Background: Neonatal sepsis is a serious condition. Recent clinical studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in the pathogenesis of sepsis, which could be used as biomarkers for this condition. Patients and methods: A total of 90 neonates with sepsis and 90 healthy neonates were enrolled in this study. qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expression levels of serum miR-34a-5p and miR-199a-3p. Results: miR-34a-5p and miR-199a-3p serum levels were significantly reduced in neonates with sepsis compared with those in healthy neonates (P = 0.006 and P = 0.001, respectively). Significant correlations of miR-34a-5p and miR-199a-3p with each of TLC, RDW, RBS, and C-reactive protein (CRP) as well as SNAPII were observed, indicating their associations with the severity of neonatal sepsis. Conclusion: miR-34a-5p and miR-199a-3p may be useful as novel biomarkers in neonatal sepsis and may provide a new direction for its treatment.

Behçet’s disease is a chronic relapsing and remitting autoimmune multisystem inflammatory disease characterised by oral aphthae, genital ulcers, skin lesions, gastrointestinal involvement, arthriti...

Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), one of the most distinct and intricate metabolic diseases, is characterized by the death of pancreatic β-cells, which leads to a lack of insulin secretion and, ultimately, hyperglycemia. The condition is more common in children and adolescents. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are essential to the control of several vital physiological processes. Many diseases have been linked to genetic variations in LncRNAs and miRNAs, though, their significance in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is yet underappreciated. Methods Ninety-two Egyptian children diagnosed with T1DM as well as 92 healthy age- and sex-matched subjects were incorporated in the current research. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to assess rs619586 and rs57095329 in the study subjects. Results The GG and AG genotypes and the G allele of MALAT1 (rs619586) were associated with a significant decrease in the risk of T1DM.Also, the AG and GG genotypes as well as the G allele of miR-146a (rs57095329) were associated with a significant increase in the risk of T1DM (p > 0.05, each). Conclusion For the first time, our investigation had shown the connection between MALAT1 (rs619586) and miRNA-146a (rs57095329) polymorphisms and the risk of development of T1DM in Egyptians.