COVID-19 virus spread has resulted in the most dramatic changes for all of us. The purpose of this article is to develop a curriculum and share teaching experience in innovation and entrepreneurship for dental students during the pandemic, in order to help train future dentists. This article made extensive use of the adaptive design thinking model, which included brainstorming, classroom presentation, reflection, and revision. Sixth year dental students from the academic years 2020 and 2021 attended, with 26 and 29 students, respectively. Students of both classes were divided into five groups. Each group was tasked with creating an innovative research proposal related to clinical dental issues encountered during the pandemic. After a 6 h team-based discussion that included a 2-time presentation, all dental students were able to develop an innovation research proposal and present it in front of the class. This study reveals the process of developing dental curricula and sharing teaching experiences in innovation and entrepreneurship with dental students during a pandemic. Future research should compare traditional study, online teaching, and blended learning in innovation-related topics among dental students. The application of this novel method to multidisciplinary student teams as well as clinical subjects is also a challenge.

Purpose: It is now clear that the COVID-19 viruses can be transferred via airborne transmission. The objective of this study was to attempt the design and fabrication of an AMBU ventilator with a negative pressure headbox linked to a negative pressure transporting capsule, which could provide a low-cost construction, flexible usage unit, and also airborne prevention that could be manufactured without a high level of technology.Method: The machine consists of an automated AMBU bag ventilator, a negative pressure headbox, and a transporting capsule. The function and working duration of each component were tested.Results: The two main settings of the ventilator include an active mode that can be set at the time range of 0 s–9 h 59 min 59 s and a resting mode, which could work continuously for 24 h. The blower motor and battery system, which were used to power the ventilator, create negative air pressure within the headbox, and the transporting capsule, could run for at least 2 h without being recharged. The transporting capsule was able to create an air change rate of 21.76 ACH with-10 Pa internal pressure.Conclusion: This automated AMBU ventilator allowed flow rate, rhythm, and volume of oxygen to be set. The hazardous expired air was treated by a HEPA filter. The patient’s transporting capsule is of a compact size and incorporates the air treatment systems. Further development of this machine should focus on how to link seamlessly with imaging technology, to verify standardization, to test using human subjects, and then to be the commercialized.

This article presents the design and fabrication of an air purifier that uses a water-based technique to clean indoor/outdoor transitional air to provide a low-tech air purifier against the annual smog crisis and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The air purifier was designed and built. All tests were conducted in a closed room as well as a semi-outdoor area. Particle sizes of PM0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, and 10 μm (particle/m³) were measured at an air inlet, air outlet, 2 m from an air inlet, and 4 m from an air outlet after 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 min of air treatment, respectively, as well as CO₂ levels and relative humidity (RH). The average airflow rate was also measured. When compare to 0 min, all parameters, except semi-outdoor PM0.3 and CO₂ levels, tend to decrease in both indoor and semi-outdoor conditions. When measure by total airflow specification of a dual ventilation fan, the average airflow rate at an air outlet is reduced by 20 times. Article Highlights: Design and fabrication of a water-based air purifier. A low-tech air purifier helping to protect against the annual smog crisis and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The novel water-based air purifier effectively traps air particles ranging in size from 0.5 to 10 µm.