To determine the preferred elements of the benthic plant Myriophyllum verticillatum, changes in the element concentrations in the plant were investigated in laboratory condition. The reactor was fed with synthetically contaminated water consisting of 2 × 10⁻⁶ M of the heavy metals Fe, Cr, Zn, Ni, and Cu for 1060 hours. The elements that were preferentially taken up by the tested plant body were evaluated with respect to translocation factor, bio-concentration factor, and the amounts of partial elements and relative uptakes. Both the changing physical properties of the aqueous solution in the reactor during the experiment and the growth of the plant were tested using a two-sample t-test. The Zn and Cu levels in the combination of the leaves and stems were found to be significantly higher than the levels in the roots at the end of the trial. Based on the partial amount of each element, the affinity of the plant for different elements was found to follow the order of Ca > Fe > Mn. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses of the plant bodies indicated that these elements were located both inside the organs and on the surface of the tissues alone or with microorganisms such as diatoms.

Suspended substances in car washes can often be easily removed by physicochemical processes. The main problem is to remove dissolved substances such as detergents from the water. In this study, a biodegradable substance Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) was removed from the car wash wastewater by the use of Phragmites australis in the subsurface constructed wetland. For this study, 4 plexiglass reactors having an effective volume of 10.8 L with the dimensions of 15cm×45cm×20 cm were used. The experiments were conducted with vegetation which was called SCW and without vegetation which was named control group (CG), as two groups. A serial connection of two reactors was performed for each group. Up to 90% detergent removal was observed with the vegetation in the SCW with a loading rate of 75 L/(m2.d) The effluents quality showed that the treated water can be reused carwash or irrigation for landscaping.

The textile industry produces enormous volumes of wastewater which must be treated effectively. In this study, biosorbent from the agricultural waste of potato peels (PP), which is environmentally friendly and easy to find everywhere, was used for the treatment of real textile wastewater. Physical modification, chemical activation, bio-hybrid and high-pressure modification processes were applied to PP to investigate the organic pollutant removal (chemical oxygen demand (COD)) and inorganic (Fe²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺) from original textile wastewater. Additionally, the effects of contact time (5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 1440 min) and particle sizes (1.5–1.0 mm, 1.0–0.5 mm, and smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter) were investigated in a batch treatment system. Application of the physical modification process to PP presented an attractive solution for COD removal efficiency (69.50%) and removal efficiencies for four divalent metal ions; 78.6% for Cu²⁺, 63.6% for Ni²⁺, 40% for Fe²⁺, and 34.6% for Cd²⁺. FT-IR, SEM, and EDX analysis were performed to reveal the adsorption mechanism of the modified adsorbents. The FT-IR results indicate that the adsorption process fits the chemical and physical removal mechanisms, which were also supported by SEM images and EDX results.