In this article, we present the results of astronomical seeing measurements conducted at the Maidanak observatory and the influence of meteorological parameters on astronomical seeing. A differential image motion monitor (DIMM) was used to measure astronomical seeing. Astronomical seeing observations were made between 2018–2022, mainly in the summer and autumn months. A total of 266 night observations were conducted between 2018 and 2022. For the whole time frame, the median seeing value was 0.69 arc seconds. With a median value of 0.65″, 2019 is the year with the best seeing, and 2021 has the worst seeing (0.71″). Analysis of long-term variations of the amount of clear time revealed a small trend of decrease in the amount. The correlation between the meteorological parameters and seeing was analyzed. It was determined that the meteorological parameters with the greatest impact on the seeing are wind speed and nighttime temperature variation. The correlation coefficient was equal to 13% and 21% for both quantities. It was found that wind direction and temperature have a relatively weak correlation with astronomical seeing.

Results of a four-month campaign of astronomical seeing measurements at Maidanak astronomical observatory (MAO) are presented. A differential image motion monitor (DIMM) was used for seeing estimations during the period from August to November 2018. The observation was organized within the framework of a site testing for a new telescope which is going to be installed at the observatory. The median value of seeing for the entire period was determined as 0.70 arcseconds, which agrees well with the results of the period 1996–2003. The comparison of monthly values showed that some monthly median values differ from the seasonal trend of the previous period.

The article presents statistics of the astronomical seeing at the Maidanak Observatory in Uzbekistan. Astronomical seeing measurements were performed using a differential image motion monitor. In the period 2018 to 2021, a total number of 204 night observations were carried out. The median zenith seeing for the entire period of observations was found to be 0.69″ (arcseconds). The results were compared with those obtained in the previous measurement period of 1996 to 2003. The comparison shows very small differences between the two measurement sets in the monthly and yearly median values. The best seeing was observed in October, but it was November according to the previous measurements. The best year in terms of seeing was 2019 with its median value 0.65″ and the worst seeing observed in 2021 (0.71″).

Results of night-time surface layer turbulence measurements using ESO LuSci at the Maidanak observatory are presented. Turbulence in the surface layer was evaluated at the Maidanak observatory using LuSci during the period of 2021–2022. The overall median DIMM-seeing was 0.74 arcseconds during this period. It was determined that the seeing in the surface layer up to 256 m equals 0.44 arcseconds. This corresponds to 42% of the contribution to the integral seeing in the entire atmosphere. A telescope installed at 6 m above the ground will be affected by 33% of the integral turbulence and about 79% of the surface layer one. Taking into account that the free atmosphere contributes around 30%, we conclude that around 30% of the overall seeing is contributed by the boundary layer above the Maidanak observatory.

The meteorological condition of the atmosphere was studied for the new 4-meter telescope planned to be installed at the Maidanak observatory. This article presents an analysis of certain meteorological parameters measured for the Maidanak Observatory in 2013-2024 and general information about them. Yearly and monthly statistics of parameters such as wind speed and direction, temperature and air humidity were carried out. The study also examines long-term temperature trends, nighttime variability, and potential signals of global climate change.