This article aims to review general procedures for sampling of routinely collected as well as on alternative samples that may provide additional information regarding intoxication. These approaches may be applied whenever sample collection for clinical and forensic toxicology is required and should be considered as general guidelines that must be adapted to each specific case. It is expected that this article will help toxicologists and other forensic experts to accomplish their mission, since the toxicological result is first influenced by the quality and quantity of the sample available for analysis. These guidelines were approved by the European Council of Legal Medicine.

Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), named a pandemic by the WHO, is the current global health crisis. National and international collaboration are indispensable for combating COVID-19 and other similar potential outbreaks. International efforts to tackle this complex problem have led to remarkable scientific advances. Yet, as a global society, we can and must take additional measures to fight this pandemic. Undoubtedly, our approach toward COVID-19 was not perfect, and testing has not been deployed fast enough to arrest the epidemic early on. It is critical that we revise our approaches to be more prepared for pandemics as a united body by promoting global cooperation and commitment.