Background: It has been extensively shown, mainly in US populations, that sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are associated with increased risk of type

A prevalência do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 tem se elevado vertiginosamente e espera-se ainda um maior incremento. Na América Latina há uma tendência do aumento da freqüência entre as faixas etárias mais jovens, cujo impacto negativo sobre a qualidade de vida e a carga da doença ao sistema de saúde é relevante. O aumento das taxas de sobrepeso e obesidade associado às alterações do estilo de vida e ao envelhecimento populacional, são os principais fatores que explicam o crescimento da prevalência do diabetes tipo 2. As modificações no consumo alimentar da população brasileira - baixa freqüência de alimentos ricos em fibras, aumento da proporção de gorduras saturadas e açúcares da dieta - associadas a um estilo de vida sedentário compõem um dos principais fatores etiológicos da obesidade, diabetes tipo 2 e outras doenças crônicas. Programas de prevenção primária do diabetes vêm sendo desenvolvidos em diversos países, cujos resultados demonstram um impacto positivo sobre a qualidade de vida da população.

Background: Coffee consumption has been associated with a lower risk of diabetes, but little is known about the mechanisms responsible for this assoc

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between food intake (considering the nature, extent, and purpose of food processing) during pregnancy and overweight, obesity, and gestational diabetes mellitus conditions. This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 785 adult women in singleton pregnancies (between 24th and 39th weeks of gestation) in Brazil. Usual food intake was estimated by the Multiple Source Method, using two 24-hour dietary recalls. The food groups of interest in this study were the unprocessed or minimally processed foods and ultra-processed foods. The World Health Organization criteria for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus and the Atalah criteria for excess weight were used. Adjusted multinomial logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between energy contribution (%E) from foods with overweight and obesity conditions and, adjusted logistic regression models for gestational diabetes mellitus. In total, 32.1% participants were overweight, 24.6% were obese, and 17.7% of women were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus . After adjustments, an inverse association between the highest tertile of %E from the intake of unprocessed or minimally processed foods and obesity was found [0.49 (0.30-0.79)]. Moreover, a positive association between the highest tertile of %E from ultra-processed food intake [3.06 (1.27-3.37)] and obesity was observed. No association between food intake (considering the nature, extent, and purpose of food processing) during pregnancy and overweight or gestational diabetes mellitus was found. The findings suggest a role of food processing in obesity but not in gestational diabetes mellitus. Further research is warranted to provide robust evidence on the relationship between the role of processed foods in obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus.