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Prof. Tristan Richard
Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UR Enology, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France

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0 Authenticity
0 NMR
0 polyphenols
0 Bioactive natural products
0 Vine and wine

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polyphenols
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Vine and wine

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Journal article
Published: 31 July 2021 in Antioxidants
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Anthocyanin-rich foods, such as berries, reportedly ameliorate age-related cognitive deficits in both animals and humans. Despite this, investigation into the mechanisms which underpin anthocyanin-mediated learning and memory benefits remains relatively limited. The present study investigates the effects of anthocyanin intake on a spatial working memory paradigm, assessed via the cross-maze apparatus, and relates behavioural test performance to underlying molecular mechanisms. Six-week supplementation with pure anthocyanins (2% w/w), administered throughout the learning phase of the task, improved both spatial and psychomotor performances in aged rats. Behavioural outputs were accompanied by changes in the expression profile of key proteins integral to synaptic function/maintenance, with upregulation of dystrophin, protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) and tyrosine hydroxylase, and downregulation of apoptotic proteins B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (Bcl-xL) and the phosphorylated rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (p-Raf). Separate immunoblot analysis supported these observations, indicating increased activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK1), Akt Ser473, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) Ser2448, activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg 3.1) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in response to anthocyanin treatment, whilst α-E-catenin, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1) and p38 protein levels decreased. Together, these findings suggest that purified anthocyanin consumption enhances spatial learning and motor coordination in aged animals and can be attributed to the modulation of key synaptic proteins, which support integrity and maintenance of synaptic function.

ACS Style

David Vauzour; Catarina Rendeiro; Alfonsina D’Amato; Pierre Waffo-Téguo; Tristan Richard; Jean Mérillon; Matthew Pontifex; Emily Connell; Michael Müller; Laurie Butler; Claire Williams; Jeremy Spencer. Anthocyanins Promote Learning through Modulation of Synaptic Plasticity Related Proteins in an Animal Model of Ageing. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1235 .

AMA Style

David Vauzour, Catarina Rendeiro, Alfonsina D’Amato, Pierre Waffo-Téguo, Tristan Richard, Jean Mérillon, Matthew Pontifex, Emily Connell, Michael Müller, Laurie Butler, Claire Williams, Jeremy Spencer. Anthocyanins Promote Learning through Modulation of Synaptic Plasticity Related Proteins in an Animal Model of Ageing. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (8):1235.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Vauzour; Catarina Rendeiro; Alfonsina D’Amato; Pierre Waffo-Téguo; Tristan Richard; Jean Mérillon; Matthew Pontifex; Emily Connell; Michael Müller; Laurie Butler; Claire Williams; Jeremy Spencer. 2021. "Anthocyanins Promote Learning through Modulation of Synaptic Plasticity Related Proteins in an Animal Model of Ageing." Antioxidants 10, no. 8: 1235.

Journal article
Published: 16 April 2021 in Pharmaceutics
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Onion-type multi-lamellar liposomes (MLLs), composed of a mixture of phosphatidylcholine and Tween 80, were analyzed for their ability to encapsulate ε-Viniferin (εVin), a resveratrol dimer. Their encapsulation efficiency (EE) was measured by UV-VIS spectroscopy using three different separation methods—ultracentrifugation, size exclusion chromatography, and a more original and advantageous one, based on adsorption filtration. The adsorption filtration method consists indeed of using syringe filters to retain the molecule of interest, and not the liposomes as usually performed. The process is rapid (less than 10 min), easy to handle, and inexpensive in terms of sample amount (around 2 mg of liposomes) and equipment (one syringe filter is required). Whatever the separation method, a similar EE value was determined, validating the proposed method. A total of 80% ± 4% of εVin was found to be encapsulated leading to a 6.1% payload, roughly twice those reported for resveratrol-loaded liposomes. Finally, the release kinetics of εVin from MLLs was followed for a 77 day period, demonstrating a slow release of the polyphenol.

ACS Style

Pauline Beaumont; Arnaud Courtois; Tristan Richard; Stéphanie Krisa; Chrystel Faure. Encapsulation of ε-Viniferin into Multi-Lamellar Liposomes: Development of a Rapid, Easy and Cost-Efficient Separation Method to Determine the Encapsulation Efficiency. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 566 .

AMA Style

Pauline Beaumont, Arnaud Courtois, Tristan Richard, Stéphanie Krisa, Chrystel Faure. Encapsulation of ε-Viniferin into Multi-Lamellar Liposomes: Development of a Rapid, Easy and Cost-Efficient Separation Method to Determine the Encapsulation Efficiency. Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13 (4):566.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pauline Beaumont; Arnaud Courtois; Tristan Richard; Stéphanie Krisa; Chrystel Faure. 2021. "Encapsulation of ε-Viniferin into Multi-Lamellar Liposomes: Development of a Rapid, Easy and Cost-Efficient Separation Method to Determine the Encapsulation Efficiency." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 4: 566.

Review
Published: 11 April 2021 in Trends in Food Science & Technology
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Stilbenes are a group of naturally occurring phenolic compounds. These compounds are synthetized by plants in response of biotic or abiotic stress situations. The major dietary sources of stilbenes for humans are grape berries and wine. To accurately identify and quantify these compounds, the research community has undertaken considerable efforts to optimise samples preparations and analytical methods. In addition, stilbenes are well-known to possess a wide range of biological activities for human health. One of the most recent and promising properties demonstrated by stilbenes are their anti-obesity effects. The principal objectives of this review are to address and discuss about: i) stilbenes in grape berries and wine, the factors that can modulate their concentrations and the most efficient sample preparation techniques and analytical methods used for their detection; ii) the most important investigations related to the in vitro and in vivo anti-obesity effects of grape and wine stilbenes and the associated molecular mechanisms. Stilbene concentration in grape and wines can vary substantially. The composition of stilbenes in red wine is much more complex than in white wine. Until today, more than 30 stilbenes have been identified in grapes and wines. The liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry is the most efficient method to investigate stilbene content. Regarding anti-obesity properties of stilbenes, a great number of in vitro and in vivo studies have allowed to demonstrate not only the positive implications of these bioactives but also the underlying mechanisms of the observed effects.

ACS Style

Nawel Benbouguerra; Ruth Hornedo-Ortega; François Garcia; Toni El Khawand; Cédric Saucier; Tristan Richard. Stilbenes in grape berries and wine and their potential role as anti-obesity agents: A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology 2021, 112, 362 -381.

AMA Style

Nawel Benbouguerra, Ruth Hornedo-Ortega, François Garcia, Toni El Khawand, Cédric Saucier, Tristan Richard. Stilbenes in grape berries and wine and their potential role as anti-obesity agents: A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2021; 112 ():362-381.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nawel Benbouguerra; Ruth Hornedo-Ortega; François Garcia; Toni El Khawand; Cédric Saucier; Tristan Richard. 2021. "Stilbenes in grape berries and wine and their potential role as anti-obesity agents: A review." Trends in Food Science & Technology 112, no. : 362-381.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2021 in Foods
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(1) Background: Both sensory quality and healthy attributes of Vitis vinifera grapes used for winemaking are closely related with the polyphenolic composition of their skins. (2) Methods: In this study, the polyphenolic characterization (flavan-3-ols, procyanidins, flavonols, stilbenes, anthocyanins) was investigated by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UPLC-QqQ-MS). Skins from Vitis vinifera Merlot, Tannat, and Syrah red grape varieties cultivated in the south of France at different stages of ripening in 2018 were used. The anti-inflammatory and the antioxidant potential of the extracts were evaluated by the measure of nitric oxide (NO) and the intracellular reactive oxygen species production (ROS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. (3) Results: 41 polyphenols were quantified in all samples. Generally, the flavan-3-ol and procyanidin content decreased during ripening whereas the anthocyanins and stilbenes increased. In addition, as a novelty of this work, a wide identification and characterization of monomeric and oligomeric stilbenes was assessed by using authentic standards isolated in our laboratory, some of them (parthenocissin A and miyabenol C) reported for the first time in Merlot, Tannat and Syrah cultivars. The before-veraison skin extracts of all studied varieties, exhibited higher NO and ROS productions inhibition (>50%) proving both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

ACS Style

Nawel Benbouguerra; Josep Valls-Fonayet; Stephanie Krisa; François Garcia; Cédric Saucier; Tristan Richard; Ruth Hornedo-Ortega. Polyphenolic Characterization of Merlot, Tannat and Syrah Skin Extracts at Different Degrees of Maturity and Anti-Inflammatory Potential in RAW 264.7 Cells. Foods 2021, 10, 541 .

AMA Style

Nawel Benbouguerra, Josep Valls-Fonayet, Stephanie Krisa, François Garcia, Cédric Saucier, Tristan Richard, Ruth Hornedo-Ortega. Polyphenolic Characterization of Merlot, Tannat and Syrah Skin Extracts at Different Degrees of Maturity and Anti-Inflammatory Potential in RAW 264.7 Cells. Foods. 2021; 10 (3):541.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nawel Benbouguerra; Josep Valls-Fonayet; Stephanie Krisa; François Garcia; Cédric Saucier; Tristan Richard; Ruth Hornedo-Ortega. 2021. "Polyphenolic Characterization of Merlot, Tannat and Syrah Skin Extracts at Different Degrees of Maturity and Anti-Inflammatory Potential in RAW 264.7 Cells." Foods 10, no. 3: 541.

Journal article
Published: 17 February 2021 in Journal of Functional Foods
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Sulfur dioxide is a controversial preservative used in winemaking. Given its potential toxicity, it is of great interest to find alternatives aimed at replacing or reducing sulfur dioxide. The objective was to assess the antioxidant effects of a grapevine-shoot extract with 99% of stilbenes (ST-99), its major compounds (trans-resveratrol and trans-ε-viniferin) and their mixture (1:3.9) by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels in vitro. Their ability to protect against or reverse the effects of H2O2 on cells were also studied. The results showed that ST-99, followed by trans-ε-viniferin and the mixture, were able to reduce ROS levels, increased GSH content and exhibited antioxidant ability against an induced oxidative stress. Trans-resveratrol significantly reduced ROS content only at the highest concentrations. ST-99 at non-cytotoxic concentrations is more effective than the other compounds, which might be attributed to increased levels of GSH. The results suggest a promising use of ST-99.

ACS Style

Concepción Medrano-Padial; María Puerto; Tristan Richard; Emma Cantos-Villar; Silvia Pichardo. Protection and reversion role of a pure stilbene extract from grapevine shoot and its major compounds against an induced oxidative stress. Journal of Functional Foods 2021, 79, 104393 .

AMA Style

Concepción Medrano-Padial, María Puerto, Tristan Richard, Emma Cantos-Villar, Silvia Pichardo. Protection and reversion role of a pure stilbene extract from grapevine shoot and its major compounds against an induced oxidative stress. Journal of Functional Foods. 2021; 79 ():104393.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Concepción Medrano-Padial; María Puerto; Tristan Richard; Emma Cantos-Villar; Silvia Pichardo. 2021. "Protection and reversion role of a pure stilbene extract from grapevine shoot and its major compounds against an induced oxidative stress." Journal of Functional Foods 79, no. : 104393.

Research article
Published: 02 February 2021 in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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Three recognized plant defense stimulators (PDS), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), benzothiadiazole (BTH) and phosphonates (PHOS), were sprayed on grapevine Vitis vinifera cuttings and conferred resistance to the biotrophic pathogen Plasmopara viticola. The effects on molecular defense-related genes and polyphenol content (stilbenes and flavanols) were revealed at 6 and 8 days post-elicitation. The transcript accumulation was consistent with the signaling pathway specific to the elicitor, salicylic acid for BTH, and jasmonic acid for MeJA, with some cross-talks. PHOS tended to modulate the defense responses like BTH. Moreover, in response to a downy mildew inoculation, the leaves pre-treated with PHOS and BTH overproduced pterostilbene, and after MeJA treatment, piceids and ε-viniferin, compared to uninoculated elicitor-treated leaves. These results provide evidence of the different modes of action of PDS and their role in sustainable viticulture.

ACS Style

Aleksandra Burdziej; Anthony Bellée; Enora Bodin; Josep Valls Fonayet; Noël Magnin; Anna Szakiel; Tristan Richard; Stéphanie Cluzet; Marie-France Corio-Costet. Three Types of Elicitors Induce Grapevine Resistance against Downy Mildew via Common and Specific Immune Responses. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2021, 69, 1 .

AMA Style

Aleksandra Burdziej, Anthony Bellée, Enora Bodin, Josep Valls Fonayet, Noël Magnin, Anna Szakiel, Tristan Richard, Stéphanie Cluzet, Marie-France Corio-Costet. Three Types of Elicitors Induce Grapevine Resistance against Downy Mildew via Common and Specific Immune Responses. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2021; 69 (6):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aleksandra Burdziej; Anthony Bellée; Enora Bodin; Josep Valls Fonayet; Noël Magnin; Anna Szakiel; Tristan Richard; Stéphanie Cluzet; Marie-France Corio-Costet. 2021. "Three Types of Elicitors Induce Grapevine Resistance against Downy Mildew via Common and Specific Immune Responses." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 69, no. 6: 1.

Journal article
Published: 04 January 2021 in OENO One
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Grapevine canes are vine growing byproducts studied for their antimicrobial activities. These properties are directly connected to the stilbene content; oligomeric stilbenes being the most active. In this study, we propose a chemical process, based on oxidative coupling, using metals to increase the oligostilbene rate and the biological effectivity of cane extract against grapevine pathogens. A total of ten compounds were obtained and identified by combining LCMS and NMR spectroscopies, including four newly reported compounds: trans-oxistilbenin C, trans-oxistilbenin D, and cis- and trans-oxistilbenin E. The extract and the main stilbene formed were evaluated for their preventive effects on Plasmopara viticola and Botrytis cinerea growth. The processed extract was highly effective against both pathogens.

ACS Style

Tristan Richard; Toni El Khawand; David Taillis; Grégory Da Costa; Eric Pedrot; Stéphanie Cluzet; Alain Decendit; Josep Valls Fonayet. Chemical process to improve natural grapevine-cane extract effectivity against powdery mildew and grey mould. OENO One 2021, 55, 81 -91.

AMA Style

Tristan Richard, Toni El Khawand, David Taillis, Grégory Da Costa, Eric Pedrot, Stéphanie Cluzet, Alain Decendit, Josep Valls Fonayet. Chemical process to improve natural grapevine-cane extract effectivity against powdery mildew and grey mould. OENO One. 2021; 55 (1):81-91.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tristan Richard; Toni El Khawand; David Taillis; Grégory Da Costa; Eric Pedrot; Stéphanie Cluzet; Alain Decendit; Josep Valls Fonayet. 2021. "Chemical process to improve natural grapevine-cane extract effectivity against powdery mildew and grey mould." OENO One 55, no. 1: 81-91.

Book chapter
Published: 19 December 2020 in Advances in Botanical Research
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Wine is an extremely sophisticated chemical matrix in which the harmonious equilibria between many components (alcohols, acids, aromas, polyphenols, etc.) determine its final quality and value. The study of wine composition by metabolomic tools, referred as Wineomics, has emerged as a revolutionary approach to unravel the chemical space of wines and to associate wine composition with important viticultural and enological traits including grape variety, geographical origin, terroir or typicity. One of the most promising applications of metabolomic tools for wine analysis is the study of wine traceability and authenticity, a major issue for the wine industry and consumers. These studies are extremely complex, because counterfeits are becoming more sophisticated and they require powerful techniques capable to detect subtle differences between wines. In this chapter, we describe the targeted and untargeted approaches by Mass and NMR spectrometry-based metabolomics as well as some recent examples of their abilities in wine authenticity studies.

ACS Style

Josep Valls Fonayet; Grégoire Loupit; Tristan Richard. MS- and NMR-metabolomic tools for the discrimination of wines: Applications for authenticity. Advances in Botanical Research 2020, 297 -357.

AMA Style

Josep Valls Fonayet, Grégoire Loupit, Tristan Richard. MS- and NMR-metabolomic tools for the discrimination of wines: Applications for authenticity. Advances in Botanical Research. 2020; ():297-357.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Josep Valls Fonayet; Grégoire Loupit; Tristan Richard. 2020. "MS- and NMR-metabolomic tools for the discrimination of wines: Applications for authenticity." Advances in Botanical Research , no. : 297-357.

Journal article
Published: 27 November 2020 in Molecules
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Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative disease of the retina where the molecular mechanism involves the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a factor of poor prognosis of the progression of the disease. Previous studies have shown that resveratrol, a polyphenol of grapevines, can prevent VEGF secretion induced by stress from retinal cells. Considering the fundamental role played by VEGF in development and progression of AMD, we investigate the potential effect of red wine extract (RWE) on VEGF secretion and its signaling pathway in human retinal cells ARPE-19. To examine the effect of RWE in ARPE-19, a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the RWE was performed by HPLC MS/MS. We show for the first time that RWE decreased VEGF-A secretion from ARPE-19 cells and its protein expression in concentration-dependent manner. RWE-induced alteration in VEGF-A production is associated with a down of VEGF-receptor 2 (VEGF-R2) protein expression and its phosphorylated intracytoplasmic domain. Subsequently, the activation of kinase pathway is disturbing and RWE prevents the phosphorylation of MEK and ERK 1/2 in human retinal cells ARPE-19. Finally, this study sheds light on the interest that the use of polyphenolic cocktails could represent in a prevention strategy.

ACS Style

Clarisse Cornebise; Flavie Courtaut; Marie Taillandier-Coindard; Josep Valls-Fonayet; Tristan Richard; David Monchaud; Virginie Aires; Dominique Delmas. Red Wine Extract Inhibits VEGF Secretion and Its Signaling Pathway in Retinal ARPE-19 Cells to Potentially Disrupt AMD. Molecules 2020, 25, 5564 .

AMA Style

Clarisse Cornebise, Flavie Courtaut, Marie Taillandier-Coindard, Josep Valls-Fonayet, Tristan Richard, David Monchaud, Virginie Aires, Dominique Delmas. Red Wine Extract Inhibits VEGF Secretion and Its Signaling Pathway in Retinal ARPE-19 Cells to Potentially Disrupt AMD. Molecules. 2020; 25 (23):5564.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Clarisse Cornebise; Flavie Courtaut; Marie Taillandier-Coindard; Josep Valls-Fonayet; Tristan Richard; David Monchaud; Virginie Aires; Dominique Delmas. 2020. "Red Wine Extract Inhibits VEGF Secretion and Its Signaling Pathway in Retinal ARPE-19 Cells to Potentially Disrupt AMD." Molecules 25, no. 23: 5564.

Journal article
Published: 05 November 2020 in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
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Asian and American Vitis species possess a strong potential for crossbreeding programs, owing to their several resistance properties. Stilbenes are phenolic compounds present in grape berries and are well-known for their main role as phytoalexins and resistance to biotic stresses in plants. However, their identification and quantification in grape berries from wild Vitis remains unexplored. A mass spectrometry multiple reaction monitoring method combined with the analysis of pure standards allowed for the unambiguous characterization of 20 stilbenes in the grape berry skin extracts of nine native Vitis species and one cultivated Vitis vinifera species (cv. Cabernet Sauvignon). A main occurrence of monomeric (Z-piceid, E-piceid, E-isorhapontin, and E-astringin), dimeric (E-ε-viniferin, Z-ε-viniferin, and pallidol), and oligomeric (isohopeaphenol and r-viniferin) stilbenes was highlighted. Some stilbenes were clearly characterized for the first time in grape berries, such as the dimers ampelopsin A, E-vitisinol C, and parthenocissin A as well as the tetramers r2-viniferin and r-viniferin. Stilbene composition and content varied widely among several Vitis species and vintage years.

ACS Style

Julien Gabaston; Josep Valls Fonayet; Céline Franc; Pierre Waffo-Teguo; Gilles de Revel; Ghislaine Hilbert; Eric Gomès; Tristan Richard; Jean-Michel Mérillon. Characterization of Stilbene Composition in Grape Berries from Wild Vitis Species in Year-To-Year Harvest. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2020, 68, 13408 -13417.

AMA Style

Julien Gabaston, Josep Valls Fonayet, Céline Franc, Pierre Waffo-Teguo, Gilles de Revel, Ghislaine Hilbert, Eric Gomès, Tristan Richard, Jean-Michel Mérillon. Characterization of Stilbene Composition in Grape Berries from Wild Vitis Species in Year-To-Year Harvest. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2020; 68 (47):13408-13417.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Julien Gabaston; Josep Valls Fonayet; Céline Franc; Pierre Waffo-Teguo; Gilles de Revel; Ghislaine Hilbert; Eric Gomès; Tristan Richard; Jean-Michel Mérillon. 2020. "Characterization of Stilbene Composition in Grape Berries from Wild Vitis Species in Year-To-Year Harvest." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 68, no. 47: 13408-13417.

Journal article
Published: 16 October 2020 in Foods
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In the courses of studies on ellagitannin changes during oak wood toasting, two C-glycosidic ellagitannins were isolated from the french oak wood for the first time. These two compounds exhibited [M−H]− ion peak at m/z 1055.0631 (compound A) and at m/z 1011.0756 (compound B). A compound is named Castacrenin E and is produced by Castacrenin D oxidation. Castacrenin D is a vescalagin with an additional aromating ring to the C-1 through a C-C bond. These compounds are not only found under laboratory conditions but also in commercial oak wood representing different toasting methods and sizes. Their levels are conditioned by oak wood dimensions and toasting degree. The wood pieces with the smallest size present almost two times more compounds A and B. Moreover, the compound B is the only compound to be present in medium toasting temperatures of the smallest wood pieces. Both of them can influence either astringency sensation or bitterness taste.

ACS Style

Kleopatra Chira; Laura Anguellu; Gregory Da Costa; Tristan Richard; Eric Pedrot; Michael Jourdes; Pierre-Louis Teissedre. New C-Glycosidic Ellagitannins Formed upon Oak Wood Toasting; Identification and Sensory Evaluation. Foods 2020, 9, 1477 .

AMA Style

Kleopatra Chira, Laura Anguellu, Gregory Da Costa, Tristan Richard, Eric Pedrot, Michael Jourdes, Pierre-Louis Teissedre. New C-Glycosidic Ellagitannins Formed upon Oak Wood Toasting; Identification and Sensory Evaluation. Foods. 2020; 9 (10):1477.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kleopatra Chira; Laura Anguellu; Gregory Da Costa; Tristan Richard; Eric Pedrot; Michael Jourdes; Pierre-Louis Teissedre. 2020. "New C-Glycosidic Ellagitannins Formed upon Oak Wood Toasting; Identification and Sensory Evaluation." Foods 9, no. 10: 1477.

Journal article
Published: 08 October 2020 in Food Control
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Grapevine shoots, known to be a source of bioactive stilbenes, are considered one of the most important and abundant waste products from the vineyard. The objective of this study was to obtain a pure stilbene extract from grapevine shoots and test its properties, mainly antimicrobial ones, as a preservative in wine. A new extract with a purity of 99% in stilbenes was obtained by centrifugal partition chromatography. The extract was characterized by HPLC-MS, the main compounds being E-ε-viniferin (70%) and E-resveratrol (18%). The stability conditions for the extract solution were low temperature (4 °C) and darkness for a maximum of 21 days. Data regarding to the stability of E-ϵ-viniferin, ω-viniferin and r-viniferin are reported first. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was higher against yeast (Brettanomyces bruxellensis, Zygosaccharomyces bailli, Haseniaspora uvarum, Candida zemplinina) than against bacteria (Lactobacillus hilgardii, Oenococcus oeni, Pediococcus pentasaceus). The best antimicrobial activity was found on Brettanomyces bruxellensis and Zygossaccharomyces bailli. The aromatic characterization of the extract allows us to establish that it does not affect the sensory properties of wine, and thus wine quality is not compromised with the addition of the extract. All of the above allow us to propose ST99 as a promising alternative to SO2 in wines, including rose and white wines.

ACS Style

Rocío Gutiérrez-Escobar; María I. Fernández-Marín; Tristan Richard; Ana Fernández-Morales; María Carbú; Cristina Cebrian-Tarancón; María Jesús Torija; Belén Puertas; Emma Cantos-Villar. Development and characterization of a pure stilbene extract from grapevine shoots for use as a preservative in wine. Food Control 2020, 121, 107684 .

AMA Style

Rocío Gutiérrez-Escobar, María I. Fernández-Marín, Tristan Richard, Ana Fernández-Morales, María Carbú, Cristina Cebrian-Tarancón, María Jesús Torija, Belén Puertas, Emma Cantos-Villar. Development and characterization of a pure stilbene extract from grapevine shoots for use as a preservative in wine. Food Control. 2020; 121 ():107684.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rocío Gutiérrez-Escobar; María I. Fernández-Marín; Tristan Richard; Ana Fernández-Morales; María Carbú; Cristina Cebrian-Tarancón; María Jesús Torija; Belén Puertas; Emma Cantos-Villar. 2020. "Development and characterization of a pure stilbene extract from grapevine shoots for use as a preservative in wine." Food Control 121, no. : 107684.

Journal article
Published: 24 September 2020 in Food Research International
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The use of stilbenes has been proposed as an alternative to sulfur dioxide in wine. Provided the feasibility from a technological approach, the cytotoxicity of an extract from grapevine shoots containing a stilbene richness of 99% (ST-99 extract) was assessed in the human cell lines HepG2 and Caco-2. In addition, the effects of the main stilbenes found in ST-99, trans-resveratrol and trans-ε-viniferin were studied, as well as its mixture. Similar cytotoxic effects were obtained in the exposures to trans-ε-viniferin, ST-99 and the mixture; however, trans-resveratrol alone exerted less toxicity. When HepG2 cells were exposed to trans-ε-viniferin, ST-99 and the mixture, the mean effective concentration (EC50) were 28.28 ± 2.15, 31.91 ± 1.55 and 29.47 ± 3.54 µg/mL, respectively. However, in the exposure to trans-resveratrol, the EC50 was higher 50µ/mL. The morphological study evidenced damage at ultrastructural level in HepG2 cells, highlighting the inhibition of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis. The type of interaction produced by trans-ε-viniferin and trans-resveratrol mixtures was assessed by an isobologram analysis using the CalcuSyn software, evidencing an antagonist effect. These data comprise a starting point in the toxicological assessment; further studies are needed in this field to assure the safety of the extract ST-99.

ACS Style

Concepción Medrano-Padial; María Puerto; María Del Mar Merchán-Gragero; Francisco Javier Moreno; Tristan Richard; Emma Cantos-Villar; Silvia Pichardo. Cytotoxicity studies of a stilbene extract and its main components intended to be used as preservative in the wine industry. Food Research International 2020, 137, 109738 .

AMA Style

Concepción Medrano-Padial, María Puerto, María Del Mar Merchán-Gragero, Francisco Javier Moreno, Tristan Richard, Emma Cantos-Villar, Silvia Pichardo. Cytotoxicity studies of a stilbene extract and its main components intended to be used as preservative in the wine industry. Food Research International. 2020; 137 ():109738.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Concepción Medrano-Padial; María Puerto; María Del Mar Merchán-Gragero; Francisco Javier Moreno; Tristan Richard; Emma Cantos-Villar; Silvia Pichardo. 2020. "Cytotoxicity studies of a stilbene extract and its main components intended to be used as preservative in the wine industry." Food Research International 137, no. : 109738.

Journal article
Published: 27 August 2020 in Antioxidants
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Skin and seed grape extracts of three red varieties (Merlot, Tannat, and Syrah) at different stages of ripening were studied for their total phenolic content (TPC) by using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and for their total antioxidant capacity (TAC) by using spectrophotometric and electrochemical assays. Flavanol and anthocyanin compositions were also investigated using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Results showed that seeds had the highest phenolic content and the highest antioxidant potential compared to skins at all stages of ripening. The highest TPC and TAC values were measured in seeds at close to veraison and veraison ripening stages. In skins, the highest values were found at the green stage, it was in accordance with the flavanols content. The voltammetric measurements were carried out using disposable single walled carbon nanotubes modified screen-printed carbon electrodes (SWCNT-SPCE). Three peaks on voltammograms were obtained at different oxidation potentials. The first anodic peak that oxidized at a low potential describes the oxidation of ortho-dihydroxy phenols and gallate groups, the second peak corresponds to the malvidin anthocyanins oxidation and the second oxidation of flavonoids. The third voltammetric peak could be due to phenolic acids such as p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid or the second oxidation of malvidin anthocyanins. The high linear correlation was observed between antioxidant tests and flavanols in skins (0.86 ≤ r ≤ 0.94), while in seeds, ‘r’ was higher between electrochemical parameters and flavanols (0.64 ≤ r ≤ 0.8).

ACS Style

Nawel Benbouguerra; Tristan Richard; Cédric Saucier; François Garcia. Voltammetric Behavior, Flavanol and Anthocyanin Contents, and Antioxidant Capacity of Grape Skins and Seeds during Ripening (Vitis vinifera var. Merlot, Tannat, and Syrah). Antioxidants 2020, 9, 800 .

AMA Style

Nawel Benbouguerra, Tristan Richard, Cédric Saucier, François Garcia. Voltammetric Behavior, Flavanol and Anthocyanin Contents, and Antioxidant Capacity of Grape Skins and Seeds during Ripening (Vitis vinifera var. Merlot, Tannat, and Syrah). Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (9):800.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nawel Benbouguerra; Tristan Richard; Cédric Saucier; François Garcia. 2020. "Voltammetric Behavior, Flavanol and Anthocyanin Contents, and Antioxidant Capacity of Grape Skins and Seeds during Ripening (Vitis vinifera var. Merlot, Tannat, and Syrah)." Antioxidants 9, no. 9: 800.

Review
Published: 17 August 2020 in Biomolecules
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Grapevine canes are viticulture waste that is usually discarded without any further use. However, recent studies have shown that they contain significant concentrations of health-promoting compounds, such as stilbenes, secondary metabolites of plants produced as a response to biotic and abiotic stress from fungal disease or dryness. Stilbenes have been associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial properties and they have been tested as potential treatments of cardiovascular and neurological diseases, and even cancer, with promising results. Stilbenes have been described in the different genus of the Vitaceae family, the Vitis genera being one of the most widely studied due to its important applications and economic impact around the world. This review presents an in-depth study of the composition and concentration of stilbenes in grapevine canes. The results show that the concentration of stilbenes in grapevine canes is highly influenced by the Vitis genus and cultivar aspects (growing conditions, ultraviolet radiation, fungal attack, etc.). Different methods for extracting stilbenes from grapevine canes have been reviewed, and the extraction conditions have also been studied, underlining the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. After the stilbenes were extracted, they were analyzed to determine the stilbene composition and concentration. Analytical techniques have been employed with this aim, in most cases using liquid chromatography, coupled with others such as mass spectrometry and/or nuclear magnetic resonance to achieve the individual quantification. Finally, stilbene extracts may be applied in multiple fields based on their properties. The five most relevant are preservative, antifungal, insecticide, and biostimulant applications. The current state-of-the-art of the above applications and their prospects are discussed.

ACS Style

María José Aliaño-González; Tristan Richard; Emma Cantos-Villar. Grapevine Cane Extracts: Raw Plant Material, Extraction Methods, Quantification, and Applications. Biomolecules 2020, 10, 1195 .

AMA Style

María José Aliaño-González, Tristan Richard, Emma Cantos-Villar. Grapevine Cane Extracts: Raw Plant Material, Extraction Methods, Quantification, and Applications. Biomolecules. 2020; 10 (8):1195.

Chicago/Turabian Style

María José Aliaño-González; Tristan Richard; Emma Cantos-Villar. 2020. "Grapevine Cane Extracts: Raw Plant Material, Extraction Methods, Quantification, and Applications." Biomolecules 10, no. 8: 1195.

Journal article
Published: 11 August 2020 in Industrial Crops and Products
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Raúl F. Guerrero; María José Aliaño-González; Belén Puertas; Tristan Richard; Emma Cantos-Villar. Comparative analysis of stilbene concentration in grapevine shoots of thirteen Vitis during a three-year study. Industrial Crops and Products 2020, 156, 1 .

AMA Style

Raúl F. Guerrero, María José Aliaño-González, Belén Puertas, Tristan Richard, Emma Cantos-Villar. Comparative analysis of stilbene concentration in grapevine shoots of thirteen Vitis during a three-year study. Industrial Crops and Products. 2020; 156 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raúl F. Guerrero; María José Aliaño-González; Belén Puertas; Tristan Richard; Emma Cantos-Villar. 2020. "Comparative analysis of stilbene concentration in grapevine shoots of thirteen Vitis during a three-year study." Industrial Crops and Products 156, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 22 July 2020 in Biomolecules
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The present study aimed to screen grape extracts as novel α-glucosidase inhibitors to prevent type-2 diabetes and hyperglycemia. The total polyphenol content (TPC) was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu assay and the stilbene, anthocyanin and flavan-3-ol compounds were measured by Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). The α-glucosidase inhibitory of seed and skin Tannat grape extracts at four ripening stages were investigated. The highest TPC values were measured in seeds at the “veraison stage” (65.29 ± 5.33 g of Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) per kilogram of Fresh Weight (FW)). This was in accordance with the high flavan-3-ol contents measured for these two extracts (43.22 ± 2.59 and 45.45 ± 6.48 g/kg of seeds FW, respectively). The skin and seed extracts at the first stage of ripening exerted strong α-glucosidase inhibition, exceeding 95% (p < 0.05). A high linear correlation (R = 0.723, p ≤ 0.05) was observed between flavan-3-ol contents and the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The stilbene contents and this activity were moderately to strongly anti-correlated (R = –0.828, p ≤ 0.05 for trans-resveratrol). The enzyme kinetic studies revealed a mixed type of inhibition. This study brings promising results for the therapeutic potential of seed and skin Tannat grape extracts as a functional food product with anti-diabetic activity.

ACS Style

Auriane Dudoit; Nawel Benbouguerra; Tristan Richard; Ruth Hornedo-Ortega; Josep Valls-Fonayet; Gaëlle Coussot; Cédric Saucier. α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Tannat Grape Phenolic Extracts in Relation to Their Ripening Stages. Biomolecules 2020, 10, 1088 .

AMA Style

Auriane Dudoit, Nawel Benbouguerra, Tristan Richard, Ruth Hornedo-Ortega, Josep Valls-Fonayet, Gaëlle Coussot, Cédric Saucier. α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Tannat Grape Phenolic Extracts in Relation to Their Ripening Stages. Biomolecules. 2020; 10 (8):1088.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Auriane Dudoit; Nawel Benbouguerra; Tristan Richard; Ruth Hornedo-Ortega; Josep Valls-Fonayet; Gaëlle Coussot; Cédric Saucier. 2020. "α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Tannat Grape Phenolic Extracts in Relation to Their Ripening Stages." Biomolecules 10, no. 8: 1088.

Journal article
Published: 06 July 2020 in Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy
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Alzheimer disease’s (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease induced by amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation and accumulation of neurotoxic metals in the brain. Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. (Oleaceae) is a Mediterranean plant traditionally used to treat several human problems as nervous system problems. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of F. angustifolia Vahl. bark extract (FAB) in vitro and in vivo against Aβ-aggregation and aluminium induced-neurotoxicity in mice. FAB was characterized by colorimetric methods and its individual compounds were identified and quantified by LC–MS. First, the neuroprotective effect of FAB was evaluated against Aβ25−35-aggregation where it was directly incubated with Aβ25−35 and the kinetic of aggregation was measured by spectrophotometer at 200 nm. Then, the extract was tested against Aβ25−35-induced cytotoxicity on PC12 cells and the cells viability was determined by MTT test. On the other hand, FAB (0.01−0.5 mg/mL) was tested against aluminium-activated lipid peroxidation in mice synaptosomal membranes, and in vivo against aluminium-caused neurotoxicity in male N.M.R.I. (Naval Medical Research Institute) mice; this test consisted of daily co-administration of the extract with Al for 60 days. At the end of the treatment, behavioral and memory tests (locomotor activity, black and white and Morris water maze tests) and histological analysis were realized. The identification and quantification of FAB phenolics revealed the presence of different phenolic classes with high concentration of phenylethanoids and hydroxycoumarins. FAB showed a high Aβ25−35 anti-aggregative effect and a dose dependent protective effect on PC12 cells. The extract also demonstrated a significant inhibition of lipid peroxidation and was found to prevent the Al harmful effects where it significantly increased the locomotor activity, decreased the anxiety, improved memory and reduced histological alterations. In conclusion, FAB is rich of bioactive compounds that gave it the ability to inhibit Aβ-aggregation and Al-caused neurotoxicity in mice.

ACS Style

Lila Azib; Nadjet Debbache-Benaida; Gregory Da Costa; Dina Atmani-Kilani; Naima Saidene; Ghania Bouguellid; Asma Ourabah; Stephanie Krisa; Tristan Richard; Djebbar Atmani. Neuroprotective effects of Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. bark extract against Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 2020, 109, 101848 .

AMA Style

Lila Azib, Nadjet Debbache-Benaida, Gregory Da Costa, Dina Atmani-Kilani, Naima Saidene, Ghania Bouguellid, Asma Ourabah, Stephanie Krisa, Tristan Richard, Djebbar Atmani. Neuroprotective effects of Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. bark extract against Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. 2020; 109 ():101848.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lila Azib; Nadjet Debbache-Benaida; Gregory Da Costa; Dina Atmani-Kilani; Naima Saidene; Ghania Bouguellid; Asma Ourabah; Stephanie Krisa; Tristan Richard; Djebbar Atmani. 2020. "Neuroprotective effects of Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl. bark extract against Alzheimer’s disease." Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 109, no. : 101848.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2020 in Antioxidants
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The characterization of bioactive resveratrol oligomers extracted from Vitis vinifera canes has been recently reported. Here, we screened six of these compounds (ampelopsin A, trans-ε-viniferin, hopeaphenol, isohopeaphenol, R2-viniferin, and R-viniferin) for their cytotoxic activity to human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines p53 wild-type HepG2 and p53-null Hep3B. The cytotoxic efficacy depended on the cell line. R2-viniferin was the most toxic stilbene in HepG2, with inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) of 9.7 ± 0.4 µM at 72 h, 3-fold lower than for resveratrol, while Hep3B was less sensitive (IC50 of 47.8 ± 2.8 µM). By contrast, hopeaphenol (IC50 of 13.1 ± 4.1 µM) and isohopeaphenol (IC50 of 26.0 ± 3.0 µM) were more toxic to Hep3B. Due to these results, and because it did not exert a large cytotoxicity in HH4 non-transformed hepatocytes, R2-viniferin was selected to investigate its mechanism of action in HepG2. The stilbene tended to arrest cell cycle at G2/M, and it also increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase 3 activity, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 proteins, indicative of apoptosis. The distinctive toxicity of R2-viniferin on HepG2 encourages research into the underlying mechanism to develop the oligostilbene as a therapeutic agent against HCC with a particular genetic background.

ACS Style

Iris Aja; M. Begoña Ruiz-Larrea; Arnaud Courtois; Stéphanie Krisa; Tristan Richard; José-Ignacio Ruiz-Sanz. Screening of Natural Stilbene Oligomers from Vitis vinifera for Anticancer Activity on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 469 .

AMA Style

Iris Aja, M. Begoña Ruiz-Larrea, Arnaud Courtois, Stéphanie Krisa, Tristan Richard, José-Ignacio Ruiz-Sanz. Screening of Natural Stilbene Oligomers from Vitis vinifera for Anticancer Activity on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (6):469.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iris Aja; M. Begoña Ruiz-Larrea; Arnaud Courtois; Stéphanie Krisa; Tristan Richard; José-Ignacio Ruiz-Sanz. 2020. "Screening of Natural Stilbene Oligomers from Vitis vinifera for Anticancer Activity on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells." Antioxidants 9, no. 6: 469.

Research article
Published: 18 April 2020 in Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
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Scope It is well established that immune response and inflammation promote tumoral progression. Immune cells communicate through direct contact or through cytokine secretion, and it is the expression of these mediators and of the pro‐inflammatory status that will tip the balance toward tumor progression or anti‐tumor immunity. We have demonstrated that a red wine extract (RWE) was able to decrease inflammation through its action on the inflammasome complex. In this study, we sought to determine whether an RWE could impact other key actors of inflammation, in particular T helper 17 (Th17) immune cells. Methods and results Using an RWE containing 4.16 g of polyphenols/liter of wine, we showed that RWE decreased colorectal cancer cells (SW620, HCT116, MC38 and CT26) in vitro and that RWE induced a reduction in colorectal tumor growth associated with a decrease in tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in vivo. The process of T‐lymphocyte differentiation in Th17 cells was altered by RWE, as revealed by the decrease in the expression of key actors controlling this process, such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and retinoid acid‐related orphan receptorγt. This disruption was associated with an inhibition of inflammatory interleukin 17 secretion. Conclusion The data highlighted the major involvement of Th17 immune cells in the biological effects of an RWE. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

ACS Style

Pauline Chalons; Flavie Courtaut; Emeric Limagne; Fanny Chalmin; Emma Cantos‐Villar; Tristan Richard; Cyril Auger; Philippe Chabert; Valérie Schini‐Kerth; François Ghiringhelli; Virginie Aires; Dominique Delmas. Red Wine Extract Disrupts Th17 Lymphocyte Differentiation in a Colorectal Cancer Context. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 2020, 64, e1901286 .

AMA Style

Pauline Chalons, Flavie Courtaut, Emeric Limagne, Fanny Chalmin, Emma Cantos‐Villar, Tristan Richard, Cyril Auger, Philippe Chabert, Valérie Schini‐Kerth, François Ghiringhelli, Virginie Aires, Dominique Delmas. Red Wine Extract Disrupts Th17 Lymphocyte Differentiation in a Colorectal Cancer Context. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. 2020; 64 (11):e1901286.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pauline Chalons; Flavie Courtaut; Emeric Limagne; Fanny Chalmin; Emma Cantos‐Villar; Tristan Richard; Cyril Auger; Philippe Chabert; Valérie Schini‐Kerth; François Ghiringhelli; Virginie Aires; Dominique Delmas. 2020. "Red Wine Extract Disrupts Th17 Lymphocyte Differentiation in a Colorectal Cancer Context." Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 64, no. 11: e1901286.