In article analysed the factors influencing the hydraulic processes which arise in the open horizontal drainage systems. Open drainages plays important role in order to improve the ameliorative condition of the agricultural area, salt washing on the soil. It is emphasized that the deep drainage in our region has a good effect on the soil condition and salt removing. At present, efforts are being made to improve the productivity of the collectors to clean and built. As example the collector drainage systems in Syrdarya region are listed. It is observed that the motion mode of open drainage flows is physically identical. Due to the complexity of equations in the unstable motion mode, the drainage water flow scheme in the collectors reflects the hydraulic calculation of the movement. Researches were provided in open agricultural drainage system of Syrdarya region and analysis have been done in natural field conditions. It has been noted when slope of the drainage bed is equal to i<0,0005 intensity of deformation were very high, when slope was between 0,0005<i<0,0011 intensity of deformation of collector bed was equal to the minimum level. In this article provided hydraulic calculation for Syrdarya region drainage system for choosing dynamical stable shape of bed. Those hydraulic calculations and projections ensure collectors with long time period of exploitation condition. Calculation and analyses were done with taking account trapezoidal capacity of the stream in drainage system, and the results of studies on increasing the flow efficiency are reflected. Analysed that when slope will increase until 20% discharge capacity will increase because of high average flow velocity increased by 7-8 times and discussed difference of them. As a result of the hydraulic calculation, the slope of the drainage increased from i-0,00048 to i-0,0006, the fact that the flow capacity increased by 25% due to the increase because of flow velocity.

Human activities are mainly responsible for the Aral Sea crisis, and excessive farmland expansion and unreasonable irrigation regimes are the main manifestations. The conflicting needs of agricultural water consumption and ecological water demand of the Aral Sea are increasingly prominent. However, the quantitative relationship among the water balance elements in the oasis located in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River Basin and their impact on the retreat of the Aral Sea remain unclear. Therefore, this study focused on the water consumption of the Nukus irrigation area in the delta of the Amu Darya River and analyzed the water balance variations and their impacts on the Aral Sea. The surface energy balance algorithm for land (SEBAL) was employed to retrieve daily and seasonal evapotranspiration (ET) levels from 1992 to 2018, and a water balance equation was established based on the results of a remote sensing evapotranspiration inversion. The results indicated that the actual evapotranspiration (ET_a) simulated by the SEBAL model matched the crop evapotranspiration (ET_c) calculated by the Penman–Monteith method well, and the correlation coefficients between the two ET_a sources were greater than 0.8. The total ET_a levels in the growing seasons decreased from 1992 to 2005 and increased from 2005 to 2015, which is consistent with the changes in the cultivated land area and inflows from the Amu Darya River. In 2000, 2005 and 2010, the groundwater recharge volumes into the Aral Sea during the growing season were 6.74×10⁹ m³, 1.56×10⁹ m³ and 8.40×10⁹ m³; respectively; in the dry year of 2012, regional ET exceeded the river inflow, and 2.36×10⁹ m³ of groundwater was extracted to supplement the shortage of irrigation water. There is a significant two-year lag correlation between the groundwater level and the area of the southern Aral Sea. This study can provide useful information for water resources management in the Aral Sea region.

The article is about the questions study of procedure in waterbed with modern GIS (Geographic Information System) technologies. Data from the Landsat satellite innovation technology was used. Map of Sox River has been created with using satellite data. Existing parameters of waterbed and surface of water in it are analysed. Chart is created that makes link between surface of water and discharge in Sox River. Based on the graphic, deformational processes are analysed. The obtained data were compared with field geodesic studies.

This article deals with the hydraulic transport of river sediments in a cylindrical pipeline. To describe the nature of hydraulic phenomena, experiments were provided for single-phase and two-phase flows in field and laboratory condition. According to the results of the experiments, the main hydraulic parameters of the proposed jet device for hydro transportation of river sediments were determined. Based on the processing of the available data, as well as the data of specially commissioned experiments, the dependencies of flow rates, speed, jet constraining and resistance when the pulp flow from the jet apparatus has expired on the Reynolds number, are valid for certain limits of Reynolds number change. As a result of special experiments, the dependences of local resistance coefficients on the Reynolds number for some practically important cases (when the net flow and pulp from the jet apparatus pipeline have elapsed), valid within certain limits of change of Reynolds numbers, are established. The design parameters of the jet apparatus for the purification of water bodies from river sediments are substantiated, the design formulas for determining the hydraulic parameters of the proposed jet apparatus are proposed. A calculation formula for determining the flow rate of the slurry jet apparatus is proposed. As a result of special experiments, the dependences of the coefficient of hydraulic friction on the Reynolds number for various saturations of flow with a suspension are established. The article offers a new method for determination critical velocity two-phase current, and proposed method is valued with given laboratory condition.

This article reviews the methods for calculating the distribution of river sediments in channels. As a result of the analysis, initial methods for the distribution of sediments on the channels was developed for straight and unstable rivers. A mathematical model that describes the distribution of river sediments during uneven movement in the structures has been developed. The distinctive feature of this model is that the distribution of sediments in the stream depends on the fractions. In the hydraulic structures, a mathematical model of turbulent flow was proposed during the uneven movement and based on this model; a method of calculating sediment distribution was developed in a non-linear motion. Comparative analysis of model of calculation of river sediments in constructions was verified with analysis of natural field conditions. The analysis of the results shows that the difference between the measured values and calculated values is 4-8%.

The article investigates the mechanical and chemical composition of river sediments and analyzes studies on changes in the chemical composition of sediments by changing their mechanical composition. Given scientific investigations about efficient use of chemical compounds in sediments. The connections between mechanical and chemical composition of the sediments are based on correlation coefficients. The results are based on the fact that small fractional sediments less than 0.05 mm can be used effectively in agriculture.