xinyang Yu. Identification of Villages’ Development Types Using a Comprehensive Natural–Socioeconomic Framework. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7294 .

AMA Style

Yaqiu Liu, Jian Liu, Can Guo, Tingting Zhang, Ailing Wang, Xinyang Yu. Identification of Villages’ Development Types Using a Comprehensive Natural–Socioeconomic Framework. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7294.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yaqiu Liu; Jian Liu; Can Guo; Tingting Zhang; Ailing Wang; Xinyang Yu. 2021. "Identification of Villages’ Development Types Using a Comprehensive Natural–Socioeconomic Framework." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7294.

Article
Published: 15 September 2020 in Journal of Mountain Science
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China is implementing the strategy of Rural Revitalization. Revitalizing idle and inefficient utilization courtyards is an important measure for rural revitalization. The evaluation of courtyard utilization efficiency is the basis of determining the idle and inefficient utilization courtyards in order to revitalizing it. This study provided a reference for the optimal use of rural courtyard utilization and revitalization through the quantitative comprehensive evaluation of courtyard utilization efficiency and the classification of courtyard utilization types. Taking Shandong Province in Eastern China as study area, we selected eight surveyed villages by stratified sampling method. According to the scale of the villages, full survey and sample survey were used, while middle-aged men who familiar with the courtyards were selected as the respondents. Through a household questionnaire survey and face-to-face interviews from 2017 to 2018, 578 questionnaires of rural courtyards in eight villages were obtained. Then based on the functions of rural courtyard and land resource conditions, 16 comprehensive factors were formulated, involving land conditions, construction conditions and economic benefits, to build the comprehensive evaluation index system of rural courtyard utilization efficiency. Next the index weight was determined by analytic hierarchy process, and the linear weighted regression model was used to evaluate the utilization efficiency of rural courtyard. Finally, the K-means clustering analysis was used to classify the utilization efficiency of courtyards. The results showed that among the eight villages, the average utilization efficiency of courtyards was moderate (one village was low, five were moderate, and two were high). The proportions of both idle and inefficiently utilized courtyards were high. There were three vital factors leading to the idle and low efficiency of rural courtyards. They were declining rural industries, limited arable land per capita, and more farmer workers. In this case, the utilization efficiency of courtyards should be improved by transferring rural land, developing secondary and tertiary industries, evaluating the development potential of villages, classifying and optimizing courtyard utilization, so as to make full use of idle and inefficient courtyards, increase the income of farmers and collectives and promote the revitalization of rural areas.

ACS Style

Ya-Qiu Liu; Ai-Ling Wang; Jie Hou; Xin-Yu Chen; Jin-Shan Xia. Comprehensive evaluation of rural courtyard utilization efficiency: A case study in Shandong Province, Eastern China. Journal of Mountain Science 2020, 17, 2280 -2295.

AMA Style

Ya-Qiu Liu, Ai-Ling Wang, Jie Hou, Xin-Yu Chen, Jin-Shan Xia. Comprehensive evaluation of rural courtyard utilization efficiency: A case study in Shandong Province, Eastern China. Journal of Mountain Science. 2020; 17 (9):2280-2295.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ya-Qiu Liu; Ai-Ling Wang; Jie Hou; Xin-Yu Chen; Jin-Shan Xia. 2020. "Comprehensive evaluation of rural courtyard utilization efficiency: A case study in Shandong Province, Eastern China." Journal of Mountain Science 17, no. 9: 2280-2295.