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Electric mobility is one of the key technologies that may contribute to tackling externalities especially in the fight against climate change, and consequently in achieving sustainable transportation. Among the different electric vehicle (EV) technologies, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) constitute a strong option for future transportation. Despite the large investments made in the EV industry and the large-scale promotion of electric mobility through several policy measures in the last decade, this market segment is still underrepresented in the total automotive market. The available evidence indicates that there is a remarkable gap between the expectations and experiences in applying the measures. This study investigates the available measures that, directly or indirectly, may contribute to the future success of the BEVs. The authors categorize the available measures (financial incentives, non-financial incentives, disincentives) and highlight the possible cross-effects between them through a descriptive analysis. The main finding of this study is that, as there are synergies between the different measures, decision makers need a complex approach to excavate the market mechanism and implement effective and efficient policy measures.
Gabriel Ogunkunbi; Havraz Al-Zibaree; Ferenc Meszaros. Evidence-Based Market Overview of Incentives and Disincentives in Electric Mobility as a Key to the Sustainable Future. Future Transportation 2021, 1, 290 -302.
AMA StyleGabriel Ogunkunbi, Havraz Al-Zibaree, Ferenc Meszaros. Evidence-Based Market Overview of Incentives and Disincentives in Electric Mobility as a Key to the Sustainable Future. Future Transportation. 2021; 1 (2):290-302.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriel Ogunkunbi; Havraz Al-Zibaree; Ferenc Meszaros. 2021. "Evidence-Based Market Overview of Incentives and Disincentives in Electric Mobility as a Key to the Sustainable Future." Future Transportation 1, no. 2: 290-302.
Electric mobility is an emerging market around the world. Electric vehicles have remarkable environmental gains compared to conventional vehicles, they contribute to decreasing fossil energy dependence, but they need huge investments in charging infra-structure and their market price is much above regular ones. The conditions for market penetration are generally critical in emerging economies, where the purchasing power is far below that of developed economies. In addition, further technical and regulatory barriers hinder the market uptake and augmentation. This paper aims to discover and analyze the current market conditions of electric vehicles in selected emerging economies and to set up augmentation pathways, based on experiences in developed and in developing countries.
Ferenc Meszaros; Mohamad Shatanawi; Gabriel Ayobami Ogunkunbi. Challenges of the Electric Vehicle Markets in Emerging Economies. Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 2020, 49, 93 -101.
AMA StyleFerenc Meszaros, Mohamad Shatanawi, Gabriel Ayobami Ogunkunbi. Challenges of the Electric Vehicle Markets in Emerging Economies. Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering. 2020; 49 (1):93-101.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFerenc Meszaros; Mohamad Shatanawi; Gabriel Ayobami Ogunkunbi. 2020. "Challenges of the Electric Vehicle Markets in Emerging Economies." Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering 49, no. 1: 93-101.
This study investigated the effect of geogrid reinforcement on the mechanical property of an unsuitable road soil with respect to appropriate placement in the pavement structure and implication on the cost of the development of the road. Sample was collected from the stockpile of an unsuitable soil material at a bridge site and subjected to identification, geotechnical strength (CBR) and chemical stabilization tests. CBR strength evaluation test was further performed on the soil sample when reinforced with the use of a geosynthetic, triaxial geogrid (Tx 160). A flexible pavement structure was designed for low, medium and heavy traffic level using three design methods with the improved soil subgrade. The corresponding relative cost advantages were also determined using the pavement thickness reduction factor. The results established the geogrid reinforcement is a better alternative to chemical stabilization of an unsuitable AASHTO A-4 soil. The design results denoted a significant pavement thickness reduction factor as a result of geogrid reinforcement within 13% - 67% savings in pavement thickness for all the pavement design methods employed. The use of geogrids should, therefore, be encouraged as an economic form of improving subgrade soils for pavement works.Keywords: geogrid, flexible pavement, chemical stabilization
Gabriel Ogunkunbi; Ya Jimoh. Design and Economic Analysis of a Flexible Pavement on a Geosynthetic Reinforced Subgrade. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 2019, 23, 121 .
AMA StyleGabriel Ogunkunbi, Ya Jimoh. Design and Economic Analysis of a Flexible Pavement on a Geosynthetic Reinforced Subgrade. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management. 2019; 23 (1):121.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGabriel Ogunkunbi; Ya Jimoh. 2019. "Design and Economic Analysis of a Flexible Pavement on a Geosynthetic Reinforced Subgrade." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 23, no. 1: 121.
Particle-filled reinforced polymer composite (PC) is formed by combining mineral aggregates with a resin system. This study presents the compressive strength characteristics of carbon, palm kernel and steel fibre reinforced polymer concrete. The binder was locally produced by dissolving 600g of styrofoam in a litre of gasoline , it was then mixed with river sand at a binder aggregate ratio of 18% binder to 82% fine aggregates. The various fibres were added in the mix at 0%, 1% and 2% by weight of the binder. A total of 27 specimens of 100 x 100 x 100 mm cubes were cast, cured (air dried curing) and tested after 28 days. The results obtained show that the compressive stength of the fibre reinforced polymer concrete increases with fibre content up to 2% for all fibre types used except for palm kernel concrete and which decreases at 2% fibre content. Likewise the deflection decreases generally for all fibre type used except the case of palm kernel fibre.
Ro Rahmon; Pb Ozigi; Oy Babatunde; Ol Tazou; Gabriel Ogunkunbi. Compressive Strength Characteristics of Carbon, Palm Kernel and Steel Fibre Reinforced Polyster+ Polymer Concrete. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 2018, 22, 421 .
AMA StyleRo Rahmon, Pb Ozigi, Oy Babatunde, Ol Tazou, Gabriel Ogunkunbi. Compressive Strength Characteristics of Carbon, Palm Kernel and Steel Fibre Reinforced Polyster+ Polymer Concrete. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management. 2018; 22 (3):421.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRo Rahmon; Pb Ozigi; Oy Babatunde; Ol Tazou; Gabriel Ogunkunbi. 2018. "Compressive Strength Characteristics of Carbon, Palm Kernel and Steel Fibre Reinforced Polyster+ Polymer Concrete." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 22, no. 3: 421.