We present a three-dimensional pseudo-Voigt function to analyze muon spin relaxation (μSR) in weakly magnetic materials. Our approach approximates the Voigt function by superimposing Gaussian and Lorentzian functions using a one-dimensional method proposed by Di Rocco and Cruzado [Acta Phys. Pol., A 122, 666 (2012)]. We derive the peak of the Voigt function analytically and express the Half Width at Half Maximum (HWHM) of the Voigt function as a function of the HWHMs of the Gaussian and Lorentzian functions. We compare the pseudo-Voigt function to the exact Voigt function and find a maximum normalized discrepancy of ∼20% at the tail of the distribution function, depending on the ratio of Lorentzian to Gaussian HWHMs and internal magnetic field. We apply the derived three-dimensional pseudo-Voigt function to calculate μSR functions for zero- and longitudinal-field experiments and use them to fit μSR time spectra of La2−xSrxCuO4 with 2.4% Sr, employing a strong collision model with the static-based pseudo-Voigt muon spin relaxation function as the initial condition. Our results show that the Gaussian- and Lorentzian-fitted parameters and fluctuation rate are in good agreement with results from the exact Voigt function for a temperature range of 30–200 K, with the deviation of Gaussian and Lorentzian width parameters reaching ∼0.15 G below 30 K.

This paper shows simulations of high waves over different bathymetries to collect statistical information, particularly kurtosis and crest exceedance, that quantifies the occurrence of exceptionally extreme waves. This knowledge is especially pertinent for the design and operation of marine structures, safe ship trafficking, and mooring strategies for ships near the coast. Taking advantage of the flexibility to perform numerical simulations with HAWASSI software, with the aim of investigating the physical and statistical properties for these cases, this paper investigates the change in wave statistics related to changes in depth, breaking and differences between long- and short-crested waves. Three different types of bathymetry are considered: run-up to the coast with slope 1/20, waves over a shoal, and deep open-water waves. Simulations show good agreement in the examined cases compared with the available experimental data and simulations. Then predictive simulations for cases with a higher significant wave height illustrate the changes that may occur during storm events.

We investigate how lattice distortions reshape the magnetic correlations and muon-spin relaxation (μSR) response of the frustrated pyrochlore Nd2Ru2O7. Because implanted muons occupy minima of the electrostatic potential, temperature-dependent modifications of the RuO6 network alter both the muon stopping-site landscape and the quasistatic internal fields sensed by the muons. To capture this magneto-structural coupling, we develop a mixed static–dynamic depolarization framework in which an ordered internal field is convoluted with an exponential random field associated with domain-wall or cluster-like magnetic textures and averaged over a Lorentzian distribution representing structural inhomogeneity, while a phenomenological exponential term describes dynamic Ru-moment fluctuations. Simulations further show that, within the strong-collision scheme, the dynamical narrowing effect depends sensitively on the degree of static disorder and can disappear completely for sufficiently broad random-field distributions. The model demonstrates that broad quasistatic disorder can strongly suppress oscillatory and Kubo–Toyabe-like features, producing relaxation spectra often attributed solely to rapid spin dynamics. Application to ZF- and LF-μSR spectra reveals anomalies near 145, 31, and 21 K associated with spatially inhomogeneous antiferromagnetic correlations and low-temperature magnetic restructuring. Although LF measurements under 3850 G show predominantly dynamic long-time relaxation, a residual short-time relaxation below t ~ 1–2 μs indicates surviving quasistatic magnetic regions consistent with cluster-like spin-glass behavior stabilized by structural disorder.