Nyangoko, B. P., M. S. Shalli, M. M. Mangora, M. Gullström, and H. Berg. 2022. Socioeconomic determinants of mangrove exploitation and management in the Pangani River Estuary, Tanzania. Ecology and Society 27(2):32. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-13227-270232

This study aimed to establish the effects of waterlogging, salinity and light on the early development of mangroves. Seedlings of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lamk. and Heritiera littoralis Dryand were exposed to 12 weeks of waterlogging, during which time growth and photosynthesis were measured every two weeks. The salinity of the water inundation ranged from fresh water to full-strength sea water (salinity 35). Seedlings were exposed to either full sunlight of 1 500 µmol photon m–2 s–1 (SD 397) at midday or shade conditions of 325 µmol photon m–2 s–1 (SD 40) of light at midday, to explore whether the plants would be differently affected by prolonged waterlogging in increased salinities and under different light conditions. Heritiera littoralis was more sensitive to waterlogging, salinity and light, displaying a least relative growth rate of 0.127 g g–1 week–1 (SE 0.032) under shade, and 0.025 g g–1 week–1 (SE 0.021) in full light; while under shade, photosynthesis continued only in fresh water, but photos...