In recent years, the shipping industry has undergone significant development, accompanied by substantial consumption of fossil resources. This article studies the energy dispatch problem of the ship-integrated energy system (S-IES) to improve environmental awareness. It aims to reduce carbon emissions, avoid unnecessary resource misallocation, and rely on fewer communication resources during the execution of its navigational duty. An energy dispatch model is designed to increase economic and environmental benefits. Secondly, a distributed optimal prescribed-time algorithm based on the event-triggered mechanism (D-PET) is proposed to search for energy dispatch solutions. It ensures a quick and accurate response to the fluctuating load demands of S-IES. In addition, D-PET eliminates the disadvantage of limited communication interaction resources among energy participants in S-IES. Finally, to validate the effectiveness of the proposed energy dispatch strategy, a simulated navigational duty is conducted using a training vessel on a route from Queensland Port to Victoria Port via New South Wales Port.

With increasing awareness of environmentally friendly, the ship-integrated energy system (S-IES) combined with power and heating networks has become an upcoming trend in the shipbuilding industry. It decreases the consumption of fuel-based resources by integrating renewable energy resources to replace traditional fossil-based generators partly. Meanwhile, with many intelligent devices, the S-IES performs partitioned and autonomous features because of the unique operational structure. Therefore, the normal operation of S-IES is highly vulnerable, which will be bothered by the infeasibility-driven attack for shipboard devices and influenced by the uncertainties of renewable energy resources. To this end, the energy management problem under cyber attacks for S-IES is focused on ensuring secure and green sailing in this paper. To balance the number of nods and decrease the communication resources among energy devices, a partitioning algorithm is designed to construct the energy router (ER) based energy hub (EH) for S-IES. Meanwhile, considering the trade-off relationship between the economy and carbon emission, a multi-objective energy management model with feasible sailing constraints is designed. Then, to ensure the information exchange among EHs using ERs, a distributed resilient energy management strategy with a detection mechanism is proposed to acquire the optimal solutions under cyber attack. Finally, theoretical analysis verifies the effectiveness of the designed distributed resilient strategy. Simulation results of different scenarios prove the great performance on ensuring secure and green sailing for ships by the constructed energy management model and its distributed resilient strategy.

The ship-integrated energy system (S-IES), containing power and heating networks, plays a vital role in combining renewable technologies and conventional generators to advocate the protection of environmental awareness in the marine industry. To this end, the energy management problem (EMP) of the S-IES is investigated in this article. In this way, a load demand forecasting strategy with the ensemble learning system model is proposed to predict the energy consumption in a sailing voyage. Moreover, a multiobjective energy management model is constructed to depict the tradeoff between consumption costs and the energy efficiency operation index. Then, a distributed energy management method with the event-triggered mechanism is designed to solve the EMP of S-IES. With this method, each energy participant only needs to receive/send local information from/to its neighbors and achieves discrete-time information communication, eliminating the limitation of communication resources for ships. Rigorous theoretical analysis and simulation results prove that the distinct objectives are coordinated and that the effectiveness of the proposed method is guaranteed.

To decrease fuel-based energy consumption, it is important to investigate the optimal energy management problem for the seaport integrated energy system in a fully distributed manner. A multi-objective energy management model is constructed, considering energy consumption, greenhouse gas emission, and carbon trading, which satisfy the sustainable development of the international shipping industry advocated by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The carbon exhaust of a seaport is restrained by integrated carbon capture/storage devices. A fully distributed energy management strategy with dynamic-weighted coefficients is proposed to acquire the optimal solutions for the seaport integrated energy system. Moreover, to decrease the communication resources, an event-triggered mechanism between energy bodies was designed against the bandwidth limitation of the seaport. Finally, a rigorous mathematical analysis based on the multi-agent theory and the case studies proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.