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Omar Gonzales-Viera
California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Davis Lab, 620 W Health Science Dr, Davis, CA 95616, USA

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Journal article
Published: 01 June 2021 in Viruses
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Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) is a monocyte/macrophage-tropic lentivirus that primarily infects goats resulting in a well-recognized set of chronic inflammatory syndromes focused on the joint synovium, tissues of the central nervous system, pulmonary interstitium and mammary gland. Clinically affected animals generally manifest with one or more of these classic CAEV-associated tissue lesions; however, CAEV-associated renal inflammation in goats has not been reported in the peer-reviewed literature. Here we describe six goats with chronic, multisystemic CAEV infections in conjunction with CAEV-associated renal lesions. One of the animals had CAEV antigen-associated thrombotic arteritis resulting in infarction of both the kidney and heart. These goats had microscopic evidence of inflammatory renal injury (interstitial nephritis) with detectable renal immunolabeling for CAEV antigen in three of six animals and amplifiable proviral sequences consistent with CAEV in all six animals. Cardiac lesions (vascular, myocardial or endocardial) were also identified in four of six animals. Within the viral promoter (U3) region, known transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) were generally conserved, although one viral isolate had a duplication of the U3 A region encoding a second gamma-activated site (GAS). Despite the TFBS conservation, the isolates demonstrated a degree of phylogenetic diversity. At present, the clinical consequence of CAEV-associated renal injury is not clear.

ACS Style

Brian Murphy; Diego Castillo; Asli Mete; Helena Vogel; Dayna Goldsmith; Marietta Barro; Omar Gonzales-Viera. Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus Is Associated with Renal Lesions. Viruses 2021, 13, 1051 .

AMA Style

Brian Murphy, Diego Castillo, Asli Mete, Helena Vogel, Dayna Goldsmith, Marietta Barro, Omar Gonzales-Viera. Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus Is Associated with Renal Lesions. Viruses. 2021; 13 (6):1051.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Brian Murphy; Diego Castillo; Asli Mete; Helena Vogel; Dayna Goldsmith; Marietta Barro; Omar Gonzales-Viera. 2021. "Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus Is Associated with Renal Lesions." Viruses 13, no. 6: 1051.

Short communication
Published: 18 October 2019 in Journal of Comparative Pathology
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A 7-month-old female mixed breed foal with a 2-day history of recumbency and inability to open its mouth convulsed acutely and died and was submitted for necropsy examination. The foal was thin and large patches of haemorrhage were present throughout the peritoneal wall, the diaphragmatic surfaces and the retroperitoneum. Numerous nematode larvae were visible on the serosal surfaces and penetrated and embedded into the subserosa associated with the haemorrhages. The dorsal portion of the abdominal diaphragm had a partial tear and large numbers of nematodes were within the muscle fibres. Histologically, the larvae had a smooth cuticle, polymyarian/coelomyarian musculature and multinucleated intestinal cells, and were typically surrounded by haemorrhage, neutrophils, dense fibrovascular connective tissue and rare multinucleated giant cells. Parasitological examination identified the larvae as Strongylus edentatus based on the morphology of the buccal capsule. Additionally, there was severe muscle necrosis of the tongue and liver tissue analysis detected selenium deficiency. S. edentatus infections are uncommon in California, USA, and are typically non-lethal. In this case, the selenium deficiency may have led to immunosuppression, resulting in the hyperinfection with S. edentatus, and to the muscle damage and tear of the diaphragm. Although ivermectin treatment was indicated in the history, inadequate deworming or anthelmintic resistance may have played a role in the severity of infection.

ACS Style

O. Gonzales-Viera; H. Fritz; A. Mete. Fatal Peritoneal Migration of Strongylus edentatus in a Foal. Journal of Comparative Pathology 2019, 172, 88 -92.

AMA Style

O. Gonzales-Viera, H. Fritz, A. Mete. Fatal Peritoneal Migration of Strongylus edentatus in a Foal. Journal of Comparative Pathology. 2019; 172 ():88-92.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Gonzales-Viera; H. Fritz; A. Mete. 2019. "Fatal Peritoneal Migration of Strongylus edentatus in a Foal." Journal of Comparative Pathology 172, no. : 88-92.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2015 in Journal of Comparative Pathology
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This study reports the occurrence of renal lesions in cetaceans from the coast of Brazil subjected to necropsy examination between 1996 and 2011. The animals (n = 192) were by-caught in fishing nets, were found dead on beaches or died despite attempted rehabilitation. Kidney samples were evaluated grossly and microscopically and, depending on the histopathological findings, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses were conducted. Due to autolysis, a diagnosis was reached in only 128 animals, of which 82 (64.1%) had kidney lesions. Cystic renal disease was the most common lesion observed in 34 cases (26.6%) and these were classified as simple cysts in eight cases (6.3%), polycystic kidney disease in one rough-toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), secondary glomerulocystic disease in 16 cases (12.5%) and primary glomerulocystic disease in nine cases (7%). Other lesions included membranous glomerulonephritis (28 cases; 21.9%), membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (20 cases; 15.6%), lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis (21 cases; 16.4%), lipidosis (19 cases; 14.8%), glomerulosclerosis (8 cases; 6.3%) and pyogranulomatous nephritis(five cases; 3.9%); two of the later were associated with the migration of nematode larvae. Additionally, tubular adenoma was identified in a Franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei). The pathological implications of these lesions are discussed according the cause of death, age or sex of the animals. Furthermore, the lesions were compared with those of other marine and terrestrial mammals, including man.

ACS Style

O. Gonzales-Viera; V. Ruoppolo; J. Marigo; V.L. Carvalho; K.R. Groch; Carolina Pacheco Bertozzi; C. Takakura; G. Namiyama; R.E.T. Vanstreels; J.L. Catão-Dias. Renal Lesions in Cetaceans from Brazil. Journal of Comparative Pathology 2015, 152, 345 -354.

AMA Style

O. Gonzales-Viera, V. Ruoppolo, J. Marigo, V.L. Carvalho, K.R. Groch, Carolina Pacheco Bertozzi, C. Takakura, G. Namiyama, R.E.T. Vanstreels, J.L. Catão-Dias. Renal Lesions in Cetaceans from Brazil. Journal of Comparative Pathology. 2015; 152 (4):345-354.

Chicago/Turabian Style

O. Gonzales-Viera; V. Ruoppolo; J. Marigo; V.L. Carvalho; K.R. Groch; Carolina Pacheco Bertozzi; C. Takakura; G. Namiyama; R.E.T. Vanstreels; J.L. Catão-Dias. 2015. "Renal Lesions in Cetaceans from Brazil." Journal of Comparative Pathology 152, no. 4: 345-354.