The relationship between conventional lipid parameters and arterial stiffness (AS) has been verified by previous studies. However, it remains unknown whether non‐conventional lipid parameters have certain predictive effect on AS represented by brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Therefore, the study was to explore the relationship between remnant cholesterol (RC) and other non‐conventional lipid parameters and AS in the general population free from cardiovascular disease. The study included 912 participants aged 24–84 years from a medical health checkup center of Murakami Memorial Hospital. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to examine the association between non‐conventional lipid parameters and AS. The results showed that compared with non‐AS group, the AS group had higher RC, non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non‐HDL‐C), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), lipoprotein combine index (LCI), atherosclerosis index (AI), triglycerides/HDL‐C (TG/HDL‐C), Castelli's risk index I (CRI‐I) and Castelli's risk index II (CRI‐II). Then, the authors divided participants into two groups by the optimal cutoff point of 23.6 of RC determined by Youden index. The baPWV was significantly higher in higher RC group compared with lower RC group, and RC was positively correlated with baPWV. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, regarding lower RC as reference, higher RC was independently associated with higher risk of AS, independent of other risk factors (OR = 1.794, 95% CI: 1.267‐2.539, p = .001). The area under the curve of AS predicted by RC was higher than that of other non‐conventional lipid parameters (almost all p < .05). The findings indicated that increased RC was a significant predictor of AS.

Background: The predictive value of triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the US elderly diabetic patients is ambiguous. This study aimed to investigate the association between TyG index and the risk of CVD in an older US population with diabetes.Methods: The study examined data from the 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Univariate and multivariate regression analysis models were obtained to explore the association between baseline TyG index and the risk of CVD. Non-linear association were investigated using restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests were constructed and a sensitivity analyses was carried out. The 10 - year CVD risk were evaluated via the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Mediation analysis explored the mediating role of glycated hemoglobin in the above relationships.Results: A total of 2987 subjects were included (977 CVD patients and 2010 non-CVD persons). CVD patients had higher TyG values (9.01 ± 0.58 vs. 8.94 ± 0.56, P=0.003), and the prevalence of CVD increased with TyG index (P=0.015). In a multifactorial regression model with gradual adjustment for all covariates, the risk of CVD associated with TyG increased by 48.0% in the highest quartile group (OR 1.480, 95% Cl 1.171-1.871, P=0.001). The RCS curves showed a U-shaped association between TyG index and CVD risk (P for overall=0.013, P for nonlinear=0.043). Subgroup analyses showed that in the highest quartile group, individuals with body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m², an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <90 mL/1.73m²/min, individuals without chronic kidney disease, and those with hypertension had significantly higher risks of CVD. Sensitivity analyses indicated that these associations were not associated with other significant confounders. Under different adjustment models, the TyG index exhibited significant correlations with the 10 - year risk of CVD (all P values < 0.05). Glycated hemoglobin mediated in the above relationships.Conclusion: In a sample of US elderly diabetic patients, there is the U-shaped association of TyG index with CVD risk. This implies that TyG index can be regarded as an extremely important predictor for screening people at high risk of cardiovascular disease among elderly diabetic patients.

Growing studies show that lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is related to calcified aortic valve diseases in general population, while the relationship between Lp(a) and aortic valve calcification (AVC) in p...

To assess the link between persistent lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] exposure levels and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This longitudinal cohort study included 1131 AMI patients, categorizing persistent Lp(a) exposure based on measurements at admission and after 1 year. Patients were segmented into four groups using a 300 mg/L Lp(a) threshold: (1) persistent low Lp(a) (low_{on admission} - low_{at 1 year}); (2) fortified Lp(a) (low_{on admission} - high_{at 1 year}); (3) attenuated Lp(a) (high_{on admission} - low_{at 1 year}); and (4) persistent high Lp(a) (high_{on admission} - high_{at 1 year}). Multivariate Cox regression, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis assessed the association between Lp(a) trajectories and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, unplanned revascularization, and all-cause death. Over a median 50-month follow-up, 343 (35.70%) patients encountered MACCE, and 210 (18.70%) died, including 126 (11.20%) from cardiovascular causes. The group with persistent high Lp(a) faced increased risk of MACCE (HR_adjusted, 1.871; 95% CI: 1.474-2.374), non-fatal stroke (HR_adjusted, 1.647; 95% CI: 1.031-2.632), unplanned revascularization (HR_adjusted, 1.571; 95% CI: 1.008-2.449), and both all-cause (HR_adjusted, 1.546; 95% CI: 1.134-2.108) and cardiovascular death (HR_adjusted, 2.163; 95% CI: 1.405-3.331), compared to the persistent low Lp(a) group. In AMI patients, sustained high Lp(a) levels were significantly associated with increased risk of MACCE, non-fatal stroke, unplanned revascularization, and both all-cause and cardiovascular death.