The genusCichorium(Asteraceae) is made up of six species with major geographical presence in Europe and Asia.Cichorium intybus, commonly known as chicory, is well known as a coffee substitute but is also widely used medicinally to treat various ailments ranging from wounds to diabetes. Although this plant has a rich history of use in folklore, many of its constituents have not been explored for their pharmacological potential. Toxicological data onC. intybusis currently limited. This review focuses on the economic and culturally important medicinal uses ofC. intybus. Traditional uses, scientific validation, and phytochemical composition are discussed in detail.

The approach based on analysing wastewater to monitor drugs or pathogens in the population had been used for decades before it became widespread during the COVID 19 pandemic. We have asked experts located in a number of different nations to share their views on the potential and limitations of wastewater-based epidemiology in the future.

There is a growing interest in natural plant‐based remedies as a source for commercial products. Around 80% of the South African population use traditional medicines to meet their primary health care needs; however, only a few South African medicinal plants have been exploited to their full potential in terms of commercialization. The opportunity for bioprospecting of plant compounds for novel pharmaceuticals remains largely untapped. Certain renowned medicinal plants of international acclaim including buchu and rooibos are currently contributing to local enterprise; however, other exciting opportunities exist for commonly used plants which have not yet reached the international arena. This paper focuses on the key research and development contributions of 10 commercially important medicinal plants of South Africa. Traditional uses, scientific validation, commercialisation developments, as well as both potential opportunities and setbacks are discussed.

Heavy metal toxicity related to the use of traditional medicines has been reported worldwide. Heavy metals may be introduced into medicinal plant products through contaminated agricultural resources and/or poor production practices. Deliberate addition of heavy metals for alleged medicinal value has been documented in numerous cultural groups. Poisoning from heavy metal contamination of medicinal plant products has caused countless health implications including liver and kidney failure and even death. African natural plant-based products have evolved to incorporate various synthetic products such as heavy metals for alleged medicinal properties. This review emphasizes the main areas in agriculture and production where contamination may occur. At the same time it highlights the cultural uses and poisonings related to heavy metals in traditional medicines. Adequate regulatory measures and quality control of African herbal products for toxic heavy metals are required