The dynamic yaw motion of the wind turbine will affect the overall aerodynamic performance of the impeller and the corresponding wake flow, but the current research on this issue is inadequate. Thus, it is very necessary to study the complicated near-wake aerodynamic behaviors during the yaw process and the closely related blade aerodynamic characteristics. This work utilized the multi-relaxation time lattice Boltzmann (MRT-LBM) model to investigate the integral aerodynamic performance characteristics of the specified impeller and the dynamic changes in the near wake under a sine yawing process, in which the normalized result is adopted to facilitate data comparison and understanding. Moreover, considering the complexity of the wake flows, the large eddy simulation (LES) and wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity (WALE) model are also used in this investigation. The related results indicate that the degree of stability of tip spiral wake in the dynamic yaw condition is inversely related to the absolute value of the change rate of yaw angular speed. When the wind turbine returns to the position with the yaw angle of 0 (deg) around, the linearized migration of tip vortex is changed, and the speed loss in the wake center is reduced at about the normalized velocity of 0.27, and another transverse expansion appeared. The directional inducing downstream of the impeller sweep surface for tip vortex is clearly reflected on the entering side and the exiting side. Additionally, the features of the static pressure on the blade surface and the overall aerodynamic effects of the impeller are also discussed, respectively.

As transparent heated films (THFs) based on transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) are restricted by expensive raw materials and inappropriate fabricating film on curved surfaces because of its brittleness, silver nanowires transparent conductive film (AgWS-TCF) is an ideal alternative material for THF. However, there are still many problems to be solved in the electrical and thermal stability of AgNWs-TCF. In this paper, an Al-doped ZnO (AZO) nanoparticles produced by magnetron sputtering was used to modify and coat the AgNWs network, and the ceramic /AgNWs@AZO-TCF was obtained. Compared with ceramic/AgNWs-TCF, the sheet resistance of ceramic/AgNWs@AZO-TCF decreased from 53.2 to 19.3 Ω/sq, resistance non-uniformity decreased from 18.0% to 7.0%, and the inoxidizability, current-impact resistance, and failure voltage increased significantly. In addition, the electrothermal efficiency of ceramic/AgNWs@AZO-TCF is significantly improved after sputtering a SiO₂ layer on the surface of ceramic substrate. Compared with ceramic/AgNWs@AZO-TCF, the temperature of ceramic-SiO₂/AgNWs@AZO-TCF increases from 78.7 to 113.2 °C under applied voltage of 6 V, which possess the application scenarios for electrothermal-ceramics teacup (or tableware) to realize the function of heat preservation and disinfection.

A multilevel independent spatial modal analysis of flame propagation characteristics of a deflagration in a specific pipeline was performed using the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method, in order to research the evolution process of the explosion which is closely related to flame propagation speed and front rupture pressure. The CFD results indicated that the full‐order calculation results well agreed with the normal combustion propagation characteristics of premixed methane‐air for the flame propagation with the unbroken thin layer. The POD analysis results showed that the static temperature gradient of the 1st order mode of initial and subsequent stages both exhibited a range of continuity change from left to right, and the frontal curvature of the cooling area decreased as the flame propagated in all stages. The number of the low‐temperature interval regions displayed an expanding form of a staircase with the increase of the mode order, especially for subsequent flame in which the interval areas became more and more slender. Moreover, the level of information content in the multilevel modal space was mostly concentrated in the first 3 modes, especially in the 1st order mode, and the flame propagation pattern at the initial stage was more complicated than the subsequent based on the relational information content features.