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Prof. Dr. Heribert Insam
University of Innsbruck

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0 Biodegradation
0 Biogas
0 Wastewater Treatment
0 Black Soldier Fly
0 Soil Microbial Biomass

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Biogas
Soil Microbial Biomass
Biodegradation
Wastewater Treatment
Black Soldier Fly
Soil microbes
anaerobic fungi
wastewater epidemiology

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Journal article
Published: 21 April 2021 in Fuel
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The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of an alkaline additive on the storage of wood chips from Norway spruce forest residues. Piles of untreated and calcium hydroxide treated wood chips (250 m3) were set up and investigated for four months. It was demonstrated that adding Ca(OH)2 to moist wood chips decreased the dry matter loss by 6%. This was attributed to the increase of the pH to a level of 8, rendering the habitat less suitable for fungal colonisation. The results suggest the set-up storage strategy as a potential alternative method for preserving wood chips when long term storage is required.

ACS Style

Sabrina Dumfort; Ralf Pecenka; Judith Ascher-Jenull; Ursula Peintner; Heribert Insam; Hannes Lenz. The potential of calcium hydroxide to reduce storage losses: A four months monitoring study of spruce wood chip piles at industrial scale. Fuel 2021, 298, 120738 .

AMA Style

Sabrina Dumfort, Ralf Pecenka, Judith Ascher-Jenull, Ursula Peintner, Heribert Insam, Hannes Lenz. The potential of calcium hydroxide to reduce storage losses: A four months monitoring study of spruce wood chip piles at industrial scale. Fuel. 2021; 298 ():120738.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sabrina Dumfort; Ralf Pecenka; Judith Ascher-Jenull; Ursula Peintner; Heribert Insam; Hannes Lenz. 2021. "The potential of calcium hydroxide to reduce storage losses: A four months monitoring study of spruce wood chip piles at industrial scale." Fuel 298, no. : 120738.

Preprint content
Published: 04 March 2021
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The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of mineral fertilizer, different composts and combinations of compost/fertilizer as soil amendments on a loamy silt Cambisol after a 27-year field trial. Four different composts were used: urban organic waste (OWC), green waste (GC), farmyard manure (MC) and sewage sludge compost (SSC). In addition to plant growth, (physico-)chemical and microbiological changes in soil properties following amendment were analysed: total organic carbon (TOC) and nitrogen (N), soil pH, water holding capacity (WHC), basal respiration (BR), microbial biomass (Cmic) and microbial community composition. Fertilization promoted plant growth, when SSC or GC in addition with mineral fertilizer were applied compared to control. Concerning the (physico-) chemical properties only minor differences among the treatments were found. Phosphorus concentrations were three times higher in plots receiving SSC and SSC + N  than control or mineral N fertilizer alone and magnesium concentrations in plots treated with SSC were lower compared to soils treated with GC and MC, respectively. The bacterial community exceeded the fungal one in terms of both richness and diversity. Further, bacterial richness, diversity and community composition differed significantly among the treatments, whereas differences in fungal richness, diversity and composition seemed negligible. Our conclusion is that composts produced from various source materials serve as a valuable source for plant nutrients and can partially substitute mineral fertilizers, modulate soil microbial community and increase fertility. This way, they contribute to the mitigation of climate change.

ACS Style

Felix Kurzemann; Ulrich Plieger; Maraike Probst; Heide Spiegel; Taru Sandén; Margarita Ros; Heribert Insam. Long-term effect of organic amendments, mineral fertilizers and combinations thereof,  on plant yield, soil physic-chemical and microbiological properties. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Felix Kurzemann, Ulrich Plieger, Maraike Probst, Heide Spiegel, Taru Sandén, Margarita Ros, Heribert Insam. Long-term effect of organic amendments, mineral fertilizers and combinations thereof,  on plant yield, soil physic-chemical and microbiological properties. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Felix Kurzemann; Ulrich Plieger; Maraike Probst; Heide Spiegel; Taru Sandén; Margarita Ros; Heribert Insam. 2021. "Long-term effect of organic amendments, mineral fertilizers and combinations thereof,  on plant yield, soil physic-chemical and microbiological properties." , no. : 1.

Preprint content
Published: 25 February 2021
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SARS-CoV-2 wastewater epidemiology suffers from uncertainties concerning sample storage. We show the effect of storage of wastewater on the detectable SARS-CoV-2 load. Storage at 4 °C up to 9 days had no significant effect, while storage at −20 °C led to a significant reduction in gene copy numbers. Highlights Raw wastewater samples can be stored up to 9 days at 4°C for SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance Freezing of wastewater sample dramatically decreases RT-qPCR signal of SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater.

ACS Style

Rudolf Markt; Markus Mayr; Evelyn Peer; Andreas O. Wagner; Nina Lackner; Heribert Insam. Detection and stability of SARS-CoV-2 fragments in wastewater: Impact of storage temperature. 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Rudolf Markt, Markus Mayr, Evelyn Peer, Andreas O. Wagner, Nina Lackner, Heribert Insam. Detection and stability of SARS-CoV-2 fragments in wastewater: Impact of storage temperature. . 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rudolf Markt; Markus Mayr; Evelyn Peer; Andreas O. Wagner; Nina Lackner; Heribert Insam. 2021. "Detection and stability of SARS-CoV-2 fragments in wastewater: Impact of storage temperature." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 17 November 2020 in Sustainability
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Today, insect applications for food and feed are of strong economic, ecological and social interest. Despite their tremendous potential, insects still elicit negative associations in the mindset of Western consumers, which is attributed to a lack of knowledge and scarce opportunities for engagement in this topic. The citizen science project ‘six-legged livestock’ aims to increase the potential of the insect Hermetia illucens (black soldier fly), merging the topics ‘waste re-valorisation’ and ‘protein production’ as a cross-link to circular economy. Workshops were held in four school classes, involving 89 pupils, aged 15 to 18 years old. Making use of organic wastes, participating school classes ran eight rearing systems containing a total of 1800 H. illucens larvae. In the four-week experiments, the pupils monitored larval growth and development. Evidently, the pupils were highly motivated to run their rearing systems and fulfil their working tasks. Furthermore, negative associations with insects, including phobia and scepticism decreased, while excitement for the topic increased after hands-on work with the insects. The presented project may be considered an innovative approach paving the way for the establishment of insects as an important educational tool, since they are still underrepresented in scholarly curricula, despite the public outrage over insect decline.

ACS Style

Andreas Walter; Thomas Klammsteiner; Magdalena Gassner; Carina Desirée Heussler; Suzanne Kapelari; Markus Schermer; Heribert Insam. Black Soldier Fly School Workshops as Means to Promote Circular Economy and Environmental Awareness. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9574 .

AMA Style

Andreas Walter, Thomas Klammsteiner, Magdalena Gassner, Carina Desirée Heussler, Suzanne Kapelari, Markus Schermer, Heribert Insam. Black Soldier Fly School Workshops as Means to Promote Circular Economy and Environmental Awareness. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9574.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Walter; Thomas Klammsteiner; Magdalena Gassner; Carina Desirée Heussler; Suzanne Kapelari; Markus Schermer; Heribert Insam. 2020. "Black Soldier Fly School Workshops as Means to Promote Circular Economy and Environmental Awareness." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9574.

Journal article
Published: 28 October 2020 in Agronomy
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Fertilization of soil is needed to fulfill the growing demand for livestock feed and human food requirements. However, fertilization has short and long-term impacts on the soil microbiota. These, in turn, may influence plant viability and growth. We investigated the soil microbiota of a 27-year field trial, focusing on the influences of mineral nitrogen (N) fertilization, different composts and combinations of compost plus mineral N as soil amendments. Two N rates (0 and 80 kg per ha) and four different composts (urban organic waste compost (OWC) green waste compost (GC), farmyard manure (MC) compost and sewage sludge compost (SSC)) were used. Soil samples for this study were taken in 2018 after the growing season of maize. In addition to maize yield, the effects on soil physicochemical properties and the soil microbiota were analyzed. There was a trend for increased maize yields for all fertilizers; however, only the application of GC and SSC in combination with mineral N fertilizer showed significant effects. The different organic amendments influenced physicochemical soil properties. Phosphorus concentrations were three times higher in plots receiving SSC (≈312 mg kg−1) and SSC + N (≈297 mg kg−1) than control (≈89 mg kg−1) or mineral N fertilizer (≈97 mg kg−1) alone. Magnesium concentrations in plots treated with SSC (≈74 mg kg−1) were lower compared to soils treated with GC and MC, respectively (≈135 mg kg−1 and 126 mg kg−1). Bacteria exceeded the fungal community in terms of both richness and diversity. While the bacterial community composition differed significantly among the treatments, the fungal community composition was rather unaffected. Our conclusion is that composts produced from various substrates serve as valuable nutrient sources for plants and can partially substitute mineral N. In addition, composts increased soil microbial biomass and modulated the composition of the soil’s microbial community.

ACS Style

Felix Kurzemann; Ulrich Plieger; Maraike Probst; Heide Spiegel; Taru Sandén; Margarita Ros; Heribert Insam. Long-Term Fertilization Affects Soil Microbiota, Improves Yield and Benefits Soil. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1664 .

AMA Style

Felix Kurzemann, Ulrich Plieger, Maraike Probst, Heide Spiegel, Taru Sandén, Margarita Ros, Heribert Insam. Long-Term Fertilization Affects Soil Microbiota, Improves Yield and Benefits Soil. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (11):1664.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Felix Kurzemann; Ulrich Plieger; Maraike Probst; Heide Spiegel; Taru Sandén; Margarita Ros; Heribert Insam. 2020. "Long-Term Fertilization Affects Soil Microbiota, Improves Yield and Benefits Soil." Agronomy 10, no. 11: 1664.

Communication
Published: 15 October 2020 in Agronomy
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Because of its nutritious properties, the black soldier fly has emerged as one of the most popular species in advancing circular economy through the re-valorization of anthropogenic organic wastes to insect biomass. Black soldier fly frass accumulates as a major by-product in artificial rearing set-ups and harbors great potential to complement or replace commercial fertilizers. We applied frass from larvae raised on different diets in nitrogen-equivalent amounts as soil amendment, comparing it to NH4NO3 fertilizer as a control. While the soil properties did not reveal any difference between mineral fertilizer and frass, principal component analysis showed significant differences that are mainly attributed to nitrate and dissolved nitrogen contents. We did not find significant differences in the growth of perennial ryegrass between the treatments, indicating that frass serves as a rapidly acting fertilizer comparable to NH4NO3. While the abundance of coliform bacteria increased during frass maturation, after application to the soil, they were outcompeted by gram-negatives. We thus conclude that frass may serve as a valuable fertilizer and does not impair the hygienic properties of soils.

ACS Style

Thomas Klammsteiner; Veysel Turan; Marina Fernández-Delgado Juárez; Simon Oberegger; Heribert Insam. Suitability of Black Soldier Fly Frass as Soil Amendment and Implication for Organic Waste Hygienization. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1578 .

AMA Style

Thomas Klammsteiner, Veysel Turan, Marina Fernández-Delgado Juárez, Simon Oberegger, Heribert Insam. Suitability of Black Soldier Fly Frass as Soil Amendment and Implication for Organic Waste Hygienization. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (10):1578.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thomas Klammsteiner; Veysel Turan; Marina Fernández-Delgado Juárez; Simon Oberegger; Heribert Insam. 2020. "Suitability of Black Soldier Fly Frass as Soil Amendment and Implication for Organic Waste Hygienization." Agronomy 10, no. 10: 1578.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2020 in Biologia
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The dwarf shrub Cressa cretica is a thermocosmopolitan halophilic species. Different mechanisms confer salt stress tolerance such as tissue and osmotic tolerance and ion exclusion, as well as the associated microbiota. The aims were (i) to investigate the best conditions for C. cretica seed germination and to examine the tolerance of germinated seeds and seedlings to different salt concentrations and (ii) to characterize the rhizosphere and bulk soil microbiota. Germination and growth experiments were conducted to address plant salt tolerance, and with Illumina sequencing the microbiota of rhizosphere and bulk soil was investigated. While high salt concentrations (600, 800, and 1000 mM NaCl) inhibited C.cretica seed germination, recovery of ungerminated seeds under non-saline conditions was high, indicating osmotic rather than toxic effects of high salt concentrations. The microbiota found in rhizosphere and bulk soil showed high similarity with that found in previous studies on halophyte-associated microbiota, among the Planctomyces, Halomonas and Jeotgalibacillus. Concluding, salt stress responses on the plant level were shown, as has the involvement of associated halotolerant bacteria. Still, the potential role for mitigating saline stress by the bacterial associates of C. cretica, most of them microbial dark matter, will have to be investigated, as will the contributions of archaea and fungi.

ACS Style

Nematollah Etemadi; Maria Müller; Mohammad Etemadi; María Gómez Brandón; Judith Ascher-Jenull; Heribert Insam. Salt tolerance of Cressa cretica and its rhizosphere microbiota. Biologia 2020, 75, 355 -366.

AMA Style

Nematollah Etemadi, Maria Müller, Mohammad Etemadi, María Gómez Brandón, Judith Ascher-Jenull, Heribert Insam. Salt tolerance of Cressa cretica and its rhizosphere microbiota. Biologia. 2020; 75 (3):355-366.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nematollah Etemadi; Maria Müller; Mohammad Etemadi; María Gómez Brandón; Judith Ascher-Jenull; Heribert Insam. 2020. "Salt tolerance of Cressa cretica and its rhizosphere microbiota." Biologia 75, no. 3: 355-366.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2020 in Soil Biology and Biochemistry
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ACS Style

Wenbo Wang; Qian Zhang; Xiaomei Sun; Dongsheng Chen; Heribert Insam; Roger T. Koide; Shougong Zhang. Effects of mixed-species litter on bacterial and fungal lignocellulose degradation functions during litter decomposition. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2020, 141, 1 .

AMA Style

Wenbo Wang, Qian Zhang, Xiaomei Sun, Dongsheng Chen, Heribert Insam, Roger T. Koide, Shougong Zhang. Effects of mixed-species litter on bacterial and fungal lignocellulose degradation functions during litter decomposition. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 2020; 141 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wenbo Wang; Qian Zhang; Xiaomei Sun; Dongsheng Chen; Heribert Insam; Roger T. Koide; Shougong Zhang. 2020. "Effects of mixed-species litter on bacterial and fungal lignocellulose degradation functions during litter decomposition." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 141, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2020 in Industrial Crops and Products
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The highly heterogeneous structure of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) restrict the exploitation of its potential in biogas plants. Fungal pretreatment of EFB with Trichoderma reesei TISTR 3080 and Pleurotus ostreatus DSM 11191 to improve EFB biodegradability and methane production via solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) was investigated. The pretreatment by T. reesei and P. ostreatus were effective at an EFB moisture content of 80–85 (%w/w) and incubation for 10–15 days. The methane yield was increased by up to 44–52 % compared to raw EFB. A strong linear relationship was observed between the methane yield, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin degradation for both fungal strains. Maximum methane production from untreated EFB, T. reesei and P. ostreatus pretreated EFB was 36.2, 75.8, and 64.9 m3 CH4 tonne−1 EFB, respectively. The pretreatment of EFB with T. reesei is thus a promising strategy to achieve higher methane yields and a 60–75 % higher biodegradation efficiency without any additional energy input and undesired by-product inhibition.

ACS Style

Wantanasak Suksong; Nantharat Wongfaed; Buntita Sangsri; Prawit Kongjan; Poonsuk Prasertsan; Sabine Marie Podmirseg; Heribert Insam; Sompong O-Thong. Enhanced solid-state biomethanisation of oil palm empty fruit bunches following fungal pretreatment. Industrial Crops and Products 2020, 145, 112099 .

AMA Style

Wantanasak Suksong, Nantharat Wongfaed, Buntita Sangsri, Prawit Kongjan, Poonsuk Prasertsan, Sabine Marie Podmirseg, Heribert Insam, Sompong O-Thong. Enhanced solid-state biomethanisation of oil palm empty fruit bunches following fungal pretreatment. Industrial Crops and Products. 2020; 145 ():112099.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wantanasak Suksong; Nantharat Wongfaed; Buntita Sangsri; Prawit Kongjan; Poonsuk Prasertsan; Sabine Marie Podmirseg; Heribert Insam; Sompong O-Thong. 2020. "Enhanced solid-state biomethanisation of oil palm empty fruit bunches following fungal pretreatment." Industrial Crops and Products 145, no. : 112099.

Review article
Published: 25 December 2019 in Bioresource Technology
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Anaerobic fungi (AF, phylum Neocallimastigomycota) are best known for their ability to efficiently break down lignocellulosic biomass. Their unique combination of mechanical and enzymatic attacks on recalcitrant plant structures bears great potential for enhancement of the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. Although scientists in this field have long agreed upon the potential of AF for biotechnology, research is only recently gaining traction. This delay was largely due to difficulties in culture-dependent and culture-independent analysis of those high-maintenance organisms with their still unknown complex growth requirements. In this review, we will summarize current research efforts on bioaugmentation with AF and further point out, how the lack of basic knowledge on AF nutritional needs hampers their implementation on an industrial scale. Through this, we hope to further kindle interest into basic research on AF in order to advance their stable integration into biotechnological processes.

ACS Style

Julia Vinzelj; Akshay Joshi; Heribert Insam; Sabine Marie Podmirseg. Employing anaerobic fungi in biogas production: challenges & opportunities. Bioresource Technology 2019, 300, 122687 .

AMA Style

Julia Vinzelj, Akshay Joshi, Heribert Insam, Sabine Marie Podmirseg. Employing anaerobic fungi in biogas production: challenges & opportunities. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 300 ():122687.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Julia Vinzelj; Akshay Joshi; Heribert Insam; Sabine Marie Podmirseg. 2019. "Employing anaerobic fungi in biogas production: challenges & opportunities." Bioresource Technology 300, no. : 122687.

Journal article
Published: 24 December 2019 in Bioresource Technology
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The aim of this work was to prove a process temperature of 45 °C as a practical alternative to commonly applied mesophilic (37 °C) and thermophilic (55 °C) anaerobic digestion (AD). Regarding methane production, no differences were found between the three temperature regimes. However, the maximum possible loading rate at 45 °C exceeded that at 37 °C and 55 °C. Pathogen inactivation at 45 °C was higher than at 37 °C and similarly efficient as at 55 °C. At each process temperature, a unique microbial community established. In addition, the archaeome at 55 °C was dominated by hydrogenotrophs, while at 37 °C and 45 °C it was dominated by acetotrophs. For the investigated substrate mixture, liquid cattle manure with wheat straw as co-substrate, 45 °C turned out to be preferable for AD. For other substrates, these findings still need to be confirmed.

ACS Style

Sebastian Hupfauf; Anna Winkler; Andreas Otto Wagner; Sabine Marie Podmirseg; Heribert Insam. Biomethanation at 45 °C offers high process efficiency and supports hygienisation. Bioresource Technology 2019, 300, 122671 .

AMA Style

Sebastian Hupfauf, Anna Winkler, Andreas Otto Wagner, Sabine Marie Podmirseg, Heribert Insam. Biomethanation at 45 °C offers high process efficiency and supports hygienisation. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 300 ():122671.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sebastian Hupfauf; Anna Winkler; Andreas Otto Wagner; Sabine Marie Podmirseg; Heribert Insam. 2019. "Biomethanation at 45 °C offers high process efficiency and supports hygienisation." Bioresource Technology 300, no. : 122671.

Journal article
Published: 23 October 2019 in Scientific Reports
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Essential oils (EO) of several plant species have the potential to combat plant and fungal diseases. However, the effects of Achillea millefolium EO on the development of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), is still unknown. Moreover, its effect on N2-fixing bacteria, and in general on soil properties has not been studied yet. A greenhouse trial was set up to evaluate both the influence that Achillea millefolium EO and the inoculation with three different Rhizobium strains have on the bean plant and on the chemical and microbiological properties of an agriculturally used Cambisol. Non-inoculated pots were used as control. Our findings showed a decrease in bacterial colony forming units due to EO application and an increase following the Rhizobium inoculation compared to the control. The EO application decreased soil basal respiration and activities of dehydrogenase, urease, β-glucosidase and acid phosphatase. Such effects were stronger with higher oil concentrations. Moreover, the treatments combining Rhizobium inoculation with EO showed a positive effect on nodulation and plant height. Overall, the combined application of Achillea millefolium EO and rhizobia works as an efficient biocide that could be applied in organic agriculture without hampering the activity of nodule-forming N-fixing bacteria and the development of common bean.

ACS Style

Veysel Turan; Peter Schröder; Serdar Bilen; Heribert Insam; Marina Fernández-Delgado Juárez. Co-inoculation effect of Rhizobium and Achillea millefolium L. oil extracts on growth of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and soil microbial-chemical properties. Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Veysel Turan, Peter Schröder, Serdar Bilen, Heribert Insam, Marina Fernández-Delgado Juárez. Co-inoculation effect of Rhizobium and Achillea millefolium L. oil extracts on growth of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and soil microbial-chemical properties. Scientific Reports. 2019; 9 (1):1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Veysel Turan; Peter Schröder; Serdar Bilen; Heribert Insam; Marina Fernández-Delgado Juárez. 2019. "Co-inoculation effect of Rhizobium and Achillea millefolium L. oil extracts on growth of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and soil microbial-chemical properties." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1: 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 21 October 2019 in Bioresource Technology
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Biogas production of palm oil mill effluent (POME) and empty fruit bunches (EFB) was performed by coupled liquid (L-AD) and solid-state (SS-AD) anaerobic digestion processes. POME was fed to L-AD digester, while mixed of effluent from L-AD and EFB was fed to SS-AD digester. The maximum overall methane production of 60.9 m3-CH4·ton−1 waste was obtained at an optimal hydraulic retention time of 30 days and an organic loading rate of 1.66 gVS·L−1-reactor·d−1 for L-AD and 6.03 gVS·L−1-reactor·d−1 for SS-AD with L-AD effluent recycling rate of 16.7 mL·L−1-reactor·d−1. The bacterial community in the L-AD reactor was different from the SS-AD reactor, while the archaeal community was similar in both reactors. Synergistaceae, Caldicoprobacteraceae and Lachnospiraceae were increased in the SS-AD reactor. Coupling L-AD and SS-AD is able to increase energy production by 29% and 71% compared to the L-AD and SS-AD alone, respectively, with no outsource SS-AD inoculum required.

ACS Style

Wantanasak Suksong; Wisarut Tukanghan; Kanathip Promnuan; Prawit Kongjan; Alissara Reungsang; Heribert Insam; Sompong O-Thong. Biogas production from palm oil mill effluent and empty fruit bunches by coupled liquid and solid-state anaerobic digestion. Bioresource Technology 2019, 296, 122304 .

AMA Style

Wantanasak Suksong, Wisarut Tukanghan, Kanathip Promnuan, Prawit Kongjan, Alissara Reungsang, Heribert Insam, Sompong O-Thong. Biogas production from palm oil mill effluent and empty fruit bunches by coupled liquid and solid-state anaerobic digestion. Bioresource Technology. 2019; 296 ():122304.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wantanasak Suksong; Wisarut Tukanghan; Kanathip Promnuan; Prawit Kongjan; Alissara Reungsang; Heribert Insam; Sompong O-Thong. 2019. "Biogas production from palm oil mill effluent and empty fruit bunches by coupled liquid and solid-state anaerobic digestion." Bioresource Technology 296, no. : 122304.

Journal article
Published: 12 September 2019 in Microorganisms
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Microbes drive leaf litter decomposition, and their communities are adapted to the local vegetation providing that litter. However, whether these local microbial communities confer a significant home-field advantage in litter decomposition remains unclear, with contrasting results being published. Here, we focus on a litter transplantation experiment from oak forests (home site) to two away sites without oak in South Tyrol (Italy). We aimed to produce an in-depth analysis of the fungal and bacterial decomposer communities using Illumina sequencing and qPCR, to understand whether local adaptation occurs and whether this was associated with litter mass loss dynamics. Temporal shifts in the decomposer community occurred, reflecting changes in litter chemistry over time. Fungal community composition was site dependent, while bacterial composition did not differ across sites. Total litter mass loss and rates of litter decomposition did not change across sites. Litter quality influenced the microbial community through the availability of different carbon sources. Additively, our results do not support the hypothesis that locally adapted microbial decomposers lead to a greater or faster mass loss. It is likely that high functional redundancy within decomposer communities regulated the decomposition, and thus greater future research attention should be given to trophic guilds rather than taxonomic composition.

ACS Style

Alessia Bani; Luigimaria Borruso; Kirsty J. Matthews Nicholass; Tommaso Bardelli; Andrea Polo; Silvia Pioli; María Gómez Brandón; Heribert Insam; Alex J. Dumbrell; Lorenzo Brusetti; Bani; Matthews Nicholass; Polo; Gómez- Brandón. Site-Specific Microbial Decomposer Communities Do Not Imply Faster Decomposition: Results from a Litter Transplantation Experiment. Microorganisms 2019, 7, 349 .

AMA Style

Alessia Bani, Luigimaria Borruso, Kirsty J. Matthews Nicholass, Tommaso Bardelli, Andrea Polo, Silvia Pioli, María Gómez Brandón, Heribert Insam, Alex J. Dumbrell, Lorenzo Brusetti, Bani, Matthews Nicholass, Polo, Gómez- Brandón. Site-Specific Microbial Decomposer Communities Do Not Imply Faster Decomposition: Results from a Litter Transplantation Experiment. Microorganisms. 2019; 7 (9):349.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alessia Bani; Luigimaria Borruso; Kirsty J. Matthews Nicholass; Tommaso Bardelli; Andrea Polo; Silvia Pioli; María Gómez Brandón; Heribert Insam; Alex J. Dumbrell; Lorenzo Brusetti; Bani; Matthews Nicholass; Polo; Gómez- Brandón. 2019. "Site-Specific Microbial Decomposer Communities Do Not Imply Faster Decomposition: Results from a Litter Transplantation Experiment." Microorganisms 7, no. 9: 349.

Original paper
Published: 13 August 2019 in Waste and Biomass Valorization
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Fast pyrolysis bio-oil (FPBO) is a liquid biofuel obtained from lignocellulosic residues. Moreover, biomass fly ashes (FAs) containing many minerals and micronutrients are obtained in the production process. Biomass ashes can be used as a lime substitute for amelioration of acid soils by increasing pH, providing nutrients for crop development and stimulating microbial activity. However, ash application might increase N-mineralization and induce nitrate losses via leaching. The main objective of this study was to investigate the applicability of FPBO-recovered FAs as soil amendment and their effects on soil microbial processes, plant development, and to evaluate the effects on soil leaching. In a greenhouse experiment, an acidic soil was amended with 2% of FAs and sown with a regional wheat variety. After 100 days, wheat was harvested and red clover was sown to simulate crop rotation. After 250 days, the soils were analysed microbiologically and physico-chemically. While no differences in plant yields were observed, FAs addition increased several soil chemical pools as well as certain microbiological parameters. Soil pH increased from 4.8 to 7.2, electrical conductivity from 89 to 407 µS cm−1, and the soil available P pool from 13.6 to 81.3 µg g−1 soil. Further, the nitrification rate, nitrate content in the soil leachates increased upon ash addition, in particular during the clover stage of the experiment. Summarized, despite not measurable effects on the plant growth, fly ash appears to enhance chemical and biological properties of soil cropped with wheat and clover without hinting towards negative environmental side-effects.

ACS Style

Marina Fernández-Delgado Juárez; Ginevra Fabiani; Thomas Mazzier; Deborah Schönegger; Giacomo Pietramellara; María Gómez-Brandón; Heribert Insam. Reclamation of Acid Soils with Biomass Ashes from Pyrolytic Wood Liquefaction. Waste and Biomass Valorization 2019, 11, 5067 -5078.

AMA Style

Marina Fernández-Delgado Juárez, Ginevra Fabiani, Thomas Mazzier, Deborah Schönegger, Giacomo Pietramellara, María Gómez-Brandón, Heribert Insam. Reclamation of Acid Soils with Biomass Ashes from Pyrolytic Wood Liquefaction. Waste and Biomass Valorization. 2019; 11 (9):5067-5078.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marina Fernández-Delgado Juárez; Ginevra Fabiani; Thomas Mazzier; Deborah Schönegger; Giacomo Pietramellara; María Gómez-Brandón; Heribert Insam. 2019. "Reclamation of Acid Soils with Biomass Ashes from Pyrolytic Wood Liquefaction." Waste and Biomass Valorization 11, no. 9: 5067-5078.

Journal article
Published: 10 May 2019 in Journal of Biotechnology
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In biogas plants, lignocellulose-rich biomass (LCB) is particularly slowly degraded, causing high hydraulic retention times. This fact lowers the interests for such substrates. To enhance LCB-degradation, cattle rumen fluid, a highly active microbial resource accruing in the growing meat industry, might be used as a potential source for bioaugmentation. This study compares 0 %, 20 % and 40 % rumen liquid in a batch anaerobic digestion approach. Moreover, it determines the biogas- and methane-potentials as well as degradation-speeds of corn straw, co-digested with cattle manure. It inspects microbial communities via marker-gene sequencing, qPCR and RNA-DGGE and draws attention on possible beneficial effects of rumen addition on the biogas-producing community. Bioaugmentation with 20 % and 40 % v/v rumen liquid accelerated methane yields by 5 and 6 days, respectively (i.e. reaching 90% of total methane production). It also enhanced LCB- as well as (hemi)cellulose- and volatile fatty acid degradation. These results are supported by increased abundances of bacteria, methanogens and anaerobic fungi in treatments with rumen liquid amendment, and point towards the persistence of specific rumen-borne microorganisms especially during the first phase of the experiment. The results suggest that rumen liquid addition is a promising strategy for enhanced and accelerated exploitation of LCB for biomethanisation.

ACS Style

Magdalena Nagler; Katja Kozjek; Mohammad Etemadi; Heribert Insam; Sabine Marie Podmirseg. Simple yet effective: Microbial and biotechnological benefits of rumen liquid addition to lignocellulose-degrading biogas plants. Journal of Biotechnology 2019, 300, 1 -10.

AMA Style

Magdalena Nagler, Katja Kozjek, Mohammad Etemadi, Heribert Insam, Sabine Marie Podmirseg. Simple yet effective: Microbial and biotechnological benefits of rumen liquid addition to lignocellulose-degrading biogas plants. Journal of Biotechnology. 2019; 300 ():1-10.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magdalena Nagler; Katja Kozjek; Mohammad Etemadi; Heribert Insam; Sabine Marie Podmirseg. 2019. "Simple yet effective: Microbial and biotechnological benefits of rumen liquid addition to lignocellulose-degrading biogas plants." Journal of Biotechnology 300, no. : 1-10.

Journal article
Published: 12 April 2019 in Soil Biology and Biochemistry
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The viability of carbonyl sulfide (COS) measurements for partitioning ecosystem-scale net carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes into photosynthesis and respiration critically depends on our knowledge of non-leaf sinks and sources of COS in ecosystems. We combined soil gas exchange measurements of COS and CO2 with next-generation sequencing technology (NGS) to investigate the role of soil microbiota for soil COS exchange. We applied different treatments (litter and glucose addition, enzyme inhibition and gamma sterilization) to soil samples from a temperate grassland to manipulate microbial composition and activity. While untreated soil was characterized by consistent COS uptake, other treatments reduced COS uptake and even turned the soil into a net COS source. Removing biotic processes through sterilization led to positive or zero fluxes. We used NGS to link changes in the COS response to alterations in the microbial community composition, with bacterial data having a higher explanatory power for the measured COS fluxes than fungal data. We found that the genera Arthrobacter and Streptomyces were particularly abundant in samples exhibiting high COS emissions. Our results indicate co-occurring abiotic production and biotic consumption of COS in untreated soil, the latter linked to carbonic anhydrase activity, and a strong dependency of the COS flux on the activity, identity, abundance of and substrate available to microorganisms.

ACS Style

Florian Kitz; María Gómez-Brandón; Bernhard Eder; Mohammad Etemadi; Felix M. Spielmann; Albin Hammerle; Heribert Insam; Georg Wohlfahrt. Soil carbonyl sulfide exchange in relation to microbial community composition: Insights from a managed grassland soil amendment experiment. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 2019, 135, 28 -37.

AMA Style

Florian Kitz, María Gómez-Brandón, Bernhard Eder, Mohammad Etemadi, Felix M. Spielmann, Albin Hammerle, Heribert Insam, Georg Wohlfahrt. Soil carbonyl sulfide exchange in relation to microbial community composition: Insights from a managed grassland soil amendment experiment. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 2019; 135 ():28-37.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Florian Kitz; María Gómez-Brandón; Bernhard Eder; Mohammad Etemadi; Felix M. Spielmann; Albin Hammerle; Heribert Insam; Georg Wohlfahrt. 2019. "Soil carbonyl sulfide exchange in relation to microbial community composition: Insights from a managed grassland soil amendment experiment." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 135, no. : 28-37.

Original article
Published: 17 September 2018 in Water and Environment Journal
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In this study, seven full‐scale anaerobic digesters, with or without co‐substrate regime, were analysed by physicochemical and molecular biological methods. A combination of robust community fingerprinting and Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed a core bacterial community dominated by Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, with variations in the profiles because of differences in the co‐substrate feeding regime. Despite these differences, physicochemical properties revealed a stable performance of all reactors, indicating a resilient bacterial microbiota in all full‐scale reactors. A rich bacterial core community ensured reactor functionality, whilst feeding regime and reactor type impacted the overall and the core bacterial diversity. Within the Archaea, Methanosaeta dominated in all reactors. Results indicated no relationship between archaeal community structure and the type of co‐substrate digested. Methanogens rely on the metabolic end products of bacterial activity and are thus less dependent on differences in the initial co‐substrate regime.

ACS Style

Andreas Walter; Maraike Probst; Ingrid H. Franke-Whittle; Christian Ebner; Sabine Marie Podmirseg; Mohammad Etemadi-Shalamzari; Sebastian Hupfauf; Heribert Insam. Microbiota in anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge with and without co‐substrates. Water and Environment Journal 2018, 33, 214 -222.

AMA Style

Andreas Walter, Maraike Probst, Ingrid H. Franke-Whittle, Christian Ebner, Sabine Marie Podmirseg, Mohammad Etemadi-Shalamzari, Sebastian Hupfauf, Heribert Insam. Microbiota in anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge with and without co‐substrates. Water and Environment Journal. 2018; 33 (2):214-222.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Walter; Maraike Probst; Ingrid H. Franke-Whittle; Christian Ebner; Sabine Marie Podmirseg; Mohammad Etemadi-Shalamzari; Sebastian Hupfauf; Heribert Insam. 2018. "Microbiota in anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge with and without co‐substrates." Water and Environment Journal 33, no. 2: 214-222.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in CATENA
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Mountain forest ecosystems are particularly sensitive to changing environmental conditions that affect the rate of deadwood decay and, thus, also soil carbon turnover and forest productivity. Little is known about how slope exposure and climate influence microbial abundance and activity in general, and wood-inhabiting bacteria during deadwood decomposition in particular. Therefore, a field experiment using open mesocosms was carried out along an altitudinal gradient (from 1200 to 2000 m above sea level) in the Italian Alps to evaluate the impact of exposure (north (N)- vs. south (S)-facing sites) on microbial biomass (double stranded DNA, dsDNA); microbial abundance (real-time PCR-based: fungi; dinitrogen reductase, nifH; ammonia-monooxygenase, amoA); and several hydrolytic enzyme activities involved in the main nutrient cycles during decomposition of Picea abies wood blocks (2 × 5 × 5 cm) over a 2-year period. In addition, soil physico-chemical and (micro)biological properties were determined at each site. The cooler, moister and more acidic conditions at north-facing slopes led to an increase in the wood and soil fungal abundance. Furthermore, soil nitrogen-related bacterial functional genes (nifH and amoA) gave a contrasting response to exposure in terms of abundance: nifH (N > S, altitude and decay time-dependent); ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB; S > N, altitude and decay time-dependent); ammonia-oxidising archaea (AOA; N > S, only at 2000 m a.s.l.). The AOB and AOA abundance, however, was below the detection limit in the wood blocks. Soil microbial biomass was in general higher at the north-facing slopes, whereas in the wood exposure affected to a lesser extent the microbial biomass. Overall, the exposure-effect on the microbial biomass and abundance as well as for most of the enzymatic activities was altitude- and decay time-dependent.

ACS Style

Tommaso Bardelli; Judith Ascher-Jenull; Evelyn Burkia Stocker; Flavio Fornasier; Paola Arfaioli; Giulia Fravolini; Layzza Roberta Alves Medeiros; Markus Egli; Giacomo Pietramellara; Heribert Insam; María Gómez-Brandón. Impact of slope exposure on chemical and microbiological properties of Norway spruce deadwood and underlying soil during early stages of decomposition in the Italian Alps. CATENA 2018, 167, 100 -115.

AMA Style

Tommaso Bardelli, Judith Ascher-Jenull, Evelyn Burkia Stocker, Flavio Fornasier, Paola Arfaioli, Giulia Fravolini, Layzza Roberta Alves Medeiros, Markus Egli, Giacomo Pietramellara, Heribert Insam, María Gómez-Brandón. Impact of slope exposure on chemical and microbiological properties of Norway spruce deadwood and underlying soil during early stages of decomposition in the Italian Alps. CATENA. 2018; 167 ():100-115.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tommaso Bardelli; Judith Ascher-Jenull; Evelyn Burkia Stocker; Flavio Fornasier; Paola Arfaioli; Giulia Fravolini; Layzza Roberta Alves Medeiros; Markus Egli; Giacomo Pietramellara; Heribert Insam; María Gómez-Brandón. 2018. "Impact of slope exposure on chemical and microbiological properties of Norway spruce deadwood and underlying soil during early stages of decomposition in the Italian Alps." CATENA 167, no. : 100-115.

Research article
Published: 13 July 2018 in Environmental Microbiology
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Deadwood decay employs a complex metabolism and provides carbon and nutrients for soils. Although being highly diverse, the contribution of the bacterial deadwood colonising community is underexplored compared to the fungal one. Therefore, we performed an in‐field mesocosm study and monitored the bacterial communities in decaying experimental Picea abies wood blocks and their underlying soil on north‐ and south exposed slopes in the Italian Alps over a 2‐year period. The faster deadwood decay at the south‐facing slope was associated with higher bacterial richness and a higher number of specialist operational taxonomic units (OTUs) which were more strongly correlated to environmental parameters than other bacterial community members. With progressing decay, the wood and soil bacterial communities became more similar in terms of richness, diversity and evenness and especially at the south‐facing slope, they also become more similar in terms of community composition. Exposure‐specific OTUs suggest wood‐soil interaction. However, despite the strong influence of exposure on the soil bacterial communities, the P. abies wood blocks shared a comparably high number of OTUs with the soil irrespective of the slope. At finer taxonomic scale, we identified Pseudomonas, Microbacteria, Sphingomonas, Xanthomonas, Methylovirgula and Burkholderia as decay associated, although their functional role needs further studies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Maraike Probst; María Gómez Brandón; Tommaso Bardelli; Markus Egli; Heribert Insam; Judith Ascher-Jenull. Bacterial communities of decaying Norway spruce follow distinct slope exposure and time-dependent trajectories. Environmental Microbiology 2018, 20, 3657 -3670.

AMA Style

Maraike Probst, María Gómez Brandón, Tommaso Bardelli, Markus Egli, Heribert Insam, Judith Ascher-Jenull. Bacterial communities of decaying Norway spruce follow distinct slope exposure and time-dependent trajectories. Environmental Microbiology. 2018; 20 (10):3657-3670.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Maraike Probst; María Gómez Brandón; Tommaso Bardelli; Markus Egli; Heribert Insam; Judith Ascher-Jenull. 2018. "Bacterial communities of decaying Norway spruce follow distinct slope exposure and time-dependent trajectories." Environmental Microbiology 20, no. 10: 3657-3670.