We studied the electrical properties of bottom contact pentacene thin-film transistors (TFTs) on plastic with and without source/drain undercut. The undercut depends on the Cr thickness in $\mathrm{Au}∕\mathrm{Cr}$ source/drain electrodes, where Au is used for the ohmic contact with pentacene, and the Cr is to enhance the adhesion of Au to the cross-linked poly-4-vinyphenol gate insulator. The undercut can be removed by reducing the Cr thickness less than $5\mathrm{nm}$ . The TFTs with and without undercut exhibited the field-effect mobility in the saturation region of 0.96 and $1.3{\mathrm{cm}}^2∕\mathrm{V}\mathrm{s}$ , respectively, but in the linear region the field-effect mobility of the TFT with source/drain undercut is $\sim 1∕9$ that of the organic TFT without undercut.

In this study, we investigated whether antler fermented with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) increases mitochondrial biogenesis and muscle strength in vitro and in vivo. LAB from a strain library were grown in antler extract agar at the Yakult Central Research Institute of Korea. Isolated LAB, named Lactobacillus curvatus HY7602, were used to ferment antlers. Analysis of the effects of fermented antler (FA) revealed that it enhanced the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I), signaling pathway and mitochondrial metabolic activity in mouse skeletal myotube (C2C12) cells. Next, we evaluated the effect of non-fermented antler (NFA) and FA on exercise performance in C57BL/6J mice. The results showed that HY7602-FA increased treadmill exercise capacity and forced swimming endurance. Furthermore, blood markers associated with muscle fatigue, endurance, and energy supply (e.g., alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, creatine kinase, and lactate) in the FA-intake group were lower than in the NFA-intake group. In addition, the expression index of genes associated with muscle protein synthesis, and with mitochondrial energy production and supply, in muscle tissue was remarkably higher in the FA group than in the control and NFA groups. Taken together, these results suggested that HY7602-FA may be an effective functional food and health supplement.

Minoh Ko, PharmD, MS, BCOP, Jieun Choi, PharmD, Sujin Kim, PharmD, Sung Hwan Kim, MS, Eun Jung Cho, BPharm, Yoon Sook Cho, PhD, Young Il Koh, MD, PhD and Jung Mi Oh, PharmD. Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management 2022;14:149-57. https://doi.org/10.56142/jperm.22.0014