Les tendon ruptures in a rat model with transplantation of whole bone marrow cells. Methods: Nine F344/Nslc (Fisher) rats were the source of bone marrow cells and mesenchymal stem cells as well as normal Achilles tendons. Eighty-seven Fisher rats were used for the experiments. The rats were divided into three groups: the BMC group (bone marrow cells injected around the tendon), the MSC group (mesenchymal stem cells injected around the tendon), and the non-treated control group (incision only). Outcome measures included mechanical testing, collagen immunohistochemistry, histological analysis, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to detect expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results: The ultimate failure load in the BMC group was significantly greater than that in the non-treated or the MSC group at seven days after incision (3.8 N vs. 0.9 N or 2.1 N, p < 0.016) and at fourteen days after incision (10.2 N vs. 6.1 N or 8.2 N, p < 0.016). The ultimate failure load in the BMC group at twenty-eight days after incision (33.8 N) was the same as that of normal tendon (34.8 N). The BMC group demonstrated stronger staining for type-III collagen at seven days after incision and stronger staining for type-I collagen at twenty-eight days than did the MSC group. Expression of TGF-β and VEGF in the BMC group was significantly increased compared with that in the other groups at four days after incision (TGF-β: 1.6 vs. 1.3 or 0.6, p < 0.01; VEGF: 1.7 vs. 1.1 or 0.9, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Transplantation of whole bone marrow cells may be a better and more readily available treatment for Achilles tendon rupture than cultured mesenchymal stem cells. Clinical Relevance: The present study provides evidence that transplantation of bone marrow cells may be a promising therapy for the treatment of Achilles tendon rupture....

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a challenging surgical procedure that can be used to treat severely dislocated hips. There are few reports regarding cemented THAs involving subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy (SSO), even though cemented THAs provide great advantages because the femur is generally hypoplastic with a narrow, deformed canal.

Although some reports suggest that taper-slip cemented stems may be associated with a higher periprosthetic femoral fractures rate than composite-beam cemented stems, few studies have focused on the biomaterial effect of the polished material on the stem–cement interface. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between surface roughness of materials and bone cement. Four types of metal discs—cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy (CoCr), stainless steel alloy 316 (SUS), and two titanium alloys (Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al)—were prepared. Five discs of each material were produced with varying degrees of surface roughness. In order to evaluate surface wettability, the contact angle was measured using the sessile drop method. A pin was made using two bone cements and the frictional coefficient was assessed with a pin-on-disc test. The contact angle of each metal increased with decreasing surface roughness and the surface wettability of metal decreased with higher degrees of polishing. With a surface roughness of Ra = 0.06 μm and moderate viscosity bone cement, the frictional coefficient was significantly lower in CoCr than in SUS (p = 0.0073). In CoCr, the low adhesion effect with low frictional coefficient may result in excessive taper-slip, especially with the use of moderate viscosity bone cement.

Although anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using a bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) autograft has many advantages (e.g., high strength and solid fixation), there are also several complications (e.g., anterior knee pain or kneeling pain) due to harvest‐site morbidity associated with the use of this graft type compared with the use of hamstring tendon. Therefore the ultimate goal of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using a BPTB graft is to minimize harvest‐site morbidity. We have used a technique for harvesting central‐third BPTB grafts that involves only a 3‐cm‐long, longitudinal, curved incision in the medial tibial tuberosity for both graft harvesting and fixation. The purpose of this report is to describe the technique, which can avoid the harvest‐site morbidities associated with BPTB autografts during knee arthroscopy. We believe that this less invasive reconstruction may reduce the harvest‐site morbidities associated with BPTB grafts because it allows for BPTB graft harvesting without incising the synovial bursa or paratenon and mitigates scarring and adhesion formation. Technique Video: video See video under supplementary data.

The aims of this retrospective study were to firstly introduce three practical bulk bone graft techniques based on acetabular morphology for dysplasia and secondly evaluate the long-term durability of acetabular reconstruction using those techniques combined with cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA). The study comprised 101 consecutive THAs with a minimum follow-up of ten years; these procedures were categorised as being L shape (n = 58), Wall (n = 33) and D shape (n = 10) types. At the last follow-up, all bone grafts acquired trabecular reorientation, and no evidence of revision for aseptic or radiological loosening was noted. These bone graft techniques will be effective for improving the management of dysplasia in cemented THA by providing both acetabular reconstruction and cement containment.