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José Gallizo
Departamento de Administración de Empresas, Universidad de Lleida, 25002 Lleida, Spain

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Journal article
Published: 12 July 2021 in Sustainability
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Recent financial scandals and the global financial crisis have generated numerous criticisms of the value and use of annual financial and sustainability reports prepared by companies. This has generated the elaboration and use of a new model of corporate-information reporting that considers strategic, social, economic, and environmental aspects. This study synthesizes the knowledge of the use of integrated reporting as a source of information, and bibliometrically analyzes of 268 articles published in the Web of Science database in 2011–2019. Results show that 77.6% of the academic articles were from developed countries, and the five most influential countries are Italy, South Africa, Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Results show that the development of this type of research is scarce in emerging economies. The most influential authors are García, Rodríguez, and De Villiers. A high level of interconnections is observed in used keywords, of which the most used are ‘sustainability’ and ‘management’. Lastly, this article contributes to the international discussion on integrated reporting by carrying out a structured review of the literature, highlighting previous research.

ACS Style

José Navarrete-Oyarce; Juan Gallegos; Hugo Moraga-Flores; José Gallizo. Integrated Reporting as an Academic Research Concept in the Area of Business. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7741 .

AMA Style

José Navarrete-Oyarce, Juan Gallegos, Hugo Moraga-Flores, José Gallizo. Integrated Reporting as an Academic Research Concept in the Area of Business. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):7741.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José Navarrete-Oyarce; Juan Gallegos; Hugo Moraga-Flores; José Gallizo. 2021. "Integrated Reporting as an Academic Research Concept in the Area of Business." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 7741.

Journal article
Published: 21 June 2021 in Sustainability
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The generational change in the family business opens up expectations of strategies such as sustainability, professionalisation and internationalisation. Yet, there are gaps in current literature which fail to explain whether there are benefits in such strategies according to their management, their generational status, and their effects on performance. This paper compared first with second and later generation companies through the relevant characteristics. A regression analysis was applied to a sample that was identified by the Spanish Family Business Institute with information on growth strategy, corporate governance, professionalisation, and ownership, that is supported by financial data for the period of 2016–2020. The results showed that, although the differences in terms of profitability were small between generations, there were significant differences in management that affected performance. Growth tended to be lower in the second and subsequent generations, which also h a greater tendency to internationalise, being motivated by the professionalisation of management. Previous works in the literature have analysed differences in profitability between generations, however the analysis in this present work investigated the origin of these differences. The results showed disparities in management that allowed for the obtaining of different profitability indices, and therefore are of practical importance in the management of the internationalisation, growth, and sustainability of the family business in the face of intergenerational succession.

ACS Style

Jordi Moreno-Gené; José Gallizo. Intergenerational Differences in Family Business Management and Their Influence on Business Profitability. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6979 .

AMA Style

Jordi Moreno-Gené, José Gallizo. Intergenerational Differences in Family Business Management and Their Influence on Business Profitability. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (12):6979.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jordi Moreno-Gené; José Gallizo. 2021. "Intergenerational Differences in Family Business Management and Their Influence on Business Profitability." Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6979.

Journal article
Published: 03 June 2021 in Agriculture
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This article addresses the problem of succession in family farms in a context of generational change. Family businesses are characterized by their long-term orientation and by having a positive effect through environmental goals that remain in place generation after generation. The general increase in average age among farmers is seen as a barrier to more sustainable land use, and the survival of family farming therefore depends on the availability of a successor in the family. Socioemotional wealth (hereafter, SEW) is understood as the affective endowment of family members. This study adopts the SEW dimensions conceptually validated to analyse the effects of psychological and socioeconomic factors on potential successors’ intentions. The results of a survey administered to students attending agricultural schools in Catalonia show that intentions to assume the management and ownership of the family farm increase in line with individuals’ interest in creating their own business, their ability to take over the farm, and their emotional inclination to continue the family legacy. In addition, SEW was measured in relation to the potential successor and not the incumbent, as has typically been the case in previous work, bringing this important research subject as a principal actor. Finally, an empirical validation of a short FIBER scale, i.e., REI scale, was obtained that relates individuals’ intentions to succeed the family farm to the socioemotional wealth of business families, testing suitability of the REI scale as a measure of intention to succeed.

ACS Style

Manel Plana-Farran; José Gallizo. The Survival of Family Farms: Socioemotional Wealth (SEW) and Factors Affecting Intention to Continue the Business. Agriculture 2021, 11, 520 .

AMA Style

Manel Plana-Farran, José Gallizo. The Survival of Family Farms: Socioemotional Wealth (SEW) and Factors Affecting Intention to Continue the Business. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (6):520.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manel Plana-Farran; José Gallizo. 2021. "The Survival of Family Farms: Socioemotional Wealth (SEW) and Factors Affecting Intention to Continue the Business." Agriculture 11, no. 6: 520.

Journal article
Published: 14 October 2019 in Intangible Capital
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Objective: Our objective is to analyze the influence that the type of CEO has on the management of listed family businesses in Spain, distinguishing between whether the CEO is a family member or not. The study mainly focuses on his/her influence on levels of profitability.Design/methodology: During de period from, 2012 to 2016, with data coming from Iberian Balance Sheet Analysis System (SABI) database. To analyze the effects of the CEOs on family businesses, we carried out two kinds of analyses. First, a univariate analysis that allowed us to identify differences regarding profitability, financial structure, growth, and dividend payout policies, and secondly, a linear regression model to see the influence—as well as the effect and significance—that variables, including the type CEO, had on profitability.Findings: Our results show the existence of a double effect on the profitability of family businesses of having an outside CEO. First, there is a statistically significant negative effect that is derived from the non-family CEOs’ increased propensity to take on debt, and secondly, there is a positive causal effect on businesses’ profitability that has to do with the different management styles that outside CEOs bring to the table, as they are more focused on profits. The results support the importance of having non-family CEOs in listed family businesses in Spain.Research limitations/implications: Our study focused on family businesses listed on the Spanish stock market, which means that the number of companies that were analyzed was reduced and the results cannot be extended to other kinds of businesses. However, this fact did enable us to get more high-quality data and focus on a specific field that was appropriate for considering the problem we proposed.Originality/value: While many studies have compared the performance of family businesses with that of non-family businesses, few have considered that family businesses are not homogeneous and that they have different management styles. And, These styles are determined by the type of CEO that is leading the company; this fact is analyzed empirically in this article.

ACS Style

Jose Luis Gallizo; Laura Sánchez; Jordi Moreno. The influence of the CEO in listed family businesses. Intangible Capital 2019, 15, 128 -142.

AMA Style

Jose Luis Gallizo, Laura Sánchez, Jordi Moreno. The influence of the CEO in listed family businesses. Intangible Capital. 2019; 15 (2):128-142.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose Luis Gallizo; Laura Sánchez; Jordi Moreno. 2019. "The influence of the CEO in listed family businesses." Intangible Capital 15, no. 2: 128-142.

Journal article
Published: 26 July 2019 in Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research
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The aim of this paper is to analyse whether the family control exerts a significant influence on profitability in agri-food companies that have been vertically integrated. This assumption is based on the idea that family-owned firms better overcome the internal conflict that arises in a company by reducing transaction costs. We have analysed the determinants of the profitability and its annual increase, considering the kind of company and its sector. Our results show that family firms tend to perform better, both from an economic and a financial perspective, than their counterparts, obtaining higher levels of efficiency with lower levels of debt. These factors lead to a higher profitability of family firms mainly attributable to the reductions of costs and financial expenses. Even though efficiency and size tend to grow if the family business is also vertically integrated, its levels of financial risk and commercial credit also increase and its sales margin decreases, which cause a trend to decrease in its profitability. These trends are independent of the year and the subsector.

ACS Style

José L. Gallizo; Jordi Moreno; Manuel Salvador. The influence of family ownership in the profitability of vertically integrated companies. Evidence from the Spanish agri-food industry. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 2019, 17, e0108 .

AMA Style

José L. Gallizo, Jordi Moreno, Manuel Salvador. The influence of family ownership in the profitability of vertically integrated companies. Evidence from the Spanish agri-food industry. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 2019; 17 (2):e0108.

Chicago/Turabian Style

José L. Gallizo; Jordi Moreno; Manuel Salvador. 2019. "The influence of family ownership in the profitability of vertically integrated companies. Evidence from the Spanish agri-food industry." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 17, no. 2: e0108.

Journal article
Published: 04 February 2016 in Intangible Capital
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Purpose: The main objective of this article is to go in-depth into the relationship between going concern audit opinion and certain characteristics of the company and auditor, including financial decline. Design/methodology/approach: A Logit analysis was carried out in order to enable us to discover the probability of receiving a going concern audit opinion. Findings: Characteristics of the company and characteristics of the auditor are discussed, and the analysis indicates that it is not financial decline, but rather registering losses and being audited by a small-scale auditor, that increase the likelihood of a company receiving a going concern audit opinion. Practical implications: The results obtained are interesting for the profession and users because they provide evidence of the reasons that converge in the cases where a going concern audit opinion is included in the auditing reports of companies characterised by being immersed in a financial crisis. Originality/value: This article considers the circumstances of both the company and the auditing process, which influence the fact that the auditing report includes a going concern audit opinion. In addition, the article includes the financial decline, and let us to analyze if the decline of the company’s financial position between t-1 and t causes the auditor to include a going concern audit opinion.

ACS Style

Jose Luis Gallizo; Ramon Saladrigues. An analysis of determinants of going concern audit opinion: Evidence from Spain stock exchange. Intangible Capital 2016, 12, 1 .

AMA Style

Jose Luis Gallizo, Ramon Saladrigues. An analysis of determinants of going concern audit opinion: Evidence from Spain stock exchange. Intangible Capital. 2016; 12 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose Luis Gallizo; Ramon Saladrigues. 2016. "An analysis of determinants of going concern audit opinion: Evidence from Spain stock exchange." Intangible Capital 12, no. 1: 1.