Anastasia Kosmacheva

Ms. Anastasia Kosmacheva

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Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

7Years (2020-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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12 August 2021 in Antibiotics
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TTTatiana A. Trifonova
Tatiana A. Trifonova
AKAnastasia Kosmacheva
Anastasia Kosmacheva
ASAlexander Sprygin
Alexander Sprygin
SCSvetlana Chesnokova
Svetlana Chesnokova
OBOlga Byadovskaya
Olga Byadovskaya
Antibiotic contamination of the environment negatively affects soil fertility by disrupting natural microbial communities. Currently, the study of the effect of antibacterial drugs on soils typical in Russia, which are of great importance for agriculture, is insufficient. Despite a rapid increase in the number of metagenomic studies, this article is the first publication devoted to the microbial diversity of sod-podzolic soil and its relationship with enzymatic activity. In the present study, we use 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing to analyze microbiota dynamics and to examine soil enzymatic activities after antibiotic treatment with benzylpenicillin, oxytetracycline, and tylosin. We found that, following treatment, urease activity was reduced regardless of the antibiotic used while nitrification activity showed no statistically significant changes (p > 0.05). Oxytetracycline and tylosin produced no effect on catalase activity but benzylpenicillin caused an increase. Benzylpenicillin and oxytetracycline increased cellulolytic activity whereas tylosin had no significant effect (p > 0.05). Microbiome profiling through 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrated antibiotic administration and exhibited no significant impact on bacterial abundance and species diversity (p > 0.05), thus pointing to the resilience of the soil microbial community. Oxytetracycline, benzylpenicillin, and tylosin are likely to negatively affect the enzymatic profiles in sod-podzolic soil but with a negligible influence on the bacterial composition.

31 March 2025 in Hygiene and sanitation
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AMAnton A. Martsev
Anton A. Martsev
ОСОлег Григорьевич Селиванов
Олег Григорьевич Селиванов
YKYurij N. Kurbatov
Yurij N. Kurbatov
OSOleg V. Saveliev
Oleg V. Saveliev
AKAnastasia Kosmacheva
Anastasia Kosmacheva
TTTatiana A. Trifonova
Tatiana A. Trifonova
Introduction. The paper presents the results of a study of environmental and hygienic assessment of soils in urban administrative centers of the Vladimir region for the content of heavy metals and arsenic. Materials and methods. The object of research is the upper horizons of urban soils in eighteen administrative centers of the Vladimir region. Soil samples were taken in the summer of 2022-2023 in various functional zones of cities. The soil cover was studied using the X-ray fluorescence method to determine the content of heavy metals and arsenic. Results. The maximum, minimum, and median values ​​of concentrations of heavy metals and arsenic in the soils of the administrative centers of the region were established. Soil contamination with heavy metals and arsenic across cities is characterized by significant differentiation. The highest concentrations of pollutants were recorded in urban soils of industrial zones, the minimum – in landscape and recreational zones. The priority soil pollutants in the cities of the Vladimir region are As and Pb. The maximum values ​​of the total indicator of soil pollution were identified in such cities as Gus-Khrustalny, Kovrov, Melenki, which makes it possible to classify them as extremely dangerous. The city of Suzdal turned out to be the most favourable in terms of soil pollution, positioned primarily as a historical and tourist center, in which there are practically no industrial enterprises. Limitations. The calculation methodology, which is focused on soil types and their granulometric composition, which differ in different administrative centers. Conclusion. An assessment of the contamination level of urban soils in the administrative centers of the Vladimir region in terms of the content of heavy metals and arsenic showed the majority of the urban population to live in an area with soils of a moderately hazardous and permissible category. The maximum values ​​of the total indicator of soil pollution are associated, first of all, with abnormal local technogenic chemical pollution caused by the activities and specifics of industrial enterprises using heavy metal compounds in technological processes. The likelihood of high risks to public health and the environment of the urban space of the administrative centers of the Vladimir region determines the need to manage constant environmental and hygienic monitoring of their soil cover, since soil pollution may result in a deterioration in the safety and comfort of the living environment of urban residents.

17 January 2021 in South of Russia: ecology, development
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Journal Article
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TTTatiana A. Trifonova
Tatiana A. Trifonova
AKAnastasia Kosmacheva
Anastasia Kosmacheva
SCS. M. Chesnokova
S. M. Chesnokova
Aim. To investigate the effect of certain antibiotics - tylosin, oxytetracycline and benzylpenicillin - on the potential nitrifying and cellulolytic activity of gray forest soil using laboratory model research methods.Material and Methods. The object of the research was agricultural gray forest medium loamy soil. The study was carried out by conducting laboratory model experiments. The analysed samples were incubated at 27°C and in the absence of illumination for 30 days and then subsequently analysed for cellulolytic activity (by the application method) and nitrification activity (by the potentiometric method). The taxonomic composition of the bacterial community of the studied soil was established based on analysis of amplicon libraries of fragments of ribosomal operons of 16S rRNA genes by the NGS method.Results. The largest number of nitrification organisms in the soil studied were archaea of the familyNitrososphaeraceaewhich are autotrophic ammonium oxidants. Most resistant to the effects of the antibiotics used was cellulolytic activity which was suppressed only by the addition of tylosin and its admixture with oxytetracycline. The nitrification activity of the soil varied depending on the concentration and preparations applied, the greatest inhibitory effect being exerted by tylosin. Antibiotic mixtures slightly enhanced the nitrification process at 50-100 mg/kg and were suppressed in the range of 150-700 mg/kg.Conclusion. Once in the soil, the antibiotics studied are capable of both stimulating and inhibiting enzymatic processes. Mixtures of antibiotics rather than their individual applications produce the greatest impact. In medium loamy gray forest soil the presence of antibiotics is more dangerous to nitrification activity.

1 January 2020 in Theoretical and Applied Ecology
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Journal Article
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AKAnastasia Kosmacheva
Anastasia Kosmacheva
SCS.M. Chesnokova
S.M. Chesnokova
AKAnastasia Kosmacheva
Anastasia Kosmacheva
Проведено исследование влияния антибиотиков ампициллина и тилозина на каталазную, уреазную и целлюлазную активности дерново-подзолистой слабоокультуренной почвы и их токсичности для культурных растений при индивидуальном и комбинированном воздействии. Токсичность антибиотиков для культурных растений определяли методом биотестирования. В качестве тест-объектов использовали семена Raphanus sativus L. var. sati-vus и Triticum aestivum L. Эффекты ингибирования ферментативной активности зависят как от вида антибиотиков, так и от их концентрации. Показано, что исследованные антибиотики наиболее опасны для фермента целлюлазы. Наиболее сильно ингибирует целлюлазу ампициллин (на 96%), при концентрации 600 мг/кг почвы. Концентрации, снижающие активность каталазы на 50% (IC50), составляют: при индивидуальном воздействии ампициллина 300 мг/кг почвы, при комбинированном воздействии ампициллина и тилозина - 600 мг/кг почвы. Тилозин даже при концентрации 600 мг/кг почвы снижает каталазную активность лишь на 28%. IC50 ампициллина при индивидуальном воздействии на активность уреазы равна 400 мг/кг почвы. При индивидуальном воздействии тилозина и его комбинированном воздействии с ампициллином активность уреазы на всём диапазоне концентраций снижается на 58-63%. Наиболее чувствительным тест-параметром при изучении фитотоксичности является длина корня, а тест- организмом - пшеница мягкая озимая (Triticum aestivum L.). Наибольшее ингибирование роста корней и побегов у пшеницы происходит при индивидуальном действии тилозина, а у R. sativus L. var. sativus - при комбинированном действии этих...


1 January 2022 in Theoretical and Applied Ecology
Verified
Journal Article
Closed access
AKAnastasia Kosmacheva
Anastasia Kosmacheva
SCS. M. Chesnokova
S. M. Chesnokova
TTTatiana A. Trifonova
Tatiana A. Trifonova
Массовое использование антибактериальных препаратов в сельскохозяйственном производстве вызывает загрязнение окружающей среды и оказывает влияние на микробные сообщества экосистем, а также на выполняемые ими функции. Уреаза, участвующая в цикле азота, способствует расщеплению мочевины до аммиака, который является источником азотного питания растений и микроорганизмов. Объектами исследования являлись суглинистые дерново-подзолистая (Umbric Albeluvisols Abruptic) и серая лесная (Greyic Phaeozems Albic) почвы сельскохозяйственного назначения. В качестве поллютантов использовали антибиотики различных групп, отличающиеся по спектру воздействия и физико-химическим характеристикам: тилозин, бензилпенициллин, окситетрациклин. Уреазная активность дерново-подзолистой почвы без внесения антибиотиков составляла 0,951 г NH 3 /10 г почвы за 24 ч, серой лесной - 1,178 г NH3 /10 г почвы за 24 ч. Результаты исследования демонстрируют преимущественно токсическое влияние антибиотиков на уреазную активность. Воздействие препаратов зависит как от их концентраций и свойств, так и от свойств и типа почв. Уреазная активность серой лесной почвы выше, чем дерново-подзолистой, и является более устойчивой к воздействию антибактериальных препаратов. Наибольшее токсическое влияние на уреазную активность дерново-подзолистой почвы оказала тройная смесь антибиотиков, серой лесной - тилозин, однако эти воздействия не являлись дозозависимыми (p > 0,05). Установлены достоверные отрицательные корреляционные зависимости активности уреазы в дерново-подзолистой почве от концентрации окситетрациклина и его смеси с тилозином, в серой лесной - от концентрации бензилпенициллина и смеси окситетрациклина с тилозином (p <...