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Increasing accessibility and balancing its distribution across space and social groups are two fundamental goals to make transport more sustainable and equitable. In the next decades, autonomous vehicles (AVs) could significantly transform the transport system, influencing accessibility and transport equity. In particular, depending on the assumed features of AVs (e.g., private or collective) and the considered spatial, social, and regulative context (e.g., rural or urban areas), impacts may be very different. Nevertheless, research in this field is still limited, and the relationship between AV assumptions and accessibility impacts is still partially unclear. This paper aims to provide a framework of the key and emerging aspects related to the implications of AVs for accessibility and transport equity. To set this framework, we perform an analysis of the scientific literature based on a conceptual model describing the implications of AVs for the distribution of accessibility across space and social groups. We recognize four main expected impacts of AVs on accessibility: (1) accessibility polarization, (2) accessibility sprawl, (3) exacerbation of social accessibility inequities, and (4) alleviation of social accessibility inequities. These impacts are described and analyzed in relation to the main AV assumptions expected to trigger them through different mechanisms. Based on the results, some recommendations for future studies intending to focus on the relation between AVs, accessibility, and transport equity are provided.
Alberto Dianin; Elisa Ravazzoli; Georg Hauger. Implications of Autonomous Vehicles for Accessibility and Transport Equity: A Framework Based on Literature. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4448 .
AMA StyleAlberto Dianin, Elisa Ravazzoli, Georg Hauger. Implications of Autonomous Vehicles for Accessibility and Transport Equity: A Framework Based on Literature. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4448.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlberto Dianin; Elisa Ravazzoli; Georg Hauger. 2021. "Implications of Autonomous Vehicles for Accessibility and Transport Equity: A Framework Based on Literature." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4448.
The Alpine area is object of a high environmental and social pressure caused by the tourist mobility. The modal share tends towards the private vehicle, since in most cases public transport (PT) is not competitive and does not constitute a valid alternative. This condition is due to several interrelated issues, which include connectivity, multimodality, lack of reliability in integrated tariffs and information. Furthermore, it is mostly valid at the transnational level, where orographic conditions hamper connectivity and the cooperation between transport providers is particularly complex for technical, legislative and political reasons. This paper focuses on the current condition of PT in the Alps, highlighting the issues related to the aspects previously mentioned and the implications for tourist mobility. Afterwards, the description of some virtuous initiatives that are undertaken (or are planned to be undertaken) at the transnational level shows a potential change in the mobility paradigm. This approach should be the first step of a more comprehensive strategy, aimed at defining a more appealing tourist mobility by PT for the entire Alpine arc.
Federico Cavallaro; Alberto Dianin. Cross-border public transport as a driver for tourism in the Alps. Transportation Research Procedia 2020, 48, 2446 -2461.
AMA StyleFederico Cavallaro, Alberto Dianin. Cross-border public transport as a driver for tourism in the Alps. Transportation Research Procedia. 2020; 48 ():2446-2461.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFederico Cavallaro; Alberto Dianin. 2020. "Cross-border public transport as a driver for tourism in the Alps." Transportation Research Procedia 48, no. : 2446-2461.
Accessibility is a valuable indicator for assessing the effectiveness of a transport network. Nevertheless, its analysis can lead to very heterogeneous results depending on the method adopted, thus still struggling to be considered by policy makers and in planning processes. This article contributes to the development of an accessibility analysis as a planning tool, by proposing an alternative model to estimate the relative accessibility of a destination by public transport (PT). Indeed, PT is a mobility paradigm that has been supported to reduce the negative externalities produced by private transport, especially in environmentally fragile contexts. The model includes a set of eleven factors affecting public transport operation which refer to four macro topics: connectivity, multimodality, tariff/ticketing, and info-mobility. They are integrated into a Public Transport Accessibility index which analyses a series of nodes along a route and detects the progressive variation of accessibility. Eventual shifts are highlighted, including information about the factors feeding them. The model is tested for the Lana-Zurich (IT-CH) connection, showing how the most relevant issues are caused by difficulties in the transnational and transregional integration of the services. Through this process, the model aims at backing policy makers in the detection and understanding of public transport barriers and related causes.
Federico Cavallaro; Alberto Dianin. An innovative model to estimate the accessibility of a destination by public transport. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2020, 80, 102256 .
AMA StyleFederico Cavallaro, Alberto Dianin. An innovative model to estimate the accessibility of a destination by public transport. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2020; 80 ():102256.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFederico Cavallaro; Alberto Dianin. 2020. "An innovative model to estimate the accessibility of a destination by public transport." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 80, no. : 102256.
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Alberto Dianin; Federico Cavallaro. AUTOMATION AND URBAN TRANSPORT PLANNING: POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS AND BEST PRACTICES. The Sustainable City XIII 2019, 1 .
AMA StyleAlberto Dianin, Federico Cavallaro. AUTOMATION AND URBAN TRANSPORT PLANNING: POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS AND BEST PRACTICES. The Sustainable City XIII. 2019; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlberto Dianin; Federico Cavallaro. 2019. "AUTOMATION AND URBAN TRANSPORT PLANNING: POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS AND BEST PRACTICES." The Sustainable City XIII , no. : 1.
Cross-border commuting is a growing phenomenon both in metropolitan and peripheral areas. Its increase is mostly guaranteed by private vehicles, which cause several negative externalities. Among the European macro-areas of cross-border commuting, Central Europe is characterized by relevant flows, which are originated by EU-13 countries and are headed to EU-15 ones. This article first investigates the specificities of transboundary commuting in Central Europe. Thereafter, it analyzes its transport challenges and best practices. Central European specificities are detected through socio-economic, territorial and transport related indicators, which are compared with other commuting areas. A best practice analysis is performed for four thematic fields: connectivity, multimodality, info-mobility tariffs/ticketing, political cooperation. The followed process highlights the rural character of Central European bordering regions, as well as the necessity to address their cross-border challenges by integrating different mobility aspects. In this way, a proper improvement of the quality of cross-border public transport may be an occasion to enforce minor relationships across borders. Further, it may grant a balance with the numerous policies focused on the development of the main centers and corridors.
Federico Cavallaro; Alberto Dianin. Cross-border commuting in Central Europe: features, trends and policies. Transport Policy 2019, 78, 86 -104.
AMA StyleFederico Cavallaro, Alberto Dianin. Cross-border commuting in Central Europe: features, trends and policies. Transport Policy. 2019; 78 ():86-104.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFederico Cavallaro; Alberto Dianin. 2019. "Cross-border commuting in Central Europe: features, trends and policies." Transport Policy 78, no. : 86-104.
Silvio Nocera; Alberto Dianin; Federico Cavallaro. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Transport Planning: Toward a New Era? Advances in Transport Policy and Planning 2018, 245 -280.
AMA StyleSilvio Nocera, Alberto Dianin, Federico Cavallaro. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Transport Planning: Toward a New Era? Advances in Transport Policy and Planning. 2018; ():245-280.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvio Nocera; Alberto Dianin; Federico Cavallaro. 2018. "Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Transport Planning: Toward a New Era?" Advances in Transport Policy and Planning , no. : 245-280.