To explore the mechanism of multiple conjunctural causation underlying differences in financial performance, this study selects 39 Chinese companies from the Fortune Global 500 as samples and applies configurational thinking and the qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) approach to integrate five variable conditions concerning corporate social responsibility (CSR). The results show that 3 path configurations achieve high financial performance. Specifically, the first configuration includes highly responsible governance, superior employee rights and interests, and effective environmental protection. The second configuration includes highly responsible governance, superior employee rights, and active public charity. The third configuration includes highly responsible governance, active public charity, and effective environmental protection. The four dimensions involved in the above three path configurations have alternative effects in interpreting financial performance. When the level of responsible governance ability is high, as long as any two conditions among employee rights and interests, environmental protection and public charity also attain a high level, this situation can drive the corporation to achieve high financial performance. Based on the conclusions of this paper, management implications from the perspectives of firms are also proposed.

With the increasing awareness of sustainable development and the construction of a water-saving society, many Chinese enterprises, especially those with high water-consuming corporations, have begun to pay attention to water-saving management. This study employs a scenario experiment method, focusing on high water-consuming corporations, to examine the differentiated responses of consumers to both symbolic and substantive corporate water-saving behaviors. The results show that substantive water-saving behaviors significantly enhance positive consumer attitudes and purchase intentions compared to symbolic behaviors. Consumer–company identification mediates the impact of water-saving behaviors on consumer responses. Corporate abilities and water resource conditions in consumer’s location moderate this relationship. These findings underscore the market value of corporate water-saving behaviors and provide guidance for companies in developing effective water-saving practices and marketing strategies.