The potential Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (pKP) equation delineates the development of small-amplitude, nonlinear, long waves characterized by a gradual variation in the transverse coordinate. The B-type KP equation outlines the relationships among exponentially localized shapes and was employed as a representation for shallow water waves and plasma physics. In this paper, we consider the combined pKP-BKP integrable equation. We discuss the multiple solitons of a newly proposed (3+1)-dimensional combined pKP-BKP integrable equation. We use the Hirota bilinear (HB) form of the considered equation to deduce fission process in higher order solitons with different orders. Moreover, the breather dynamics and its interaction with other solitons are investigated via HB. The lump solution and its interaction with first order and fourth order kink soliton is studied.
15 October 2022 in International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
In the present paper, we investigate the nature of Ricci-Yamabe soliton on an imperfect fluid generalized Robertson-Walker spacetime with a torse-forming vector field . Furthermore, if the potential vector field of the Ricci-Yamabe soliton is of the gradient type, the Laplace-Poisson equation is derived. Also, we explore the harmonic aspects of -Ricci-Yamabe soliton on an imperfect fluid spacetime with a harmonic potential function . Finally, we examine necessary and sufficient conditions for a -form , which is the -dual of the vector field on imperfect fluid spacetime to be a solution of the Schrödinger-Ricci equation.
The purpose of the article is to analyze the behavior of spacetime using a string cloud energy-momentum tensor $ \mathcal{T} $ having string cloud fluid density $ \rho $ and string tension $ \lambda $, named relativistic string cloud spacetime. We obtain some results for string cloud spacetime with a divergence-free matter tensor and a diminishing space matter tensor. Next, we discuss some curvature characteristics, such as conformally flat, Ricci semi-symmetric and pseudo-Ricci-symmetric, for relativistic string cloud spacetime. In addition, we gain a condition that coincides with the equation of state for the cloud of geometric strings in Ricci semi-symmetric string cloud spacetime.
31 January 2012 in Journal of Inequalities and Applications
In this article, we obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions that the semi-invariant submanifold to be a locally warped product submanifold of invariant and anti-invariant submanifolds of a cosymplectic manifold in terms of canonical structures T and F. The inequality and equality cases are also discussed for the squared norm of the second fundamental form in terms of the warping function. 2000 AMS Mathematics Subject Classification: 53C25; 53C40; 53C42; 53D15.