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Manfred Rösch
Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte und vorderasiatische Archäologie, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

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Journal article
Published: 27 July 2021 in Grana
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Natalia Ryabogina; Elena Marinova; Manfred Rösch. 56. Gnadensee. Grana 2021, 1 -3.

AMA Style

Natalia Ryabogina, Elena Marinova, Manfred Rösch. 56. Gnadensee. Grana. 2021; ():1-3.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Natalia Ryabogina; Elena Marinova; Manfred Rösch. 2021. "56. Gnadensee." Grana , no. : 1-3.

Contributions to the european pollen database
Published: 25 November 2020 in Grana
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Manfred Rösch; Elena Marinova. 51. Zeller See. Grana 2020, 60, 243 -245.

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Manfred Rösch, Elena Marinova. 51. Zeller See. Grana. 2020; 60 (3):243-245.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Rösch; Elena Marinova. 2020. "51. Zeller See." Grana 60, no. 3: 243-245.

Contributions to the european pollen database
Published: 13 July 2020 in Grana
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Manfred Rösch. 48. Mires near the yew forest of Paterzell (Upper Bavaria, Germany). Grana 2020, 60, 155 -157.

AMA Style

Manfred Rösch. 48. Mires near the yew forest of Paterzell (Upper Bavaria, Germany). Grana. 2020; 60 (2):155-157.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Rösch. 2020. "48. Mires near the yew forest of Paterzell (Upper Bavaria, Germany)." Grana 60, no. 2: 155-157.

Original article
Published: 19 May 2020 in Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
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We investigated lake sediments from Großer Ursee, Landkreis Ravensburg, Allgäu, Baden-Württemberg, to explore whether human activity was delayed and less intense at higher sites compared to those in the adjacent lower area around Bodensee (Lake Constance). A 11.1 m high resolution pollen profile from the centre of the lake was analysed, which covers the late Würm and complete Holocene sequence, providing a continuous pollen record of 1,092 samples. Human and climate induced vegetation and landscape change is discussed. The history of human impact indicated in this profile at around 700 m in the western Allgäu, with a precipitation above 1,000 mm/year and with a less favourable climate is compared with human impact in adjacent lower landscapes, with a more favourable climate for agriculture such as the Bodensee region. Since the Neolithic period, differences in vegetation development between the regions were mainly caused by a varying intensity of human impact which itself was strongly influenced by climatic differences. In the lowlands with a warm and dry climate, human impact started earlier and was stronger than in less favourable areas. Finally, the regular occurrence of Trapa natans at Großer Ursee, much more frequent there than in the adjacent warmer landscape to the west, is discussed in terms of various ecological factors.

ACS Style

Manfred Rösch; Philipp Stojakowits; Arne Friedmann. Does site elevation determine the start and intensity of human impact? Pollen evidence from southern Germany. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 2020, 30, 255 -268.

AMA Style

Manfred Rösch, Philipp Stojakowits, Arne Friedmann. Does site elevation determine the start and intensity of human impact? Pollen evidence from southern Germany. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 2020; 30 (2):255-268.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Rösch; Philipp Stojakowits; Arne Friedmann. 2020. "Does site elevation determine the start and intensity of human impact? Pollen evidence from southern Germany." Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 30, no. 2: 255-268.

Contributions to the european pollen database
Published: 08 March 2019 in Grana
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Manfred Rösch; Lucia Wick. 43. Buchensee (Lake Constance region, Germany). Grana 2019, 58, 308 -310.

AMA Style

Manfred Rösch, Lucia Wick. 43. Buchensee (Lake Constance region, Germany). Grana. 2019; 58 (4):308-310.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Rösch; Lucia Wick. 2019. "43. Buchensee (Lake Constance region, Germany)." Grana 58, no. 4: 308-310.

Journal article
Published: 09 October 2018 in Grana
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Manfred Rösch; Lucia Wick. 41. Western Lake Constance (Germany): Überlinger See, Mainau. Grana 2018, 58, 78 -80.

AMA Style

Manfred Rösch, Lucia Wick. 41. Western Lake Constance (Germany): Überlinger See, Mainau. Grana. 2018; 58 (1):78-80.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Rösch; Lucia Wick. 2018. "41. Western Lake Constance (Germany): Überlinger See, Mainau." Grana 58, no. 1: 78-80.

Article
Published: 21 September 2018 in Geosciences
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Forest vegetation plays a key role in the cycling of mercury (Hg) and organic matter (OM) in terrestrial ecosystems. Litterfall has been indicated as the major transport vector of atmospheric Hg to forest soils, which is eventually transported and stored in the sediments of forest lakes. Hence, it is important to understand how changes in forest vegetation affect Hg in soil and its biogeochemical cycling in lake systems. We investigated the pollen records and the geochemical compositions of sediments from two lakes (Schurmsee and Glaswaldsee) in the Black Forest (Germany) to evaluate whether long-term shifts in forest vegetation induced by climate or land use influenced Hg accumulation in the lakes. We were particularly interested to determine whether coniferous forests were associated with a larger export of Hg to aquatic systems than deciduous forests. Principal components analysis followed by principal component regression enabled us to describe the evolution of the weight of the latent processes determining the accumulation of Hg over time. Our results emphasize that the in-lake uptake of Hg during warm climate periods, soil erosion after deforestation and emissions from mining and other human activities triggered changes in Hg accumulation during the Holocene stronger than the changes caused by forest vegetation alone.

ACS Style

Martin Schütze; Gegeensuvd Tserendorj; Marta Pérez-Rodríguez; Manfred Rösch; Harald Biester. Prediction of Holocene Mercury Accumulation Trends by Combining Palynological and Geochemical Records of Lake Sediments (Black Forest, Germany). Geosciences 2018, 8, 358 .

AMA Style

Martin Schütze, Gegeensuvd Tserendorj, Marta Pérez-Rodríguez, Manfred Rösch, Harald Biester. Prediction of Holocene Mercury Accumulation Trends by Combining Palynological and Geochemical Records of Lake Sediments (Black Forest, Germany). Geosciences. 2018; 8 (10):358.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin Schütze; Gegeensuvd Tserendorj; Marta Pérez-Rodríguez; Manfred Rösch; Harald Biester. 2018. "Prediction of Holocene Mercury Accumulation Trends by Combining Palynological and Geochemical Records of Lake Sediments (Black Forest, Germany)." Geosciences 8, no. 10: 358.

Preprint
Published: 17 August 2018
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Forest vegetation plays a key role in the cycling of mercury (Hg) and organic matter (OM) in terrestrial ecosystems. Litterfall has been indicated as the major transport vector of atmospheric Hg to forest soils, which is eventually transported and stored in the sediments of forest lakes. Hence, it is important to understand how changes in forest vegetation affect Hg in soil and its biogeochemical cycling in lake systems. We investigated the pollen records and the geochemical compositions of sediments from two lakes (Schurmsee and Glaswaldsee) in the Black Forest (Germany) to evaluate whether long-term shifts in forest vegetation induced by climate or land use influenced Hg accumulation in the lakes. We were particularly interested to determine whether coniferous forests were associated with a larger export of Hg to aquatic systems than deciduous forests. Principal components analysis followed by principal component regression enabled us to describe the evolution of the weight of the latent processes determining the accumulation of Hg over time. Our results emphasize that the in-lake uptake of Hg during warm climate periods, soil erosion after deforestation and emissions from mining and other human activities triggered changes in Hg accumulation during the Holocene stronger than the changes caused by forest vegetation alone.

ACS Style

Martin Schütze; Gegeensuvd Tserendorj; Marta Pérez-Rodríguez; Manfred Rösch; Harald Biester. Prediction of Holocene Mercury Accumulation Trends by Combining Palynological and Geochemical Records of Lake Sediments (Black Forest, Germany). 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Martin Schütze, Gegeensuvd Tserendorj, Marta Pérez-Rodríguez, Manfred Rösch, Harald Biester. Prediction of Holocene Mercury Accumulation Trends by Combining Palynological and Geochemical Records of Lake Sediments (Black Forest, Germany). . 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Martin Schütze; Gegeensuvd Tserendorj; Marta Pérez-Rodríguez; Manfred Rösch; Harald Biester. 2018. "Prediction of Holocene Mercury Accumulation Trends by Combining Palynological and Geochemical Records of Lake Sediments (Black Forest, Germany)." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Science of The Total Environment
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Lake ecosystems are sensitive recorders of environmental changes that provide continuous archives at annual to decadal resolution over thousands of years. The systematic investigation of land use changes and emission of pollutants archived in Holocene lake sediments as well as the reconstruction of contamination, background conditions, and sensitivity of lake systems offer an ideal opportunity to study environmental dynamics and consequences of anthropogenic impact that increasingly pose risks to human well-being. This paper discusses the use of sediment and other lines of evidence in providing a record of historical and current contamination in lake ecosystems. We present a novel approach to investigate impacts from human activities using chemical-analytical, bioanalytical, ecological, paleolimnological, paleoecotoxicological, archeological as well as modeling techniques. This multi-time slice weight-of-evidence (WOE) approach will generate knowledge on conditions prior to anthropogenic influence and provide knowledge to (i) create a better understanding of the effects of anthropogenic disturbances on biodiversity, (ii) assess water quality by using quantitative data on historical pollution and persistence of pollutants archived over thousands of years in sediments, and (iii) define environmental threshold values using modeling methods. This technique may be applied in order to gain insights into reference conditions of surface and ground waters in catchments with a long history of land use and human impact, which is still a major need that is currently not yet addressed within the context of the European Water Framework Directive.

ACS Style

Henner Hollert; Sarah E. Crawford; Werner Brack; Markus Brinkmann; Elske Fischer; Kai Hartmann; Steffen Keiter; Richard Ottermanns; Jacob D. Ouellet; Karsten Rinke; Manfred Rösch; Martina Roß-Nickoll; Andreas Schäffer; Christoph Schüth; Tobias Schulze; Anja Schwarz; Thomas-Benjamin Seiler; Martin Wessels; Matthias Hinderer; Antje Schwalb. Looking back - Looking forward: A novel multi-time slice weight-of-evidence approach for defining reference conditions to assess the impact of human activities on lake systems. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 626, 1036 -1046.

AMA Style

Henner Hollert, Sarah E. Crawford, Werner Brack, Markus Brinkmann, Elske Fischer, Kai Hartmann, Steffen Keiter, Richard Ottermanns, Jacob D. Ouellet, Karsten Rinke, Manfred Rösch, Martina Roß-Nickoll, Andreas Schäffer, Christoph Schüth, Tobias Schulze, Anja Schwarz, Thomas-Benjamin Seiler, Martin Wessels, Matthias Hinderer, Antje Schwalb. Looking back - Looking forward: A novel multi-time slice weight-of-evidence approach for defining reference conditions to assess the impact of human activities on lake systems. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 626 ():1036-1046.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Henner Hollert; Sarah E. Crawford; Werner Brack; Markus Brinkmann; Elske Fischer; Kai Hartmann; Steffen Keiter; Richard Ottermanns; Jacob D. Ouellet; Karsten Rinke; Manfred Rösch; Martina Roß-Nickoll; Andreas Schäffer; Christoph Schüth; Tobias Schulze; Anja Schwarz; Thomas-Benjamin Seiler; Martin Wessels; Matthias Hinderer; Antje Schwalb. 2018. "Looking back - Looking forward: A novel multi-time slice weight-of-evidence approach for defining reference conditions to assess the impact of human activities on lake systems." Science of The Total Environment 626, no. : 1036-1046.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2018 in Quaternary International
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Sebastian Million; Anton Eisenhauer; André Billamboz; Manfred Rösch; Dirk Krausse; Oliver Nelle. Iron Age utilization of silver fir ( Abies alba ) wood around the Heuneburg – Local origin or timber import? Quaternary International 2018, 463, 363 -375.

AMA Style

Sebastian Million, Anton Eisenhauer, André Billamboz, Manfred Rösch, Dirk Krausse, Oliver Nelle. Iron Age utilization of silver fir ( Abies alba ) wood around the Heuneburg – Local origin or timber import? Quaternary International. 2018; 463 ():363-375.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sebastian Million; Anton Eisenhauer; André Billamboz; Manfred Rösch; Dirk Krausse; Oliver Nelle. 2018. "Iron Age utilization of silver fir ( Abies alba ) wood around the Heuneburg – Local origin or timber import?" Quaternary International 463, no. : 363-375.

Regular article
Published: 12 December 2017 in Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science
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The Black Forest is considered to be a rather unfavorable area, having a short vegetation period, low mean annual temperatures, high precipitation, and a pronounced relief. These conditions do not favor agricultural land use and thus it is widely accepted that people only began using the land intensively during the Middle Ages. In this integrated study 17 soil profiles, two peat bogs and a database of archaeological finds were used to reconstruct past land use impacts on the environment. AMS–14C datings of charcoals, luminescence datings of colluvial deposits, archaeological finds and pollen records indicate land use already during the Neolithic. This pre‐medieval land use might be related to seasonal settlements dominated by pastoralism and the use of wood or bedrock to build settlements and infrastructure or as energy supply. There is new evidence of human activity dating back to the Bronze and Iron Age, which is a discrepancy to the absence of archaeological finds in the direct vicinity of the studied sites. With the beginning of the Middle Ages land use practices changed, most likely with the expansion and intensification of agricultural land use, which coincides with the increasing use of natural resources in the Black Forest. Hence, the main phases of colluvial deposition date to the Middle Ages and Modern Times. Increased contents of As, Cr, Cu, Pb, or Zn in medieval colluvial deposits might indicate smelting or mining, even though there are no known archeological sites pointing to such activities nearby. Whereas the pattern of colluvial deposition in the southeastern Black Forest points to distinct, but local land use in pre‐medieval times and to intensified and widespread land use since the Middle Ages, thick and multi‐layered colluvial deposits indicate intensive land use in the neighboring Baar region since the Neolithic. The different land use patterns of these two regions originate from the rather favorable conditions for agriculture in terms of soils, climate, and topography in the Baar region compared to the unfavorable conditions in the Black Forest.

ACS Style

Jessica Henkner; Jan Ahlrichs; Elske Fischer; Markus Fuchs; Thomas Knopf; Manfred Rösch; Thomas Scholten; Peter Kühn. Land use dynamics derived from colluvial deposits and bogs in the Black Forest, Germany. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 2017, 181, 240 -260.

AMA Style

Jessica Henkner, Jan Ahlrichs, Elske Fischer, Markus Fuchs, Thomas Knopf, Manfred Rösch, Thomas Scholten, Peter Kühn. Land use dynamics derived from colluvial deposits and bogs in the Black Forest, Germany. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. 2017; 181 (2):240-260.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jessica Henkner; Jan Ahlrichs; Elske Fischer; Markus Fuchs; Thomas Knopf; Manfred Rösch; Thomas Scholten; Peter Kühn. 2017. "Land use dynamics derived from colluvial deposits and bogs in the Black Forest, Germany." Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 181, no. 2: 240-260.

Original article
Published: 08 July 2017 in Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
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In the late spring of the year ad 1295 a landslide devastated the village of Onoldswil in the Swiss Jura mountains. During recent construction work, a small area of the original land surface was unearthed. The 5 m of compacted clay deposited by the landslide had caused the complete exclusion of oxygen and underneath it the excavators came upon mosses, blades of grasses and other plants that were still green. Below the vegetation cover the humus horizon with subterranean plant parts appeared. Samples were taken for plant macro- and microfossil and geoarchaeological analyses. This offered the rare opportunity to study the vegetation and the topsoil of a small area of land preserved in situ as an autochthonous palaeobiocoenosis, the preserved original combination of the plant community which grew there. Grassland taxa dominated the pollen and macrofossil spectra. Compacted zones within the humus horizon, the plant taxa composition and the presence of spores of coprophilous fungi showed that this place had once been a nutrient-rich pasture. Grazing animals had favoured the spread of juniper. Manuring seems to have taken place. The slopes of the surrounding mountains had been largely cleared of woodland, which may have been the cause of the landslide. The disaster probably happened in late spring, because entire fruiting capitula of Taraxacum officinale (dandelion) were found. Landslides are catastrophic events, destroying the soils and everything that lives in and on them on their way downhill. In places, however, they can also blanket the original land surface and its vegetation and create an archive of ancient life.

ACS Style

Örni Akeret; Simone Kiefer; Marlu Kühn; Philippe Rentzel; Manfred Rösch; Lucia Wick. The buried medieval pasture of Onoldswil (Niederdorf BL, Switzerland, ad 1295): an example of a well preserved palaeobiocoenosis. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 2017, 27, 137 -149.

AMA Style

Örni Akeret, Simone Kiefer, Marlu Kühn, Philippe Rentzel, Manfred Rösch, Lucia Wick. The buried medieval pasture of Onoldswil (Niederdorf BL, Switzerland, ad 1295): an example of a well preserved palaeobiocoenosis. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 2017; 27 (1):137-149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Örni Akeret; Simone Kiefer; Marlu Kühn; Philippe Rentzel; Manfred Rösch; Lucia Wick. 2017. "The buried medieval pasture of Onoldswil (Niederdorf BL, Switzerland, ad 1295): an example of a well preserved palaeobiocoenosis." Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 27, no. 1: 137-149.

Conference paper
Published: 20 June 2017 in Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society
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This study uses two novel archaeobotanical techniques – crop carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis and functional weed ecology – to determine directly how the intensity of agricultural practice changed from the Neolithic to the Early Iron Age in south-west Germany, with the emergence of fortified hilltop settlements (Fürstensitze or chiefly seats) regarded as the first urban centres in central Europe. The crop isotope and functional weed ecological evidence suggest that surplus cereal production in the Early Iron Age was achieved through sustained use of manure combined with expansion in arable cultivation, both developments that are connected with more widespread use of animal traction. The increased scale of cultivation is broadly apparent across rural as well as fortified hilltop centres in the Early Iron Age, and considerable variability in manuring intensity is consistent with agricultural decision-making at a local level rather than centralised control. Additionally, the more intensive manuring of hulled six-row barley, used in beer production, demonstrates that the political importance of drinking and feasting in Early Iron Age society was reflected in crop husbandry practices. In terms of animal husbandry, faunal isotope data reveal a radical decrease in forest cover, potentially reflecting an expansion in the scale of herding accompanying that of arable cultivation. Site-specific patterning points to a range of herding strategies, from specialised herding of cattle at the Heuneburg to generalised patterns of livestock management at rural sites.

ACS Style

Amy Styring; Manfred Rösch; Elisabeth Stephan; Hans-Peter Stika; Elske Fischer; Marion Sillmann; Amy Bogaard. Centralisation and long-term change in farming regimes: Comparing agricultural practices in Neolithic and Iron Age south-west Germany. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 2017, 83, 357 -381.

AMA Style

Amy Styring, Manfred Rösch, Elisabeth Stephan, Hans-Peter Stika, Elske Fischer, Marion Sillmann, Amy Bogaard. Centralisation and long-term change in farming regimes: Comparing agricultural practices in Neolithic and Iron Age south-west Germany. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society. 2017; 83 ():357-381.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amy Styring; Manfred Rösch; Elisabeth Stephan; Hans-Peter Stika; Elske Fischer; Marion Sillmann; Amy Bogaard. 2017. "Centralisation and long-term change in farming regimes: Comparing agricultural practices in Neolithic and Iron Age south-west Germany." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 83, no. : 357-381.

Original article
Published: 24 May 2017 in Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
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The crop weed communities of dry calcareous soils are today very rare and endangered. In the first half of the 20th century this group was already in an advanced stage of disappearance, caused by the intensification of agriculture since the 19th century. Therefore, botanists only found these plants in a few regions with calcareous soils, obviously reflecting the geological conditions. But many archaeobotanical finds are in places where this species was never observed as a living plant and edaphic conditions seem to exclude it. In the western Lake Constance region floristic observations are lacking. Of Orlaya grandiflora, there is now proof from several pollen diagrams that this species did occur regularly and with high frequency in this region from the Late Bronze Age to the 19th century ad. Several other species of the Caucalidion are also reflected in the pollen record, but are less frequent, reflecting the ecological conditions triggered by agriculture; due to soil erosion, topsoils were thin, especially on slopes, with low water capacity, and low yields. The weeds with spiny fruits were distributed over long distances by migrating domestic animals. Pollen grains in high-resolution pollen profiles from the northern Black Forest and Allgäu, where these plants were not to be expected and were never observed, indicate a ubiquitous distribution of the Caucalidion between Late Bronze Age and early Modern Ages in Central Europe and adjacent regions, reflecting the tenuous situation of long-term extensive ard agriculture in hilly landscapes. More and better pollen diagrams and macrofossil studies would bring better evidence.

ACS Style

Manfred Rösch. Evidence for rare crop weeds of the Caucalidion group in Southwestern Germany since the Bronze Age: palaeoecological implications. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 2017, 27, 75 -84.

AMA Style

Manfred Rösch. Evidence for rare crop weeds of the Caucalidion group in Southwestern Germany since the Bronze Age: palaeoecological implications. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 2017; 27 (1):75-84.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Rösch. 2017. "Evidence for rare crop weeds of the Caucalidion group in Southwestern Germany since the Bronze Age: palaeoecological implications." Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 27, no. 1: 75-84.

Journal article
Published: 07 February 2017 in Land
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Long-term slash-and-burn experiments, when compared with intensive tillage without manuring, resulted in a huge data set relating to potential crop yields, depending on soil quality, crop type, and agricultural measures. Cultivation without manuring or fallow phases did not produce satisfying yields, and mono-season cropping on freshly cleared and burned plots resulted in rather high yields, comparable to those produced during modern industrial agriculture - at least ten-fold the ones estimated for the medieval period. Continuous cultivation on the same plot, using imported wood from adjacent areas as fuel, causes decreasing yields over several years. The high yield of the first harvest of a slash-and-burn agriculture is caused by nutrient input through the ash produced and mobilization from the organic matter of the topsoil, due to high soil temperatures during the burning process and higher topsoil temperatures due to the soil’s black surface. The harvested crops are pure, without contamination of any weeds. Considering the amount of work required to fight weeds without burning, the slash-and-burn technique yields much better results than any other tested agricultural approach. Therefore, in dense woodland, without optimal soils and climate, slash-and-burn agriculture seems to be the best, if not the only, feasible method to start agriculture, for example, during the Late Neolithic, when agriculture expanded from the loess belt into landscapes less suitable for agriculture. Extensive and cultivation with manuring is more practical in an already-open landscape and with a denser population, but its efficiency in terms of the ratio of the manpower input to food output, is worse. Slash-and-burn agriculture is not only a phenomenon of temperate European agriculture during the Neolithic, but played a major role in land-use in forested regions worldwide, creating anthromes on a huge spatial scale.

ACS Style

Manfred Rösch; Harald Biester; Arno Bogenrieder; Eileen Eckmeier; Otto Ehrmann; Renate Gerlach; Mathias Hall; Christoph Hartkopf-Fröder; Ludger Herrmann; Birgit Kury; Jutta Lechterbeck; Wolfram Schier; Erhard Schulz. Late Neolithic Agriculture in Temperate Europe—A Long-Term Experimental Approach. Land 2017, 6, 11 .

AMA Style

Manfred Rösch, Harald Biester, Arno Bogenrieder, Eileen Eckmeier, Otto Ehrmann, Renate Gerlach, Mathias Hall, Christoph Hartkopf-Fröder, Ludger Herrmann, Birgit Kury, Jutta Lechterbeck, Wolfram Schier, Erhard Schulz. Late Neolithic Agriculture in Temperate Europe—A Long-Term Experimental Approach. Land. 2017; 6 (1):11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Rösch; Harald Biester; Arno Bogenrieder; Eileen Eckmeier; Otto Ehrmann; Renate Gerlach; Mathias Hall; Christoph Hartkopf-Fröder; Ludger Herrmann; Birgit Kury; Jutta Lechterbeck; Wolfram Schier; Erhard Schulz. 2017. "Late Neolithic Agriculture in Temperate Europe—A Long-Term Experimental Approach." Land 6, no. 1: 11.

Journal article
Published: 13 January 2016 in Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
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A profundal core from Litzelsee, a small cirque lake in the western Lake Constance region, was investigated by pollen analysis and dated radiometrically. The upper part of the core, chronologically between 5000 cal bc and 1850 ad, was sampled continuously, resulting in a total of 449 samples, each with a sum of 1,000 arboreal pollen grains. Also in this huge data set, rare taxa, normally lacking or very scarce in pollen profiles, were registered. The ecological evaluation of these, with a focus on anthropogenic indicators, sheds light on environmental and human impact history from the Neolithic to Modern times. Further, the results are put in a regional context, together with seven other mostly unpublished pollen profiles studied in the same way.

ACS Style

Manfred Rösch; Jutta Lechterbeck. Seven Millennia of human impact as reflected in a high resolution pollen profile from the profundal sediments of Litzelsee, Lake Constance region, Germany. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 2016, 25, 339 -358.

AMA Style

Manfred Rösch, Jutta Lechterbeck. Seven Millennia of human impact as reflected in a high resolution pollen profile from the profundal sediments of Litzelsee, Lake Constance region, Germany. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 2016; 25 (4):339-358.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Rösch; Jutta Lechterbeck. 2016. "Seven Millennia of human impact as reflected in a high resolution pollen profile from the profundal sediments of Litzelsee, Lake Constance region, Germany." Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 25, no. 4: 339-358.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2015 in Science of The Total Environment
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Organic matter (OM) cycling has a large impact on the cycling of mercury (Hg) in the environment. Hence, it is important to have a thorough understanding on how changes in, e.g., catchment vegetation – through its effect on OM cycling – affect the behavior of Hg. To test whether shifts in vegetation had an effect on Hg-transport to lakes we investigated a sediment record from Herrenwieser See (Southern Germany). This lake has a well-defined Holocene vegetation history: at ~ 8700 years BP Corylus avellana (hazel) was replaced by Quercus robur (oak), which was replaced by Abies alba (fir) and Fagus sylvatica (beech) ~ 5700 years BP). We were particularly interested in testing if coniferous vegetation leads to a larger export of Hg to aquatic systems than deciduous vegetation. When hazel was replaced by oak, reduced soil erosion and increased transport of DOM-bound mercury from the catchment resulted in increases in both Hg-concentrations and accumulation rates (61 ng g− 1 and 5.5 ng cm− 2 yr.−1 to 118 ng g− 1 and 8.5 ng cm− 2 yr.−1). However, even if Hg-concentrations increased also in association with the introduction of fir and beech (173 ng g− 1), as a result of higher Hg:C, there was no increase in Hg-accumulation rates (7.6 ng cm− 2 yr.−1), because of a decreased input of OM. At around 2500 years BP Hg-accumulation rates and Hg-concentration indicated an additional input of Hg to the sediment (316 ng g− 1 and 10.3 ng cm− 2 yr.−1), which might be due to increased human activities in the area, e.g., forest burning or mining. Our results contrast those of several paired-catchment studies that suggest a higher release of Hg from coniferous than deciduous forest, and there is a need for studies with a long-term perspective to increase our understanding of the effects of slow and gradual processes on mercury cycling.

ACS Style

Johan Rydberg; Manfred Rösch; Emanuel Heinz; Harald Biester. Influence of catchment vegetation on mercury accumulation in lake sediments from a long-term perspective. Science of The Total Environment 2015, 538, 896 -904.

AMA Style

Johan Rydberg, Manfred Rösch, Emanuel Heinz, Harald Biester. Influence of catchment vegetation on mercury accumulation in lake sediments from a long-term perspective. Science of The Total Environment. 2015; 538 ():896-904.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Johan Rydberg; Manfred Rösch; Emanuel Heinz; Harald Biester. 2015. "Influence of catchment vegetation on mercury accumulation in lake sediments from a long-term perspective." Science of The Total Environment 538, no. : 896-904.

Journal article
Published: 16 July 2014 in Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
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Unfortunately only the upper part (ca. the last 2000 years) of the pollen diagram “Mindelsee” (Fig. 2) has been published. The whole diagram is given here.Fig. 2

ACS Style

Manfred Rösch; Angelika Kleinmann; Jutta Lechterbeck; Lucia Wick. Erratum to: Botanical off-site and on-site data as indicators of different land use systems: a discussion with examples from Southwest Germany. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 2014, 23, 647 -648.

AMA Style

Manfred Rösch, Angelika Kleinmann, Jutta Lechterbeck, Lucia Wick. Erratum to: Botanical off-site and on-site data as indicators of different land use systems: a discussion with examples from Southwest Germany. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 2014; 23 (5):647-648.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manfred Rösch; Angelika Kleinmann; Jutta Lechterbeck; Lucia Wick. 2014. "Erratum to: Botanical off-site and on-site data as indicators of different land use systems: a discussion with examples from Southwest Germany." Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 23, no. 5: 647-648.

Journal article
Published: 11 April 2014 in Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
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Experimental research into Neolithic agriculture has been underway in Forchtenberg, southwest Germany, since 1998. The experimental area is a medium age mixed-deciduous forest featuring different soils, mainly haplic and stagnic luvisols. In this experimental setting, research has focussed on comparisons of soil nutrients and crop yields resulting from slash and burn cultivation and from cultivation with hoeing. We show that slash and burn produces significantly higher yields, although always depending on soil quality. Hoe tilling is only profitable on the best soils in the first year after clearance. Continuous cultivation with hoeing produces too low yields, but repeated annual cultivation on slash and burn sites also resulted in progressively lower yields due to decreasing levels of nitrogen in the soil. Nitrogen originates not from burned wood but from the burning and mineralisation of organic matter in the topsoil. After burning and cultivation, a break of about 10–15 years is necessary, not only for forest re-growth, but also for the regeneration of the top soil and its nitrogen content. Slash and burn agriculture is therefore an easy and reliable tool for food production by a small population living in a large forested area.

ACS Style

Otto Ehrmann; Harald Biester; Arno Bogenrieder; Manfred Rösch. Fifteen years of the Forchtenberg experiment—results and implications for the understanding of Neolithic land use. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 2014, 23, 5 -18.

AMA Style

Otto Ehrmann, Harald Biester, Arno Bogenrieder, Manfred Rösch. Fifteen years of the Forchtenberg experiment—results and implications for the understanding of Neolithic land use. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 2014; 23 (S1):5-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Otto Ehrmann; Harald Biester; Arno Bogenrieder; Manfred Rösch. 2014. "Fifteen years of the Forchtenberg experiment—results and implications for the understanding of Neolithic land use." Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 23, no. S1: 5-18.

Journal article
Published: 28 March 2014 in Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
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For a better understanding of the past, knowledge about ancient nutrition, agriculture and landscape is essential. For historical periods, proxy data obtained from archaeology, soil and past vegetation can be cross-checked with data from written sources. However, for the long duration of the prehistoric period the latter are not available. Reconstructions of landscape and land use are therefore not based on direct evidence, but have the character of models derived from hypotheses. Comparisons with ethnographic data and experimental testing will help to obtain better and more plausible models.

ACS Style

Felix Bittmann; Renate Gerlach; Manfred Rösch; Wolfram Schier. Farming in the forest—Ecology and economy of fire in prehistoric agriculture. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 2014, 23, 3 -3.

AMA Style

Felix Bittmann, Renate Gerlach, Manfred Rösch, Wolfram Schier. Farming in the forest—Ecology and economy of fire in prehistoric agriculture. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 2014; 23 (1):3-3.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Felix Bittmann; Renate Gerlach; Manfred Rösch; Wolfram Schier. 2014. "Farming in the forest—Ecology and economy of fire in prehistoric agriculture." Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 23, no. 1: 3-3.