Hearing-impaired people can interact with other people through sign language. The proposed system tears down the communication barrier between Hard of hearing (HoH) community and those who do not know their sign language. In this paper, we have developed an algorithm to detect and segment the hand region from a depth image using the Microsoft Kinect sensor. The proposed algorithm works well in the cluttered environment, e.g. skin color background and hand overlaps the face. Convolution Neural networks (CNN) are applied to automatically construct features from Indian sign language (ISL) signs. These features are invariant to rotation and scaling. The proposed system recognizes gestures accurately up to 99.3%.

Recognition of Indian Sign Language (ISL) could bridge the gap between deaf-mute people and society. Hand recognition is a key requirement for ISL recognition system. In this paper, the hand region is segmented from the depth image using the Microsoft Kinect Sensor in the cluttered environment. The depth image obtained is then used to implement supervised machine learning by extracting and training the features of images. Here, by comparing various methods, it is depicted that ORB (Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF) outruns others in terms of accuracy. ORB is invariant to scale, rotation, and lighting conditions. ORB is also fused with various classification techniques to gain the optimum result. The method is applied to images of ISL 0–9 and is also compared with some standard datasets. Tuning of the ORB with k-NN classification produces an average recognition accuracy of 93.26% with ISL dataset.

Cervical cancer, arising from the cells of the cervix, the lower segment of the uterus connected to the vagina-poses a significant health threat. The microscopic examination of cervical cells using Pap smear techniques plays a crucial role in identifying potential cancerous alterations. While developed nations demonstrate commendable efficiency in Pap smear acquisition, the process remains laborious and time-intensive. Conversely, in less developed regions, there is a pressing need for streamlined, computer-aided methodologies for the pre-analysis and treatment of cervical cancer. This study focuses on the classification of squamous cells into five distinct classes, providing a nuanced assessment of cervical cancer severity. Utilizing a dataset comprising over 4096 images from SimpakMed, available on Kaggle, we employed ensemble technique which included the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), AlexNet, and SqueezeNet for image classification, achieving accuracies of 90.8%, 92%, and 91% respectively. Particularly noteworthy is the proposed ensemble technique, which surpasses individual model performances, achieving an impressive accuracy of 94%. This ensemble approach underscores the efficacy of our method in precise squamous cell classification and, consequently, in gauging the severity of cervical cancer. The results represent a promising advancement in the development of more efficient diagnostic tools for cervical cancer in resource-constrained settings.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) represents a well-documented degenerative arthropathy prevalent among the elderly population. KOA is a persistent condition, also referred to as progressive joint Disease, stemming from the continual deterioration of cartilage. Predominantly afflicting individuals aged 45 and above, this ailment is commonly labeled as a “wear and tear” joint disorder, targeting joints such as the knee, hand, hips, and spine. Osteoarthritis symptoms typically increase gradually, contributing to the deterioration of articular cartilage. Prominent indicators encompass pain, stiffness, tenderness, swelling, and the development of bone spurs. Diagnosis typically involves the utilization of Radiographic X-ray images, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Computed Tomography (CT) Scan by medical professionals and experts. However, this conventional approach is time-consuming, and also sometimes tedious for medical professionals. In order to address the limitation of time and expedite the diagnostic process, deep learning algorithms have been implemented in the medical field. In the present investigation, four pre-trained models, specifically CNN, AlexNet, ResNet34 and ResNet-50, were utilized to predict the severity of KOA. Further, a Deep stack ensemble technique was employed to achieve optimal performance resulting to the accuracy of 99.71%.

The only way to prevent blindness from eye problems is by early detection and prompt treatment. Although colour fundus photography (CFP) is useful for fundus inspection, there is a need for computer-assisted automated diagnosis tools due to the similarities between the early symptoms of many eye disorders. The suggested approach uses cutting-edge deep learning model to categorize images into several disease categories by learning distinguishing features from the input images. The high-resolution fundus photos from individuals with diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, cataract, and healthy eyes make up most of the dataset used for this research. The experimental findings show that the suggested system achieve 97% accuracy with modified efficientNetB3 model and surpasses current approaches for categorizing eye diseases. This approach may help doctors diagnose and treat eye conditions earlier, leading to better patient outcomes.