The validity of infant mortality data is essential in assessing health care quality and in the setting of preventive measures. This study explores different diagnostic procedures used to determine the cause of death across forensic settings and thus the issue of the reduced validity of data. All records from three forensic medical departments that conducted autopsies on children aged 12 months or younger (n = 204) who died during the years 2007–2016 in Moravia were included. Differences in diagnostic procedures were found to be statistically significant. Each department works with a different set of risk factors and places different emphasis on different types of examination. The most significant differences could be observed in sudden infant death syndrome and suffocation diagnosis frequency. The validity of statistical data on the causes of infant mortality is thus significantly reduced. Therefore, the possibilities of public health and social policy interventions toward preventing sudden and unexpected infant death are extraordinarily complicated by this lack of data validity.

Misleading marketing practices and ethically ambiguous persuasion techniques have shaped consumer perceptions of breast-milk substitutes (BMS), despite the well-documented health benefits of breastfeeding. A recent evaluation of BMS producers' marketing activities in the Czech Republic and their compliance with the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes by World Health Organization revealed widespread use of "grey-zone" tactics on social media and in product reviews. Our findings suggest that influencer and nano-influencer marketing and word-of-mouth product testing should be included in monitoring and regulation due to their growing role in peer-to-peer recommendations. Unlike traditional advertising, where commercial intent is clear, digital marketing relies on embedded persuasion, blurring the line between organic consumer recommendations and paid promotions. These tactics contribute to declining breastfeeding rates and raise concerns about transparency, consumer protection, and regulatory oversight. Existing policies, including WHO guidelines, have yet to adapt to the evolving digital marketing landscape, enabling companies to bypass traditional restrictions. To address these challenges, policymakers should establish clear disclosure requirements, stricter penalties for noncompliance, and AI-driven monitoring systems to track undisclosed promotional activities. Strengthening regulatory frameworks is essential to combat misinformation and uphold breastfeeding as the optimal infant feeding method.