Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of soy- and red clover-derived isoflavones on serum lipid levels in postmenopausal women and to compare the effects to the lipid levels of healthy postmenopausal women without phytoestrogen supplementation. Materials and Methods: Blood levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and cholesterol fractions were assessed. Measurements were performed before treatment and at 6-month intervals over a period of 18 months. The investigation included 74 healthy postmenopausal women randomized into three groups according to treatment. The first group of 23 patients received soy-derived isoflavones, the second group (26 patients) was given red clover-derived phytoestrogens, while the third control group (25 patients) received no supplements. Results: Mean triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL levels of patients in the control group were significantly higher than in both the soy and the red clover groups (p < 0.001) at all three time points, while mean values did not differ significantly between the soy and the red clover groups. The mean HDL levels of patients in the control group was significantly lower than in both the soy and the red clover groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Phytoestrogen supplementation had a positive metabolic effect on serum lipid levels in postmenopausal women. The impact on serum lipids levels was similar for soy and red clover. Ziele: Ziel der Studie war es, den Einfluss von Soja und Rotklee-Isoflavonen auf den Serumlipidspiegel von Frauen nach den Wechseljahren zu beurteilen und die Auswirkungen dieser Isoflavone mit den Blutfettwerten von gesunden postmenopausalen Frauen ohne Phytoöstrogen-Zugabe zu vergleichen. Materialien und Methoden: Die Blutwerte für Triglyzeride, Gesamtcholesterin und Cholesterinfraktionen wurden gemessen. Blutfettwertmessungen wurden vor der Behandlung und in Abständen von 6 Monaten über einen Zeitraum von 18 Monaten durchgeführt. Es wurden 74 gesunde Frauen nach den Wechseljahren untersucht, die nach dem Zufallsprinzip in 3 Gruppen unterteilt wurden. Die 1. Gruppe von 23 Patientinnen erhielt ein Präparat mit Soja-Isoflavonen, die 2. Gruppe bestand aus 26 Patientinnen, welche Rotklee-Phytoöstrogene erhielten, während die 3. aus 25 Patientinnen bestehende Gruppe als Kontrollgruppe fungierte und keine Isoflavone erhielt. Ergebnisse: Untersuchungen der Blutwerte aller Behandlungsgruppen zeigten, dass Triglyzeride, Cholesterin und LDL-Werte von Patientinnen der Kontrollgruppe signifikant höher waren als in den Soja- und Rotklee-Gruppen (p < 0,001), während die Mittelwerte zwischen der Soja- und der Rotklee-Gruppe sich nicht signifikant unterschieden. Der HDL-Spiegel von Patientinnen der Kontrollgruppe war signifikant niedriger als der in den Soja- und Rotklee-Gruppen gemessene Wert (p < 0,001). Schlussfolgerung: Die Zugabe von Phytoöstrogen hat eine positive Auswirkung auf den Serumlipidspiegel von Frauen nach den Wechseljahren. Der Einfluss von Soja und Rotklee auf den Serumlipidspiegel unterscheidet sich nicht wesentlich.

In this paper, we analyze the physical layer security (PLS) of an arbitrarily dimensioned wireless sensor network (WSN) in the presence of an unauthorized attacker. Various scheduling schemes have been exploited in order to enhance the secure transmission of reliable links impaired by Fisher–Snedecor $\mathcal{F}$ fading. The path loss among active nodes is also considered. The exact intercept probability expressions are derived recalling an optimal scheduling scheme (OS), a scheduling policy based on a specific cumulative distribution function (CS), and round-robin scheduling as a baseline. The asymptotic behavior of the intercept metric is also presented in a simpler form with acceptable accuracy. The secrecy diversity orders are defined and the security–reliability tradeoff of WSN is specified. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the interplay of various main/wiretap channel conditions, the distances among nodes, the number of active sensors, and the average main-to-eavesdropper’s signal ratio in order to upgrade the quality of the WSN secrecy performance. Additionally, the impact of the outage probability on the intercept probability is defined for a variety of scenarios under which either the CS or OS scheme could be selected as suitable for PLS enhancement. The obtained results are verified by independent Monte Carlo simulations.

The fractional orthotriple fuzzy set (FOFS) model is a recently created extension of fuzzy sets (FS) for coping with ambiguity in DM. The purpose of this study is to define new exponential and Einstein exponential operational (EO) laws for fractional orthotriple fuzzy sets and the aggregation procedures that accompany them. We present the operational laws for exponential and Einstein exponential FOFSs which have crisp numbers as base values and fractional orthotriple fuzzy numbers as exponents (weights). The proposed operations’ qualities and characteristics are then explored. Based on the defined operation laws regulations, various new FOFS aggregation operators, named as fractional orthotriple fuzzy weighted exponential averaging (FOFWEA), fractional orthotriple fuzzy ordered weighted exponential averaging (FOFOWEA), fractional orthotriple fuzzy hybrid weighted averaging (FOFHWEA), fractional orthotriple fuzzy Einstein weighted exponential averaging (FOFEWEA), fractional orthotriple fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted exponential averaging (FOFEOWEA), and fractional orthotriple fuzzy Einstein hybrid weighted exponential averaging (FOFEHWEA) operators are presented. A decision-making algorithm based on the newly defined aggregation operators is proposed and applied to a multicriteria group decision-making (MCGDM) problem related to bank security. Finally, we compare our proposed method with other existing methods.

In this paper the authors present a conceptual solution for an autonomous smart beehive with a focus on energy efficiency; the hive's existence is based on artificial intelligence. The hive is equipped with an advanced system for monitoring the entry and exit of bees, as well as for collecting data on the weather inside and around the hive. Using an array of sensors controlled by Espressif ESP32 and Arduino Mega microcontroller boards, the hive continuously optimizes the operation of the ventilation system and other components, monitoring energy consumption and adapting to changing conditions. Special accents in the work are dedicated to the monitoring of the solar panel and, consequently, the capacity of the battery for independent power supply of the system, as well as the application of artificial intelligence to predict meteorological changes and optimize energy efficiency. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the solutions and technologies that enable the autonomous and energy-efficient functioning of the Smart Hive.

Contemporary higher education is developing on the basis of Bologna declaration and the concept of „lifelong learning“. Characteristics of the previously mentioned are visible in the joint efforts of all the participants involved (teaching staff and students) to improve quality of education and create content adequate for the needs of the market. Burgeoning usage of technology in day-to-day life increased demand for Information Technology (IT) engineers, which resulted in many universities accrediting IT study programs. Versatile usage of technology initiated the development of multidisciplinary programs so that engineers could apply their field of studies to any area, moreover, they become competitive experts in the labor market. Provided numerous directions of business and diverse needs and aspirations of students, universities introduced elective courses. Not only do they enable students to further specialize in desired fields, but to acquire new skills from different branches of business as well. IT engineers should, beside their primary knowledge, acquire managing and organizational skills, learn basics of economy, law or other fields in regard to particular kind of job they do. Key question being asked when discussing students’ preference and elective classes is whether classes are being chosen based on the desired job specialization or there are other factors which influence final decision making. This paper analyzes elective courses of the Department of Applied Information Technology at the Faculty for Management, Economics and Finance, Belgrade, followed by the results obtained from survey taken by students in regard to their preference when choosing elective courses. Study shows that, besides personal interests for certain course, teachers also play an important role, as well as, passing rate of the very course, other students’ experience and if the course is centered around currently popular topics. Elective classes are of great importance for students, however, they are frequently being chosen based on other factors rather than personal interests. Through discussion with students and by taking their opinions and suggestions into account we could render such elective classes which students would be more interested in and significantly more motivated to take, whereas choice would be more often made on the grounds of very desires of the students rather than on their sympathy for the teachers or higher passing rate.

Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is a highly prevalent syndrome today, yet it remains relatively understudied, leading to limited awareness among users about this syndrome and its preventive measures. This study aims to draw attention to this syndrome among authors and researchers and encourage further research in this area. Data were retrieved from the databases PubMed, Lens, Scopus, and Google Scholar, compiling existing articles and publications from the CVS domain. Analyses cover the period from 1 January to 31 December 2023. Zotero 6.0.27, VOSviewer 1.6.20, and Microsoft Excel software were used for data analysis. A total of 893 papers were reviewed, with 578 papers included in our analysis. The study presents five different analyses showing top authors and publishers, publication trends over the years, as well as papers by source, and, finally, the most frequently used keywords. The results highlight trends in various aspects related to this issue, through the analysis of published articles over the years, along with prominent authors and their respective countries. The focus of this research is on computer vision syndrome and its representation in scientific databases. What is clearly evident from this study is the increasing trend in research over the years, as well as the leading countries in these studies. However, it is also apparent that further research in this area is needed to bring new insights to researchers and raise awareness among users who encounter computers in their daily work.