Detecting anomaly of chest X-ray images by advanced technologies, such as deep learning, is an urgent need to improve the work efficiency and diagnosis accuracy. Fine-tuning existing deep learning networks for medical image processing suffers from over-fitting and low transfer efficiency. To overcome such limitations, we design a hierarchical convolutional neural network (CNN) structure for ChestX-ray14 and propose a new network CXNet-m1, which is much shorter, thinner but more powerful than fine-tuning. We also raise a novel loss function sin-loss, which can learn discriminative information from misclassified and indistinguishable images. Besides, we optimize the convolutional kernels of CXNet-m1 to achieve better classification accuracy. The experimental results show that our light model CXNet-m1 with sin-loss function achieves better accuracy rate, recall rate, F1-score, and AUC value. It illustrates that designing a proper CNN is better than fine-tuning deep networks, and the increase of training data is vital to enhance the performance of CNN.

The Internet of Things (IoT) promises huge potential economic benefits. However, current IoT applications are in their infancy and the full potential of possible business opportunities is yet to be discovered. To help realize these economic benefits, workable business models are required that show where opportunities exist. In this article we describe the Business DNA Model - a representation of a business model in terms of Design, Needs, and Aspirations, which greatly simplifies presentation, analysis, and design of business models. This model can be used by IoT stakeholders to generate and analyse stories, models, and projects for strategic management, business strategy, and innovation. We present one scenario - smart logistics - to illustrate how the Business DNA Model might be applied.

Clustering is an unsupervised approach to classify elements based on their similarity, and it is used to find the intrinsic patterns of data. There are enormous applications of clustering in bioinformatics, pattern recognition, and astronomy. This paper presents a clustering approach based on the idea that density wise single or multiple connected regions make a cluster, in which density maxima point represents the center of the corresponding density region. More precisely, our approach firstly finds the local density regions and subsequently merges the density connected regions to form the meaningful clusters. This idea empowers the clustering procedure, in which outliers are automatically detected, higher dense regions are intuitively determined and merged to form clusters of arbitrary shape, and clusters are identified regardless the dimensionality of space in which they are embedded. Extensive experiments are performed on several complex data sets to analyze and compare our approach with the state-of-the-art clustering methods. In addition, we benchmarked the algorithm on gene expression microarray data sets for cancer subtyping; to distinguish normal tissues from tumor; and to classify multiple tissue data sets.