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The use of solar air heaters (SAH) for the collection and effective utilization of solar radiations for thermal applications is widely reported in the literature. The current article aimed to present a comprehensive literature review on history, fundamentals and the latest advancement reported in the field of solar thermal air heating systems. Various designs of solar collectors viz, evacuated tube, flat plate, multiple passages, a cross-section of the flow passage, etc. are reported and discussed. Techniques which are used for performance enhancement of SAHs such as artificial roughness, fins, baffles, vortex generators, etc. are discussed and a comparative performance assessment has been carried to identify thermohydraulic performance parameter to select the optimum configuration that can be further used for applications. A few key recommendations are also concluded from the literature for the effective design and implementation of the SAHs.
Varun Goel; V.S. Hans; Sukhmeet Singh; Rajneesh Kumar; Sudhir Kumar Pathak; Mohit Singla; Suvanjan Bhattacharyya; Eydhah Almatrafi; R.S. Gill; R.P. Saini. A comprehensive study on the progressive development and applications of solar air heaters. Solar Energy 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleVarun Goel, V.S. Hans, Sukhmeet Singh, Rajneesh Kumar, Sudhir Kumar Pathak, Mohit Singla, Suvanjan Bhattacharyya, Eydhah Almatrafi, R.S. Gill, R.P. Saini. A comprehensive study on the progressive development and applications of solar air heaters. Solar Energy. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVarun Goel; V.S. Hans; Sukhmeet Singh; Rajneesh Kumar; Sudhir Kumar Pathak; Mohit Singla; Suvanjan Bhattacharyya; Eydhah Almatrafi; R.S. Gill; R.P. Saini. 2021. "A comprehensive study on the progressive development and applications of solar air heaters." Solar Energy , no. : 1.
With the gradual increase of microplastics in the water environment, it is imperative to understand the removal characteristics of microplastics in the current treatment process. Electrocoagulation (EC) is an effective water treatment technology. The purpose of this study is to investigate the removal performance, mechanism and influencing factors of microplastics in wastewater treatment by EC. The impacts of wastewater properties, including initial pH, electrolyte concentration, applied voltage density, anode materials, microplastic type and microplastic concentrations, on the removal efficiency of microplastics by EC were systematically investigated. The findings showed that aluminum anode was better than iron anode in the removal of microplastics, and the removal rate of was above 80% in all experiments, which indicates that aluminum anode EC is an effective method to remove microplastics in wastewater. The removal rate of four microplastics by EC can reach more than 82% in the range of pH 3–10, and the best removal rate was 93.2% for PE, 91.7% for PMMA, 98.2% for CA and 98.4% for PP at pH 7.2. The removal efficiency of fiber microplastics by EC is better than that of granular microplastics. The microplastic removal efficiency increased with the increase of electrolyte concentration and applied voltage density. Additionally, microplastics undergo flocculation and charge neutralization at the same time during EC. The economic evaluation of the reactor operation cost showed that the optimal EC reaction conditions were: 0.05 M of electrolyte concentration, pH 7.2, 10 V of applied voltage density and Al anode. Further research should focus on the possible reactor design and improvement to optimize the process and realize the replication and transfer from the laboratory to the sewage treatment plant.
Maocai Shen; Yaxing Zhang; Eydhah Almatrafi; Tong Hu; Chengyun Zhou; Biao Song; Zhuotong Zeng; Guangming Zeng. Efficient removal of microplastics from wastewater by an electrocoagulation process. Chemical Engineering Journal 2021, 428, 131161 .
AMA StyleMaocai Shen, Yaxing Zhang, Eydhah Almatrafi, Tong Hu, Chengyun Zhou, Biao Song, Zhuotong Zeng, Guangming Zeng. Efficient removal of microplastics from wastewater by an electrocoagulation process. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2021; 428 ():131161.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaocai Shen; Yaxing Zhang; Eydhah Almatrafi; Tong Hu; Chengyun Zhou; Biao Song; Zhuotong Zeng; Guangming Zeng. 2021. "Efficient removal of microplastics from wastewater by an electrocoagulation process." Chemical Engineering Journal 428, no. : 131161.
In the present study, the heat transfer and thermal performance of a helical corrugation with perforated circular disc solar air-heater tubes are predicted using a machine learning regression technique. This paper describes a statistical analysis of heat transfer by developing an artificial neural network-based machine learning model. The effects of variation in the corrugation angle (θ), perforation ratio (k), corrugation pitch ratio (y), perforated disc pitch ratio (s), and Reynolds number have been analyzed. An artificial neural network model is used for regression analysis to predict the heat transfer in terms of Nusselt number and thermohydraulic efficiency, and the results showed high prediction accuracies. The artificial neural network model is robust and precise, and can be used by thermal system design engineers for predicting output variables. Two different models are trained based on the features of experimental data, which provide an estimation of experimental output based on user-defined input parameters. The models are evaluated to have an accuracy of 97.00% on unknown test data. These models will help the researchers working in heat transfer enhancement-based experiments to understand and predict the output. As a result, the time and cost of the experiments will reduce.
Suvanjan Bhattacharyya; Debraj Sarkar; Rahul Roy; Shramona Chakraborty; Varun Goel; Eydhah Almatrafi. Application of New Artificial Neural Network to Predict Heat Transfer and Thermal Performance of a Solar Air-Heater Tube. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7477 .
AMA StyleSuvanjan Bhattacharyya, Debraj Sarkar, Rahul Roy, Shramona Chakraborty, Varun Goel, Eydhah Almatrafi. Application of New Artificial Neural Network to Predict Heat Transfer and Thermal Performance of a Solar Air-Heater Tube. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7477.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuvanjan Bhattacharyya; Debraj Sarkar; Rahul Roy; Shramona Chakraborty; Varun Goel; Eydhah Almatrafi. 2021. "Application of New Artificial Neural Network to Predict Heat Transfer and Thermal Performance of a Solar Air-Heater Tube." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7477.
A solar powered trigeneration system consisting of tower solar collector, Kalina cycle with the heat exchanger, and ejector-absorption refrigeration cycle is proposed to produce refrigeration below freezing, electricity, and process heat, simultaneously. Simulation through computational fluid dynamics using ansys-fluent package is conducted to examine the effect of coil diameter and inlet oil temperature on the pressure and temperature of solar heat transfer fluid. It is found that, for inlet temperature of 92 °C and direct normal irradiations of 850 W/m2, the solar heat transfer fluid outlet temperature increases by 9% when the coil diameter increased from 150 to 400 mm. Trigeneration performance is analyzed after altering hot oil outlet temperature, turbine inlet pressure, and the concentration of ammonia–water basic solution to study their effect on power produced by turbine, refrigeration load, exergy of refrigeration, and efficiencies of trigeneration system. An increase in the concentration of the ammonia–water basic solution is leading toward the significant increase in the turbine power and the elevation of trigeneration system’s energy and exergy efficiencies. Bottoming of the Kalina cycle with ejector-absorption refrigeration cycle shows the distribution of solar energy as energetic output 72.31% and energy lost to environment 27.69%. The solar exergy supplied to the trigeneration system is distributed as follows: 16.23% is the exergy produced, 1.62% is the exergy loss, and 82.15% is the exergy destroyed.
Eydhah Almatrafi; Abdul Khaliq. Investigation of a Novel Solar Powered Trigeneration System for Simultaneous Production of Electricity, Heating, and Refrigeration Below Freezing. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 2021, 143, 1 -43.
AMA StyleEydhah Almatrafi, Abdul Khaliq. Investigation of a Novel Solar Powered Trigeneration System for Simultaneous Production of Electricity, Heating, and Refrigeration Below Freezing. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering. 2021; 143 (6):1-43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEydhah Almatrafi; Abdul Khaliq. 2021. "Investigation of a Novel Solar Powered Trigeneration System for Simultaneous Production of Electricity, Heating, and Refrigeration Below Freezing." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 143, no. 6: 1-43.
Finding a low cost and effective alternative to noble metal based catalyst has long been concerned in wastewater treatment and organic transformation. This work developed a highly efficient sewage sludge-based catalyst via a simple one-step pyrolysis method, and for the first time, applied it in the catalytic reduction of nitrophenols. Due to the higher content of graphitic nitrogen, abundant defect sites and low electron transfer resistance, sewage sludge derived biochar obtained at 800 °C (SSBC-800) exhibits the best catalytic performance, with the reaction rate of 0.48 min−1 and turnover frequency for 4-nitrophenol calculated to be 1.25 × 10−4 mmol•mg−1 min−1, which is comparable to or even superior than some reported noble metal-based catalyst. Moreover, SSBC-800 showed good recyclability of 90% 4-nitrophenol removal within 8 min after 4 runs, and maintained high catalytic activity in reduction of other substituent nitrophenols, such as 2-nitrophenol (0.54 min−1), 3-nitrophenol (0.61 min−1) and 2,4-dinitrophenol (0.18 min−1), and in real water samples, indicating its practical applicability. The electron paramagnetic resonance spectra and electrochemical characterization demonstrate that SSBC-800 accelerates the dissociation of BH4− to form active hydrogen, which is the main species responsible for 4-nitrophenol reduction, while electron transfer reaction involving the surface bound hydride derived from the intimate contact between BH4− and SSBC-800 plays an important role in this process. This research not only provides a novel valorization pathway for sewage sludge, but also sheds new light on further designing of carbon-based catalyst for nitrophenol reduction.
Xiaoya Ren; Lin Tang; Jiajia Wang; Eydhah Almatrafi; HaoPeng Feng; Xiang Tang; Jiangfang Yu; Yang Yang; XiaoPei Li; Chenyun Zhou; Zhuotong Zeng; Guangming Zeng. Highly efficient catalytic hydrogenation of nitrophenols by sewage sludge derived biochar. Water Research 2021, 201, 117360 .
AMA StyleXiaoya Ren, Lin Tang, Jiajia Wang, Eydhah Almatrafi, HaoPeng Feng, Xiang Tang, Jiangfang Yu, Yang Yang, XiaoPei Li, Chenyun Zhou, Zhuotong Zeng, Guangming Zeng. Highly efficient catalytic hydrogenation of nitrophenols by sewage sludge derived biochar. Water Research. 2021; 201 ():117360.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaoya Ren; Lin Tang; Jiajia Wang; Eydhah Almatrafi; HaoPeng Feng; Xiang Tang; Jiangfang Yu; Yang Yang; XiaoPei Li; Chenyun Zhou; Zhuotong Zeng; Guangming Zeng. 2021. "Highly efficient catalytic hydrogenation of nitrophenols by sewage sludge derived biochar." Water Research 201, no. : 117360.
Barrier size influences on the thermal behavior of Ar/Cu nanofluid are reported in this simulation work. Molecular dynamics method is implemented with a large molecular/atomic parallel simulator. Furthermore, Ar/Cu nanofluid is simulated with Universal Force Field (UFF) and Embedded Atom Model (EAM) force fields and these force fields are appropriate to our thermal study. For the thermal behavior of this nanofluid, we record the physical parameters like total energy, thermal conductivity of nanofluid, density, the number of nanofluid atoms in the gas phase, and atomic temperature. Simulation results show that atomic structures have thermal stability with −318 eV value for total energy parameter. Physically, the atomic barrier causes the atomic phase transition phenomena to happen in a shorter time. Numerically, this parameter varies from 0.61 ns to 0.55 ns when the Platinum (Pt) barriers height increases from 5 Å to 10 Å. We calculated that the maximum density of nanofluid atoms reaches to 0.00025 Atom/Å3 by atomic barriers enlarging. So, we conclude that, by increasing the received heat flux with Ar/Cu nanofluid, the thermal conductivity converged in shorter simulation time. Numerically, the thermal conductivity of simulated structures converges to 0.016400 W/m.K after 0.63 ns.
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh; Eydhah Almatrafi; M. Hekmatifar; D. Toghraie; Ali Golmohammadzadeh. Molecular dynamics simulation of the thermal properties of the Cu-water nanofluid on a roughed Platinum surface: Simulation of phase transition in nanofluids. Journal of Molecular Liquids 2020, 327, 114832 .
AMA StyleNidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Eydhah Almatrafi, M. Hekmatifar, D. Toghraie, Ali Golmohammadzadeh. Molecular dynamics simulation of the thermal properties of the Cu-water nanofluid on a roughed Platinum surface: Simulation of phase transition in nanofluids. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2020; 327 ():114832.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNidal H. Abu-Hamdeh; Eydhah Almatrafi; M. Hekmatifar; D. Toghraie; Ali Golmohammadzadeh. 2020. "Molecular dynamics simulation of the thermal properties of the Cu-water nanofluid on a roughed Platinum surface: Simulation of phase transition in nanofluids." Journal of Molecular Liquids 327, no. : 114832.