This research aims at establishing an integrated urban public transport system with a subway route supplemented by conventional bus lines, in order to enable residents’ “door-to-door” travel. This paper first analyzed the attraction area of the subway, and then used the GIS tools to calculate and analyze residents’ accessibility to adjacent bus stops. Moreover, it created a preliminary layout of bus stops for residential areas with extremely low accessibility using an improved potential model. From the perspective of minimizing residents’ travel costs and bus stop infrastructure deployment costs, a bus stop site selection optimization model was developed. According to the characteristics of the model, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) was employed to solve the optimal bus stop locations. In addition, the entropy weight technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) evaluation model was used to evaluate and sort candidate schemes, accordingly, and thus the optimal site selection scheme was identified. Finally, a before-after comparative analysis on residents’ travel accessibility was conducted. Results show that the proposed method can effectively improve residents’ accessibility to bus stops, which facilitates residents to transfer from conventional bus to subway. Furthermore, it provides a basis for the follow-up optimization of the connection between subway and conventional bus lines.

To improve the traffic capacity and reduce the delay of signalized intersections, the delay of coordinated control intersections is studied. Based on the freedom and randomness of the speed change and considering the delay problem caused by the discrete behavior, the authors deduced a new delay model. Firstly, by analyzing the kinematic behavior of traffic flow under coordinated control, it is found that traffic flow reaches the downstream intersection in two different forms. The two forms were as follows: the tail vehicles of discrete traffic flow were truncated and the front vehicles of discrete traffic flow were stopped. Then, the authors deduced the new delay model by analyzing the two conditions. Finally, the delay of the two cases is analyzed, which can be used as the basis for setting the phase difference between coordinated control intersections. The correctness of the model is verified by designing two example coordinated control intersections under unsaturated flow with MATLAB. Results show that the discrete traffic flows will have different impacts on delay or traffic efficiency when they arrive at the downstream intersection in different forms. Through the analysis of the delay of vehicles, when the green split is less than 0.64, the tail truncation delay is greater than the front truncation delay. When the green split is greater than or equal to 0.64, the opposite is true. The phase difference of upstream and downstream intersections can be optimized and coordinated according to the goal that vehicles can smoothly pass through the coordinated control intersection or ensure the minimum delay, so as to give full play to the space-time utilization of the coordinated control intersection.

To solve the problem of lane changing cooperative control of autonomous vehicles in high‐density heterogeneous traffic flow, by analyzing the characteristics of the mandatory lane changing behavior of autonomous vehicles, a dual‐lane utility calculation model based on driving style was established, and a lane changing cooperative control game strategy was proposed. Through joint simulation experiments using VISSIM and MATLAB, the results indicate that, in mixed driving environments, the driving style‐based game model significantly enhances lane changing performance compared to the traditional MOBIL model and ordinary game models. On average, the lane changing position is advanced by approximately 100 m, and the delay is reduced by 4 s. Meanwhile, safety distance thresholds of 80 m and 50 m were set for aggressive and conservative drivers, respectively, effectively balancing safety and efficiency. Furthermore, by analyzing the interactive effects between the initial position of lane changing vehicles and driver styles, it was found that aggressive drivers need to abandon lane changing when their initial position is within the range of [0, 80] m, while conservative drivers can ensure safety even when their initial position is within [0, 50] m.

Paper studied on that evaluation of the Intersection status by applying the capacity of the linking sections of the intersection. By detecting the in cars and out cars, we can know the car`s amount on the sections. To delimit the amount is the capacity of the sections. We can get the average space headway by using the length and the capacity of the sections. We will build on the relationship of the capacity and velocity by using the relationship of space headway and velocity. Finally we can determine the evaluation of the sections and the evaluation of the intersection status.

Reservation parking is a new type of parking that allows users to obtain a parking space for an appropriate time slot by reservation. This paper pioneers a high degree-of-freedom reservation strategy and rules for commercial districts in which users can arbitrarily select parking time slots. The nested logit is applied to build a parking revenue model by analyzing the cost, demand, and price factors sequentially according to the user’s choice behavior. The parking lot price game in the region is dissected and a nonlinear pricing model is proposed for maximizing regional returns. A model validation of a parking lot in an actual commercial area shows that compared to the traditional parking method, the parking lot revenue increased by 69.63% upon the application of this reservation strategy and pricing scheme, while the parking lot traffic increased by 22.4%. This model can provide strong support for reservation parking pricing in commercial areas. In the comparison of scenarios, the scientific validity of this model using dynamic pricing and regional game competition is verified. In the application, a reasonable price scheme can be formulated based on the parking lot traffic, cost, and surrounding parking strategies, which can result in higher parking revenue while providing users with great parking convenience.

As highway traffic demand continues to rise, research on balancing CO + HC emissions and traffic efficiency through variable speed limit (VSL) systems has become a critical topic. However, existing research has primarily focused on homogeneous road segments and connected autonomous driving scenarios, resulting in a gap in alignment with the operational requirements of actual road segments. To this end, this study focuses on heterogeneous highway sections as the core scenario. Based on the modified Greenshields model and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), it proposes a zoned VSL strategy optimized for dual objectives of traffic efficiency and CO + HC emissions. The case study results from the Qin-Nan section of the G75 Lanhai Expressway demonstrate that this strategy, through zonal differentiated speed limit setting, effectively enhances traffic flow stability and continuity. It achieves a synergistic increase in both traffic flow and vehicle speed while simultaneously curbing the progression of congestion during high-traffic scenarios. Additionally, this strategy achieves a cumulative reduction in CO + HC emissions of approximately 9.5% while maintaining traffic efficiency. It offers new insights for optimizing speed limit schemes on expressways under environmental considerations, demonstrating significant practical engineering value.