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Researcher and lecturer (UVSQ / Université Paris-Saclay) - Dr. Land use planning & Agronomist engineer graduate
The aim of this paper is to provide a framework to improve urban resilience independently of the nature of the disturbances. Recent disasters had a significant impact on critical infrastructures providing essential urban services such as energy, transportation, telecommunication, water and food supply or health care. Indeed, several natural and human-made hazards may lead to disruptions, and most critical infrastructures are networked and highly interdependent. Henceforth, resilience building remain focused on specific hazards or on improving the resilience, separately, of single infrastructures. In order to enhance urban resilience, this paper is based on learnings from three case studies that are the 2001 WTC terrorist attack, hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017 and the 2016 Seine river flood in Paris. These events highlight disruptions to urban services, but also some resilience options. In light of both the literature and our case studies, a framework of unspecific resilience is provided for improving some resilience principles, namely omnivory, redundancy, buffering, high flux, homeostasis and flatness within electric energy, water and food supply and transportation networks. Rebuilding resilience within this framework is further discussed with respect to all kinds of disruptive events.
Nabil Touili. Hazards, Infrastructure Networks and Unspecific Resilience. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4972 .
AMA StyleNabil Touili. Hazards, Infrastructure Networks and Unspecific Resilience. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):4972.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNabil Touili. 2021. "Hazards, Infrastructure Networks and Unspecific Resilience." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4972.
Résumés Français English Face aux risques d’inondation, les approches actuelles associent mesures relevant du génie civil et hydraulique et mesures relevant de la gouvernance. Les mesures de gouvernance sont, souvent, dans un contexte d’adaptation au changement climatique, associées, en théorie, à l’avantage d’être flexibles, révisables chemin faisant. Or, leur déploiement en Gironde, depuis l’évènement Xynthia, et leur association aux mesures, physique de protection, préexistantes soulève certaines interrogations. Perçues autrefois comme des mesures auxiliaires, les mesures de gouvernance dominent, aujourd’hui, les pratiques de gestion des risques d’inondations. Cet article montre que la transition d’une gestion relevant du génie civil vers une combinaison de mesures physique et de gouvernance se fait, pour les acteurs ruraux concernés, au détriment de la flexibilité associée, en théorie, à la gouvernance. Nous analysons la combinaison actuelle entre ces deux types de mesures à la lumière des incertitudes futures liées aux changements climatiques. Flood risk management approaches have shifted toward the combination of both physical, engineered-centred and governance-based mitigation measures. Governance-based measures, previously perceived as a complement to structural measures, appear today prominent and, especially, are playing a dominant role in flood risk management. In the context of climate changes, the use of governance-based mitigation is believed to foster adaptability; governance-based mitigation measures may be changed along the way. However, the transition to governance measures, for the rural stakeholders in the Gironde estuary, raises some issues when it comes to their flexibility while implemented in combination with the existing structural measures. This paper analyses this combination in regard of the uncertainties related to climate changes. Haut de page
Nabil Touili; Jean-Paul Vanderlinden. Flexibilité adaptative et gestion du risque : étude de cas des inondations dans l’estuaire de la Gironde (France). VertigO 2017, 1 .
AMA StyleNabil Touili, Jean-Paul Vanderlinden. Flexibilité adaptative et gestion du risque : étude de cas des inondations dans l’estuaire de la Gironde (France). VertigO. 2017; (Volume 17):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNabil Touili; Jean-Paul Vanderlinden. 2017. "Flexibilité adaptative et gestion du risque : étude de cas des inondations dans l’estuaire de la Gironde (France)." VertigO , no. Volume 17: 1.
Vanderlinden, J.-P.; Baztan, J.; Touili, N.; Kane, I.O.; Rulleau, B.; Diaz Simal, P.; Pietrantoni, L.; Prati, G., and Zagonari, F., 2017. Coastal flooding, uncertainty and climate change: Science as a solution to (mis) perceptions? A qualitative enquiry in three coastal European settings. In: Martinez, M.L.; Taramelli, A., and Silva, R. (eds.), Coastal Resilience: Exploring the Many Challenges from Different Viewpoints. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 77, pp. 127–133. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. This paper contributes to the understanding of the interface between risk perception and climate change risk mitigation in coastal areas. In particular, we analyse the role of science-based knowledge and the so called “knowledge gap” in coastal stakeholders' verbalized perceptions of coastal risk. We use a qualitative approach to analyse of a corpus of 29 interviews conducted in three coastal European settings: Santander Bay (Spain), the Gironde Estuary (France), and Cesenatico (Italy). This analysis of stakeholders' perceptions of flood risk shows: (i) the science-based understanding of flooding as a probabilistic process is not always present and has little impact on the stated perceptions; and (ii) stakeholders and society as a whole frame risk mostly through values and norms. Given these findings, an increase in science-based knowledge within the world of coastal risk governance under climate change would contribute to safer coasts, provided that the production of science-based knowledge takes into account stakeholder values through a proactive dialogue with stakeholders.
Jean-Paul Vanderlinden; Juan Baztan; Nabil Touili; Idrissa Oumar Kane; Bénédicte Rulleau; Pedro Diaz Simal; Luca Pietrantoni; Gabrielle Prati; Fabio Zagonari. Coastal Flooding, Uncertainty and Climate Change: Science as a Solution to (mis) Perceptions? A Qualitative Enquiry in Three Coastal European Settings. Journal of Coastal Research 2017, 77, 127 -133.
AMA StyleJean-Paul Vanderlinden, Juan Baztan, Nabil Touili, Idrissa Oumar Kane, Bénédicte Rulleau, Pedro Diaz Simal, Luca Pietrantoni, Gabrielle Prati, Fabio Zagonari. Coastal Flooding, Uncertainty and Climate Change: Science as a Solution to (mis) Perceptions? A Qualitative Enquiry in Three Coastal European Settings. Journal of Coastal Research. 2017; 77 ():127-133.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJean-Paul Vanderlinden; Juan Baztan; Nabil Touili; Idrissa Oumar Kane; Bénédicte Rulleau; Pedro Diaz Simal; Luca Pietrantoni; Gabrielle Prati; Fabio Zagonari. 2017. "Coastal Flooding, Uncertainty and Climate Change: Science as a Solution to (mis) Perceptions? A Qualitative Enquiry in Three Coastal European Settings." Journal of Coastal Research 77, no. : 127-133.
Les inondations côtières semblent être appelées à connaître une croissance importante en termes de fréquence et d’intensité. En outre, la forte urbanisation des zones côtières amplifie les conséquences de ces inondations en cas d’impact. Or, au lieu de renforcer la résilience, la gestion des risques s’est davantage focalisée, en France, sur le contrôle de l’urbanisation en vue de réduire l’exposition, des biens et des personnes. Le recours à des mesures inflexibles et restreintes ne semble pas favoriser l’adaptation face aux risques présents et futurs. Ce travail explore une alternative destinée à lever les limites des approches actuelles, focalisées sur la réduction des impacts. Nous proposons un cadre opérationnel de renforcement de la résilience par l’application de principes systémiques à la gestion des risques.
Touili Nabil. Portfolio d’options pour le renforcement de la résilience : application de principes systémiques de résilience à la gestion des risques d’inondation en Gironde. VertigO 2015, 1 .
AMA StyleTouili Nabil. Portfolio d’options pour le renforcement de la résilience : application de principes systémiques de résilience à la gestion des risques d’inondation en Gironde. VertigO. 2015; (Hors-série):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTouili Nabil. 2015. "Portfolio d’options pour le renforcement de la résilience : application de principes systémiques de résilience à la gestion des risques d’inondation en Gironde." VertigO , no. Hors-série: 1.
Jean Paul Vanderlinden; Juan Baztan; Tracey Coates; Osiel González Dávila; François Hissel; Idrissa Oumar Kane; Phoebe Koundouri; Loraine McFadden; Dennis Parker; Edmund Penning-Rowsell; Luca Pietrantoni; Gianluca Pescaroli; Gabriele Prati; Bénédicte Rulleau; Mavra Stithou; Nabil Touili. Nonstructural Approaches to Coastal Risk Mitigations. Coastal Risk Management in a Changing Climate 2015, 237 -274.
AMA StyleJean Paul Vanderlinden, Juan Baztan, Tracey Coates, Osiel González Dávila, François Hissel, Idrissa Oumar Kane, Phoebe Koundouri, Loraine McFadden, Dennis Parker, Edmund Penning-Rowsell, Luca Pietrantoni, Gianluca Pescaroli, Gabriele Prati, Bénédicte Rulleau, Mavra Stithou, Nabil Touili. Nonstructural Approaches to Coastal Risk Mitigations. Coastal Risk Management in a Changing Climate. 2015; ():237-274.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJean Paul Vanderlinden; Juan Baztan; Tracey Coates; Osiel González Dávila; François Hissel; Idrissa Oumar Kane; Phoebe Koundouri; Loraine McFadden; Dennis Parker; Edmund Penning-Rowsell; Luca Pietrantoni; Gianluca Pescaroli; Gabriele Prati; Bénédicte Rulleau; Mavra Stithou; Nabil Touili. 2015. "Nonstructural Approaches to Coastal Risk Mitigations." Coastal Risk Management in a Changing Climate , no. : 237-274.
Idrissa Oumar Kane; Jean-Paul Vanderlinden; Juan Baztan; Nabil Touili; Simon Claus. Communicating risk through a DSS: A coastal risk centred empirical analysis. Coastal Engineering 2014, 87, 240 -248.
AMA StyleIdrissa Oumar Kane, Jean-Paul Vanderlinden, Juan Baztan, Nabil Touili, Simon Claus. Communicating risk through a DSS: A coastal risk centred empirical analysis. Coastal Engineering. 2014; 87 ():240-248.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIdrissa Oumar Kane; Jean-Paul Vanderlinden; Juan Baztan; Nabil Touili; Simon Claus. 2014. "Communicating risk through a DSS: A coastal risk centred empirical analysis." Coastal Engineering 87, no. : 240-248.
Nabil Touili; Juan Baztan; Jean-Paul Vanderlinden; Idrissa Oumar Kane; Pedro Diaz-Simal; Luca Pietrantoni. Public perception of engineering-based coastal flooding and erosion risk mitigation options: Lessons from three European coastal settings. Coastal Engineering 2014, 87, 205 -209.
AMA StyleNabil Touili, Juan Baztan, Jean-Paul Vanderlinden, Idrissa Oumar Kane, Pedro Diaz-Simal, Luca Pietrantoni. Public perception of engineering-based coastal flooding and erosion risk mitigation options: Lessons from three European coastal settings. Coastal Engineering. 2014; 87 ():205-209.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNabil Touili; Juan Baztan; Jean-Paul Vanderlinden; Idrissa Oumar Kane; Pedro Diaz-Simal; Luca Pietrantoni. 2014. "Public perception of engineering-based coastal flooding and erosion risk mitigation options: Lessons from three European coastal settings." Coastal Engineering 87, no. : 205-209.