The main objective of this article is to identify and analyze the use of mobile payments in two countries, Poland and Turkey. The data for the study were collected with the application of the CAWI method in March 2021. The survey covered nearly 650 respondents in total. The basis for comparisons was populations from two culturally distinct countries, Poland and Turkey, which are at a similar level of development as regards the use of the Internet. The studies were carried out simultaneously in both countries and examined the group of young people aged 18–25. The research surveyed the population, which included the most active Internet users who are taking full advantage of the benefits of globalization, which is facilitated by the development of the Internet worldwide. The survey was translated into the respondents’ native languages, initially validated during the pilot studies and then distributed and circulated among the study participants. The obtained findings were subject to comparison, and the differences between the samples were analyzed and commented on to verify the hypotheses formulated in the study. The main limitation of the conducted study was the selection of a random group—the research sample consisted only of members of the academic community. The study presented in the article fills the research gap regarding international comparisons of the use of m-payments in the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. The obtained results indicate the undoubted fact of increased interest in the use of m-payments in e-commerce and e-banking, and even more importantly, differences concerning 40% of the criteria/attributes applied to assess the use of m-payments in both countries. The findings can be used by business practitioners dealing with the development of m-payments. Another potential application is to attempt to bridge the gaps between countries, which may be supported by globalization processes.

The main purpose of this article is to compare the state and dynamics of e-commerce development in selected countries: Poland, Turkey and the PRC (People’s Republic of China), from the point of view of individual customers. The comparison was carried out in two stages: the first months of 2020 (before the COVID-19 pandemic) and the first months of 2021 (during the pandemic). The study conducted involved university students. The surveys were carried out using the CAWI method, and they were made available on the servers of the Faculty of Management at the University of Warsaw. The research sample included 650 individuals. Differences in the obtained results were evaluated using the City distance. The hypothesis concerning the lack of differentiation between the evaluations of individual e-commerce criteria was formulated, and it was disproved in the course of the study. The results of the research indicate that the variation between countries appeared mainly in relation to the direction of the development of e-commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic, the type of (mobile/traditional) device used to shop online and, above all, the specificity of the country where the study took place with its past experiences, cultural circumstances and shopping habits, as reflected in the development of online commerce. The limitation of the study was the fact that it was conducted in an academic environment and, at this stage, it was limited to the analysis of the results covering selected countries. Nevertheless, the valuable contribution and undoubted achievement of the work consist in the fact that, for the first time, e-commerce solutions have been compared for countries that are so culturally, economically and demographically different. The results of this study may be used by business practitioners to guide them on possible strategies regarding the development of e-commerce in their countries in the post-pandemic reality.

The main objective of this article is to analyze the use of modern information technologies, referring to the example of smartphones, paying particular attention to selected cultural aspects of the phenomena that appear to play an important role in creating the concept of a smart city. The authors asked a research question: whether there is a difference in the perception of smart cities between Poland and Turkey in terms of a set of individual criteria and cultural differences in the context of globalization processes. The authors decided to compare the use of smartphones in an international environment. In their analysis, they examined Poland and Turkey, the countries which are characterized by markedly distinct culture and customs, but simultaneously present a similar level of IT development. The research was conducted in two stages at the turn of 2019 and 2020, and it involved more than 600 selected young people aged 18–25. It is important to mention that the study consulted the group of the most active internet users who are taking advantage of the benefits of internet-aided globalization. In order to carry out the survey questionnaire, the authors applied a CAWI (Computer Associated Web Interview) method. The original study aimed at identifying the character traits of smartphone users that appear to be most important from the point of view of implementing the concept of a smart city. As a result of this research, 15 such characteristics were identified, and the impact of smartphones on the strengthening or weakening of such qualities was tested in the course of conducting the survey questionnaire. The survey was translated into native languages and initially tested as part of the pilot studies. The results were compared, and the authors have identified and commented on differences between them. They also assessed the degree to which the hypothesis formulated in the research has been verified. The main limitation of the conducted study was the selection of a random group since the research sample consisted only of members of the academic community. The part of the study which is presented in this article fills the research gap related to the impact of smartphones on selected aspects of user behavior (punctuality, individualism, the quantity and quality of contacts) as well as social behavior (homogenization of cultures, the impact on economic and technological progress, strengthening of social bonds, civic responsibility (both in the social and economic sense), personal development initiatives, increase in social activity, sense of security, technological progress, and achieving prosperity). The examined features are particularly important in shaping the idea of smart cities. The results obtained in the study are conducive to expanding the research in this area.

This investigation underscores the pivotal role of managerial sustainability and ethical practices in enhancing corporate success. Utilizing a comprehensive approach, the study amalgamates, interprets, and exemplifies pertinent data to delineate the influence of these key elements on business performance. The primary methodology encompasses a meticulous compilation, whereby the effects of sustainability and ethical conduct in management on corporate achievements are scrutinized through an analysis of current and credible resources. This synthesis not only identifies but also elucidates the core components of managerial sustainability and ethics. Furthermore, the study adopts an interpretative lens to explicate this data, thus facilitating its dissemination within the commercial sector. A methodical discussion on various approaches, including case studies and success narratives, concretizes the subject matter, offering pragmatic insights into the application of sustainability and ethics in business contexts. Contemporary businesses are challenged to transcend mere profit-seeking endeavors by embracing ethical norms and principles of environmental, social, and economic sustainability. These facets are identified as crucial determinants for long-term corporate prosperity. Notably, there exists a discernible gap in comprehending how corporations can refine their management practices to effectively incorporate sustainability and ethical considerations. A profound understanding of the interplay between these aspects and business success remains a critical area of exploration. The focus of this study is to bridge this gap by elucidating the synergistic relationship between managerial sustainability, ethics, and corporate success. Intended to spark interest among business managers, sustainability experts, ethicists, and academicians, this review presents an in-depth analysis of managerial sustainability and ethics. The findings serve as a valuable guide for business leaders, scholars, and policymakers, advocating for the integration of sustainable and ethical principles into business strategies. This alignment is posited as a catalyst for constructing a sustainable future, yielding long-term benefits for both the business sector and society at large, thus advancing the vision of a sustainable global community.

Misyon bir işletmenin var oluş nedeni olarak tanımlanırken, vizyon; bir işletmenin gelecekte ulaşmak istediği yerin bir görüntüsü olarak tanımlanmaktadır. İşletmeler misyon ve vizyon ifadelerini oluştururken amaç ve hedeflerini, stratejilerini, değerlerini, ağırlıklı olarak önem verdikleri konuları ve yanı sıra girişimcilik özelliklerini de yansıtmaktadır. Girişimcilik özellikleri, girişimcinin davranışsal özelliklerinden etkilenmekle beraber, literatürde dokuz boyuttan oluştuğu bilinmektedir. Bunlar; risk alma, liderlik, yenilikçilik, yaratıcılık, güçlülük, proaktiflik, araştırma ve geliştirme, başarı ve rekabetçilik gibi kavramlardır. İşletmeler misyon ve vizyon ifadelerinde bu kavramları kullanarak işletmenin yönü, işletmenin değerleri, girişimcilik özellikleri hakkında bilgi vermektedirler. İşletmelerin, stratejik yönetim ifadelerinde gerçekçi davranmaması, bu ifadelerin girişimcilik özelliklerini yansıtacak biçimde oluşturmamaları, ayrıca işletme gerçeklerinden uzak, taklit ifadeler kullanmaları problem olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada işletmelerin misyon ve vizyon ifadelerini gerçekçi, işletme gerçekleriyle örtüşecek biçimde ve ciddi olarak oluşturdukları varsayılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ağustos-2020 misyon ve vizyon ifadeleri baz alınarak, Türkiye Bankalar Birliği (TBB)’nde paylaşılmış olan (kalkınma ve sınai bankaları hariç) banka ve finans işletmelerinin web sitelerinde paylaşılmış olan misyon ve vizyon ifadelerinden yola çıkarak finans işletmelerinin girişimcilik özelliklerini tespit ederek yorumlamaya çalışmaktır. Bu amaçla, ifadeler girişimcilik özellikleri bakımından nitel olarak değerlendirilmiştir, bu doğrultuda TBB’nin web sitesinde paylaşımda bulunan banka ve finans işletmelerinin girişimcilik özellikleri, stratejik yönetim ifadelerinde yer alan anlamlı faktörler olarak gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın, stratejik yönetim ve girişimcilik özelliklerinin ayrılamaz bileşenler olduğunun belirginleşmesi bakımından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca çalışmanın ilgili sektör yöneticilerine, girişimcilik ve stratejik yönetim alanında çalışan akademisyenlere yararlı olması beklenmektedir. İşletmelerin, stratejik yönetim ifadelerinde gerçekçi davranmaması, bu ifadelerin girişimcilik özelliklerini yansıtacak biçimde oluşturmamaları, ayrıca işletme gerçeklerinden uzak, taklit ifadeler kullanmaları problem olarak görünmektedir. Bu çalışmada işletmelerin misyon ve vizyon ifadelerini gerçekçi, işletme gerçekleriyle örtüşecek biçimde ve ciddi olarak oluşturdukları varsayılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ağustos-2020 misyon ve vizyon ifadeleri baz alınarak, Türkiye Bankalar Birliği (TBB)’nde paylaşılmış olan (kalkınma ve sınai bankaları hariç) banka ve finans işletmelerinin web sitelerinde paylaşılmış olan misyon ve vizyon ifadelerinden yola çıkarak finans işletmelerinin girişimcilik özelliklerini tespit ederek yorumlamaya çalışmaktır. Bu amaçla, ifadeler girişimcilik özellikleri bakımından nitel olarak değerlendirilmiştir, Bu doğrultuda TBB’nin web sitesinde paylaşan banka ve finans işletmelerinin girişimcilik özellikleri, stratejik yönetim ifadelerinde yer alan anlamlı faktörler olarak gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın, stratejik yönetim ve girişimcilik özelliklerinin ayrılamaz bileşenler olduğunun belirginleşmesi bakımından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca çalışmanın ilgili sektör yöneticilerine, girişimcilik ve stratejik yönetim alanında çalışan akademisyenlere yararlı olması beklenmektedir.