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Marlena Cathorina Kruger, Professor of Nutritional Physiology, School of Health Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand. PhD Physiology, University of Pretoria South Africa 1986. Postdoctoral fellow in Biochemistry 1987-1990, University of Texas at Austin. Faculty member, Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa, 1991-2000. Faculty position at Massey University since 2000. Research interests bone density and biomarkers, osteoarthritis and nutrition. Individual Research Medal Massey University, 2016; Performance Based Research assessment graded “A” since 2006.
Background New Zealand Greenshell™ mussels (GSM; Perna canaliculus) have recently been shown to decrease cartilage degradation in a rat model of induced metabolic osteoarthritis (MetOA). However, this effect has not been investigated in human subjects. This study aims to determine the effect of GSM powder on biomarkers of cartilage metabolism, bone resorption, and inflammation in New Zealand healthy overweight/obese postmenopausal women who are at early stage or at high risk of OA. Method Fifty overweight or obese (BMI 25–35 kg/m2) postmenopausal women (aged 55–75 years) will be recruited by advertisement. Participants will be randomized based on a double-blind randomization schedule and stratified randomization based on BMI and age distribution. The participant will be assigned with a 1:1 allocation ratio to receive 3 g/d whole meat GSM powder or placebo (sunflower seed protein) for 12 weeks. Data on socio-demographics, physical activity, and dietary intake will be collected for each subject. Cartilage turnover biomarkers [(C-telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II), C-propeptide of type II procollagen (CPII), Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP)], and bone resorption marker (CTX-I) will be measured in blood and urine samples. Inflammatory status (hs-CRP and cytokine panel) will be assessed and iron status will be measured. Body composition including fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), and fat percentage will be measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Joint pain and knee function will be assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire, respectively. Discussion This trial will be the first to explore the effects of whole meat GSM powder on cartilage turnover, bone resorption, and inflammation biomarkers in overweight/obese postmenopausal women. The results from this trial will provide evidence on the efficacy of GSM in the prevention of OA. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12620000413921p. Registration on 27 March 2020.
Maryam Abshirini; Jane Coad; Frances M. Wolber; Pamela von Hurst; Matthew R. Miller; Hong Sabrina Tian; Marlena C. Kruger. Effect of GreenshellTM mussel on osteoarthritis biomarkers and inflammation in healthy postmenopausal women: a study protocol for a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Trials 2021, 22, 1 -8.
AMA StyleMaryam Abshirini, Jane Coad, Frances M. Wolber, Pamela von Hurst, Matthew R. Miller, Hong Sabrina Tian, Marlena C. Kruger. Effect of GreenshellTM mussel on osteoarthritis biomarkers and inflammation in healthy postmenopausal women: a study protocol for a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Trials. 2021; 22 (1):1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaryam Abshirini; Jane Coad; Frances M. Wolber; Pamela von Hurst; Matthew R. Miller; Hong Sabrina Tian; Marlena C. Kruger. 2021. "Effect of GreenshellTM mussel on osteoarthritis biomarkers and inflammation in healthy postmenopausal women: a study protocol for a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial." Trials 22, no. 1: 1-8.
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) and their metabolites are considered essential factors to support bone and joint health. The n-6 PUFAs suppress the osteoblasts differentiation via increasing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression and promoting adipogenesis while n-3 PUFAs promote osteoblastogenesis by down-regulating PPARγ and enhancing osteoblastic activity. Arachidonic acid (AA) and its metabolite prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are key regulators of osteoclast differentiation via induction of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) pathway. Marine-derived n-3 LCPUFAs have been shown to inhibit osteoclastogenesis by decreasing the osteoprotegerin (OPG)/RANKL signalling pathway mediated by a reduction of pro-inflammatory PGE2 derived from AA. Omega-3 PUFAs reduce the expression of cartilage degrading enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs-5 (ADAMTS-5) protein, oxidative stress and thereby apoptosis via nuclear factor kappa-betta (NF-kβ) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathways. In this review, a diverse range of important effects of LCPUFAs on bone cells and chondrocyte was highlighted through different mechanisms of action established by cell cultures and animal studies. This review allows a better understanding of the possible role of LCPUFAs in bone and chondrocyte metabolism as potential therapeutics in combating the pathological complications such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.
Maryam Abshirini; Bolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere; Marlena C. Kruger. Potential modulatory mechanisms of action by long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on bone cell and chondrocyte metabolism. Progress in Lipid Research 2021, 83, 101113 .
AMA StyleMaryam Abshirini, Bolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere, Marlena C. Kruger. Potential modulatory mechanisms of action by long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on bone cell and chondrocyte metabolism. Progress in Lipid Research. 2021; 83 ():101113.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaryam Abshirini; Bolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere; Marlena C. Kruger. 2021. "Potential modulatory mechanisms of action by long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on bone cell and chondrocyte metabolism." Progress in Lipid Research 83, no. : 101113.
The study aimed to determine factors associated with changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone resorption markers over two years in black postmenopausal women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Women (n = 120) aged > 45 years were recruited from Potchefstroom, South Africa. Total lumbar spine and left femoral neck (LFN) BMD were measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Fasting serum C-Telopeptide of Type I collagen (CTx), vitamin D and parathyroid hormone were measured. Vitamin D insufficiency levels increased from 23% at baseline to 39% at follow up. In mixed linear models serum CTx showed no change from baseline to end (p = 0.363, effect size = 0.09). Total and LFN BMD increased significantly over two years, but effect sizes were small. No significant change in spine BMD over time was detected (p = 0.19, effect size = 0.02). Age was significantly positively associated with CTx over time, and negatively with total and LFN BMD. Physical activity (PA) was positively associated with LFN BMD (p = 0.008). Despite a decrease in serum vitamin D, BMD and CTx showed small or no changes over 2 years. Future studies should investigate PA interventions to maintain BMD in women living with HIV.
Christa Ellis; Herculina Kruger; Michelle Viljoen; Joel Dave; Marlena Kruger. Factors Associated with Bone Mineral Density and Bone Resorption Markers in Postmenopausal HIV-Infected Women on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2021, 13, 2090 .
AMA StyleChrista Ellis, Herculina Kruger, Michelle Viljoen, Joel Dave, Marlena Kruger. Factors Associated with Bone Mineral Density and Bone Resorption Markers in Postmenopausal HIV-Infected Women on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (6):2090.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChrista Ellis; Herculina Kruger; Michelle Viljoen; Joel Dave; Marlena Kruger. 2021. "Factors Associated with Bone Mineral Density and Bone Resorption Markers in Postmenopausal HIV-Infected Women on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study." Nutrients 13, no. 6: 2090.
Objectives Intervention studies using New Zealand green-lipped or greenshell™ mussel (GSM) (Perna canaliculus) extract in osteoarthritis (OA) patients have shown effective pain relief. This systematic review summarises the efficacy of GSM extracts in the treatment of OA. Methods A literature search of the three databases EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Scopus was performed to identify relevant articles published up to March 2020. Inclusion criteria were clinical trials published in English measuring the effect of supplementation of whole or a lipid extract from GSM on pain and mobility outcomes in OA patients. Results A total of nine clinical trials were included in systematic review, from which five studies were considered appropriate for inclusion in a forest plot. Pooled results showed that GSM extracts (lipid extract or whole powder) provide moderate and clinically significant treatment effects on a visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score (effect size: − 0.46; 95% CI − 0.82 to − 0.10; p = 0.01). The whole GSM extract improved gastrointestinal symptoms in OA patients taking anti-inflammatory medications. The GSM extract was considered to be generally well tolerated in most of the studies. Conclusion The overall analysis showed that GSM provided moderate and clinically meaningful treatment effects on OA pain. However, the current evidence is limited by the number and quality of studies, and further larger and high-quality studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness and to identify the optimal GSM format. Nevertheless, it is worth considering using GSM extracts especially for patients seeking alternative pain relief treatments with fewer side effects compared to conventional treatment.
Maryam Abshirini; Jane Coad; Frances M. Wolber; Pamela von Hurst; Matthew R. Miller; Hong Sabrina Tian; Marlena C. Kruger. Green-lipped (greenshell™) mussel (Perna canaliculus) extract supplementation in treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic review. Inflammopharmacology 2021, 29, 1 -14.
AMA StyleMaryam Abshirini, Jane Coad, Frances M. Wolber, Pamela von Hurst, Matthew R. Miller, Hong Sabrina Tian, Marlena C. Kruger. Green-lipped (greenshell™) mussel (Perna canaliculus) extract supplementation in treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic review. Inflammopharmacology. 2021; 29 (4):1-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaryam Abshirini; Jane Coad; Frances M. Wolber; Pamela von Hurst; Matthew R. Miller; Hong Sabrina Tian; Marlena C. Kruger. 2021. "Green-lipped (greenshell™) mussel (Perna canaliculus) extract supplementation in treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic review." Inflammopharmacology 29, no. 4: 1-14.
Greenshell™ mussel (GSM, Perna canaliculus) is New Zealand’s most important aquaculture species. They are a good source of long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC PUFA). Beyond a traditional food product, GSMs are also sold as mussel powders and oil extract formats in the nutraceutical markets. In this study, a four-sequence, single dose, randomized crossover human trial with eight evaluable healthy male participants was undertaken to determine the bioavailability of the n-3 LC PUFA in four different GSM formats (oil, powder, food ingredient and half-shell unprocessed whole mussel) by measuring area under the curve (AUC) and maximal concentration (CMax). Blood samples were collected at baseline and up to 48 h after initiation of product consumption in each administration period. There were minor differences between the bioavailability of FA (fatty acid) between the different GSM formats. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) peak concentrations and plasma exposures were significantly lower with GSM oil compared to GSM half-shell and GSM powder formats, which resulted in AUC0–48 for the intake of GSM half-shell mussel and GSM powder being significantly higher than that for GSM oil (p = 0.013, f= 4.84). This equated to a 20.6% and 24.3% increase in the amount of EPA present in the plasma after consumption of half-shell mussels and mussel powder respectively compared to GSM oil. GSM oil produced the shortest median time to maximal plasma n-3 LC PUFA concentration of all evaluated products demonstrated by a shorter maximum measured plasma concentration (TMax = 5 h). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and n-3 LC PUFA plasma exposure parameters were statistically comparable across the four GSM products evaluated.
Matthew R. Miller; Marlena C. Kruger; Chris Wynne; Devonie Waaka; Weili Li; Chris Frampton; Fran M. Wolber; Charles Eason. Bioavailability of Orally Administered Active Lipid Compounds from Four Different Greenshell™ Mussel Formats. Marine Drugs 2020, 18, 524 .
AMA StyleMatthew R. Miller, Marlena C. Kruger, Chris Wynne, Devonie Waaka, Weili Li, Chris Frampton, Fran M. Wolber, Charles Eason. Bioavailability of Orally Administered Active Lipid Compounds from Four Different Greenshell™ Mussel Formats. Marine Drugs. 2020; 18 (11):524.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatthew R. Miller; Marlena C. Kruger; Chris Wynne; Devonie Waaka; Weili Li; Chris Frampton; Fran M. Wolber; Charles Eason. 2020. "Bioavailability of Orally Administered Active Lipid Compounds from Four Different Greenshell™ Mussel Formats." Marine Drugs 18, no. 11: 524.
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mineral density, which affects the quality of life of the aging population. Furthermore, disruption of bone microarchitecture and the alteration of non-collagenous protein in bones lead to higher fracture risk. This is most common in postmenopausal women. Certain medications are being used for the treatment of osteoporosis; however, these may be accompanied by undesirable side effects. Phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables are a source of micronutrients for the maintenance of bone health. Among them, lycopene has recently been shown to have a potential protective effect against bone loss. Lycopene is a lipid-soluble carotenoid that exists in both all-trans and cis-configurations in nature. Tomato and tomato products are rich sources of lycopene. Several human epidemiological studies, supplemented by in vivo and in vitro studies, have shown decreased bone loss following the consumption of lycopene/tomato. However, there are still limited studies that have evaluated the effect of lycopene on the prevention of bone loss in postmenopausal women. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the relevant literature on the potential impact of lycopene on postmenopausal bone loss with molecular and clinical evidence, including an overview of bone biology and the pathophysiology of osteoporosis.
Umani S. Walallawita; Frances M. Wolber; Ayelet Ziv-Gal; Marlena C. Kruger; Julian A. Heyes. Potential Role of Lycopene in the Prevention of Postmenopausal Bone Loss: Evidence from Molecular to Clinical Studies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 7119 .
AMA StyleUmani S. Walallawita, Frances M. Wolber, Ayelet Ziv-Gal, Marlena C. Kruger, Julian A. Heyes. Potential Role of Lycopene in the Prevention of Postmenopausal Bone Loss: Evidence from Molecular to Clinical Studies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (19):7119.
Chicago/Turabian StyleUmani S. Walallawita; Frances M. Wolber; Ayelet Ziv-Gal; Marlena C. Kruger; Julian A. Heyes. 2020. "Potential Role of Lycopene in the Prevention of Postmenopausal Bone Loss: Evidence from Molecular to Clinical Studies." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 19: 7119.
Postmenopausal women tend to be susceptible to primary osteoporosis due to its association with oestrogen deficiency. There is emerging evidence that an unhealthy dietary pattern drives an increase in the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO), whereas a healthy dietary pattern may decrease its occurrence. In this narrative literature review, we sought to review the role of nutrient and dietary patterns in the pathogenesis of PO. Therefore, we searched and reported all research articles from 2001 to May 2020 in Web of Science, Cinahl and Scopus that have researched a relationship between nutrient and/or dietary patterns and postmenopausal osteoporosis. Nutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and vitamin D have been proven to be beneficial for bone health. Meanwhile, for the dietary patterns, foods such as dairy products especially milk, fibre and protein-rich foods, e.g., meat were directly linked to a positive association with bone mineral density (BMD). Likewise, fruits, vegetables and probiotic and prebiotic foods were reported for its positive relationship with BMD. Therefore, aside from physical activity, nutrition and diet in adequate proportions are suggested to be an important tool for ameliorating osteoporosis and bone health issues in older age.
Bolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere; Marlena C. Kruger. Nutrient and Dietary Patterns in Relation to the Pathogenesis of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis—A Literature Review. Life 2020, 10, 220 .
AMA StyleBolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere, Marlena C. Kruger. Nutrient and Dietary Patterns in Relation to the Pathogenesis of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis—A Literature Review. Life. 2020; 10 (10):220.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere; Marlena C. Kruger. 2020. "Nutrient and Dietary Patterns in Relation to the Pathogenesis of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis—A Literature Review." Life 10, no. 10: 220.
Increasing peak bone mass during adolescence and reducing bone loss in later life are two approaches to reduce the risk of osteoporosis with aging. Osteoporosis affects a large proportion of the elderly population worldwide and the incidence is increasing. Milk consumption is an accepted strategy in building peak bone mass and therefore may reduce the risk of osteoporosis. In childhood calcium, phosphorous, and growth factors are the important components to support bone growth but in adults the positive influence on bone density/maintenance may also be due to other bioactive proteins/peptides or lipids in milk acting directly in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Lactose has been known to increase calcium absorption; galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are derived from lactose and are non-digestible oligosaccharides. They have been shown to improve mineral balance and bone properties as well as causing increases in bifidobacteria in the gut, therefore a prebiotic effect. Supplementation with fortified milk and dairy products with added prebiotics, increased both calcium and magnesium absorption and caused some modulation of gut microbiota in animals and humans. Fermented milk is now also recognized to contain highly active components such as vitamins, peptides, oligosaccharides, and organic acids. In this review, the role of milk and milk components in improving calcium absorption and thereby supporting bone health is discussed. In addition, some reference is made to the significance of combining the inherent beneficial components from milk with fortificants/nutrients that will support bone health through adulthood. Novel data suggesting differences in diversity of the microbiota between healthy and osteoporotic women are provided.
Bolaji L. Ilesanmi-Oyelere; Marlena C. Kruger. The Role of Milk Components, Pro-, Pre-, and Synbiotic Foods in Calcium Absorption and Bone Health Maintenance. Frontiers in Nutrition 2020, 7, 1 .
AMA StyleBolaji L. Ilesanmi-Oyelere, Marlena C. Kruger. The Role of Milk Components, Pro-, Pre-, and Synbiotic Foods in Calcium Absorption and Bone Health Maintenance. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2020; 7 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBolaji L. Ilesanmi-Oyelere; Marlena C. Kruger. 2020. "The Role of Milk Components, Pro-, Pre-, and Synbiotic Foods in Calcium Absorption and Bone Health Maintenance." Frontiers in Nutrition 7, no. : 1.
The prevalence of metabolic osteoarthritis has been increasing worldwide, particularly among women. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the New Zealand greenshell mussel (Perna canaliculus; GSM) on osteoarthritis (OA) prevention in a rat model. One-hundred-and-eight female rats aged 12 weeks were divided into four test groups, containing 24 rats each, plus an additional control group. Each test group received one of the four experimental diets: normal control diet (ND), normal control diet supplemented with GSM (ND + GSM), high fat/high sugar diet (HFHS), or high fat/high sugar diet supplemented GSM (HFHS + GSM), for 36 weeks (end of the study). After 8 weeks on experimental diets, half of each group was subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) and the remaining half received a sham operation (ovaries left intact). The study evaluated body composition, bone mass, plasma cytokines, adipokines, HbA1c, CTX-II, and knee joint’s histopathology. HFHS diet and OVX significantly induced body weight gain and leptin production. OVX rats lost bone mineral density but increased adiponectin, HbA1C, and MCP-1. The OVX rats fed HFHS showed the highest Mankin scores. Importantly, inclusion of GSM reduced these pathological features. In conclusion, GSM might be beneficial in halting the progression of OA.
Parkpoom Siriarchavatana; Marlena C. Kruger; Matthew R. Miller; Hong (Sabrina) Tian; Frances M. Wolber. Effects of Greenshell Mussel (Perna canaliculus) Intake on Pathological Markers of Multiple Phenotypes of Osteoarthritis in Rats. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6131 .
AMA StyleParkpoom Siriarchavatana, Marlena C. Kruger, Matthew R. Miller, Hong (Sabrina) Tian, Frances M. Wolber. Effects of Greenshell Mussel (Perna canaliculus) Intake on Pathological Markers of Multiple Phenotypes of Osteoarthritis in Rats. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (17):6131.
Chicago/Turabian StyleParkpoom Siriarchavatana; Marlena C. Kruger; Matthew R. Miller; Hong (Sabrina) Tian; Frances M. Wolber. 2020. "Effects of Greenshell Mussel (Perna canaliculus) Intake on Pathological Markers of Multiple Phenotypes of Osteoarthritis in Rats." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17: 6131.
Background: The role of vitamin D and omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 LCPUFA) in improving core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children has been investigated by a few randomised controlled trials and the results are mixed and inconclusive. The response to treatment with these nutrients is heterogenous and may be influenced by inflammatory state. As an exploratory analysis, we investigated whether inflammatory state would modulate the effect of these nutrients on core symptoms of ASD. Methods: Seventy-three New Zealand children with ASD (2.5–8.0 years) completed a 12-month randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D (VID, 2000 IU/day), omega-3 LCPUFA; (OM, 722 mg/day docosahexaenoic acid), or both (VIDOM). Non-fasting baseline plasma interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was available for 67 children (VID = 15, OM = 21, VIDOM = 15, placebo = 16). Children were categorised as having undetectable/normal IL-1β ( 0.10); OM and VIDOM (P = 0.01) for SRS-awareness. When only children with elevated IL-1β were included, five outcomes showed greater improvements: OM (P = 0.01) for SRS-total; OM (P = 0.03) for SRS-social communicative functioning; VID (P = 0.01), OM (P = 0.003) and VIDOM (P = 0.01) for SRS-awareness. Conclusion: Inflammatory state may have modulated responses to vitamin D and omega-3 LCPUFA intervention in children with ASD, suggesting children with elevated inflammation may benefit more from daily vitamin D and omega-3 LCPUFA supplementation.
Hajar Mazahery; Cathryn A. Conlon; Kathryn L. Beck; Owen Mugridge; Marlena C. Kruger; Welma Stonehouse; Jr. Carlos A. Camargo; Barbara J. Meyer; Bobby Tsang; Pamela R. Von Hurst. Inflammation (IL-1β) Modifies the Effect of Vitamin D and Omega-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder—An Exploratory Pilot Study. Nutrients 2020, 12, 661 .
AMA StyleHajar Mazahery, Cathryn A. Conlon, Kathryn L. Beck, Owen Mugridge, Marlena C. Kruger, Welma Stonehouse, Jr. Carlos A. Camargo, Barbara J. Meyer, Bobby Tsang, Pamela R. Von Hurst. Inflammation (IL-1β) Modifies the Effect of Vitamin D and Omega-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder—An Exploratory Pilot Study. Nutrients. 2020; 12 (3):661.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHajar Mazahery; Cathryn A. Conlon; Kathryn L. Beck; Owen Mugridge; Marlena C. Kruger; Welma Stonehouse; Jr. Carlos A. Camargo; Barbara J. Meyer; Bobby Tsang; Pamela R. Von Hurst. 2020. "Inflammation (IL-1β) Modifies the Effect of Vitamin D and Omega-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Core Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder—An Exploratory Pilot Study." Nutrients 12, no. 3: 661.
We would like to thank Moran and Sanchez Fernandez [...].
Katie Schraders; Giancarla Zatta; Marlena Kruger; Jane Coad; Janet Weber; Louise Brough; Jasmine Thomson. Reply to “Sample Size Calculation. Comment on Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry as Indicators of Bone Mineral Density in Young Women and Nutritional Factors Affecting It, Nutrients, 2019, 11, 2336”. Nutrients 2019, 12, 21 .
AMA StyleKatie Schraders, Giancarla Zatta, Marlena Kruger, Jane Coad, Janet Weber, Louise Brough, Jasmine Thomson. Reply to “Sample Size Calculation. Comment on Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry as Indicators of Bone Mineral Density in Young Women and Nutritional Factors Affecting It, Nutrients, 2019, 11, 2336”. Nutrients. 2019; 12 (1):21.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatie Schraders; Giancarla Zatta; Marlena Kruger; Jane Coad; Janet Weber; Louise Brough; Jasmine Thomson. 2019. "Reply to “Sample Size Calculation. Comment on Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry as Indicators of Bone Mineral Density in Young Women and Nutritional Factors Affecting It, Nutrients, 2019, 11, 2336”." Nutrients 12, no. 1: 21.
The authors would like to make the following correction to our recent publication
Katie Schraders; Giancarla Zatta; Marlena Kruger; Jane Coad; Janet Weber; Louise Brough; Jasmine Thomson. Correction: Schraders, K. et al. Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual X-ray Absorptiometry as Indicators of Bone Mineral Density in Young Women and Nutritional Factors Affecting It. Nutrients, 2019, 11, 2336. Nutrients 2019, 12, 30 .
AMA StyleKatie Schraders, Giancarla Zatta, Marlena Kruger, Jane Coad, Janet Weber, Louise Brough, Jasmine Thomson. Correction: Schraders, K. et al. Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual X-ray Absorptiometry as Indicators of Bone Mineral Density in Young Women and Nutritional Factors Affecting It. Nutrients, 2019, 11, 2336. Nutrients. 2019; 12 (1):30.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatie Schraders; Giancarla Zatta; Marlena Kruger; Jane Coad; Janet Weber; Louise Brough; Jasmine Thomson. 2019. "Correction: Schraders, K. et al. Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual X-ray Absorptiometry as Indicators of Bone Mineral Density in Young Women and Nutritional Factors Affecting It. Nutrients, 2019, 11, 2336." Nutrients 12, no. 1: 30.
This prospective study investigated the association between nutrient intake, dietary patterns, and changes in bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal urban black South African women over two years. These women (n = 144) underwent BMD measurements at the distal radius, lumbar spine, femoral neck (FN), as well as a biochemical analysis which included the parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D, C-Telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1) in 2010 and 2012. Their dietary intake was assessed in 2010 using a food frequency questionnaire, and sociodemographic and health information was collected. Four dietary patterns explained 54.4% of the variance of dietary intake, namely staple foods and processed meats, home cooking, snacking, and high sugar. Dietary magnesium negatively correlated with CTx-1 in 2012 (r = -0.21, p = 0.02), calcium correlated with distal radius BMD in 2010 (r = 0.22, p = 0.01) and 2012 (r = 0.24, p = 0.005), and the snacking dietary pattern score correlated with FN BMD in 2010 (r = 0.18, p = 0.03) and 2012 (r = 0.21, p = 0.02). The baseline CTx-1 and dietary magnesium intake predicted 22% of the variance in percentage change of CTx-1 over two years (p < 0.001).The magnesium intake predicted short-term bone resorption over two years.
Hattie H. Wright; Marlena C. Kruger; Willem D. Schutte; Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen; Iolanthe M. Kruger; Herculina S. Kruger. Magnesium Intake Predicts Bone Turnover in Postmenopausal Black South African Women. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2519 .
AMA StyleHattie H. Wright, Marlena C. Kruger, Willem D. Schutte, Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen, Iolanthe M. Kruger, Herculina S. Kruger. Magnesium Intake Predicts Bone Turnover in Postmenopausal Black South African Women. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (10):2519.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHattie H. Wright; Marlena C. Kruger; Willem D. Schutte; Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen; Iolanthe M. Kruger; Herculina S. Kruger. 2019. "Magnesium Intake Predicts Bone Turnover in Postmenopausal Black South African Women." Nutrients 11, no. 10: 2519.
Young adulthood is an important stage in the accrual of bone mass. Young women are often unaware of the need, and how to optimize modifiable risk factors, particularly intake of nutrients associated with good bone health. In this study, an accessible way to estimate osteoporosis risk, quantitative ultrasound (QUS), is compared to the gold-standard technique dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in a group of 54 healthy young women (18-26 years) from Manawatu, New Zealand, and the relationship with nutrient intake is investigated. Broadband ultrasound attenuation and speed of sound (BUA, SOS) were assessed by QUS calcaneal scans and bone mineral concentration/density (BMC/BMD) were determined by DXA scans of the lumbar spine and hip (total and femoral neck). Dietary intake of energy, protein, and calcium was estimated using three-day food diaries and questionnaires. DXA mean Z-scores (>-2.0) for the hip (0.19) and spine (0.2) and QUS mean Z-scores (>-1.0) (0.41) were within the expected ranges. DXA (BMD) and QUS (BUA, SOS) measurements were strongly correlated. Median intakes of protein and calcium were 83.7 g/day and 784 mg/day, respectively. Protein intake was adequate and, whilst median calcium intake was higher than national average, it was below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR). No significant relationship was found between dietary intake of calcium or protein and BMD or BMC. To conclude, QUS may provide a reasonable indicator of osteoporosis risk in young women but may not be an appropriate diagnostic tool. Increased calcium intake is recommended for this group, regardless of BMD.
Katie Schraders; Giancarla Zatta; Marlena Kruger; Jane Coad; Janet Weber; Louise Brough; Jasmine Thomson. Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry as Indicators of Bone Mineral Density in Young Women and Nutritional Factors Affecting It. Nutrients 2019, 11, 2336 .
AMA StyleKatie Schraders, Giancarla Zatta, Marlena Kruger, Jane Coad, Janet Weber, Louise Brough, Jasmine Thomson. Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry as Indicators of Bone Mineral Density in Young Women and Nutritional Factors Affecting It. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (10):2336.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatie Schraders; Giancarla Zatta; Marlena Kruger; Jane Coad; Janet Weber; Louise Brough; Jasmine Thomson. 2019. "Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry as Indicators of Bone Mineral Density in Young Women and Nutritional Factors Affecting It." Nutrients 11, no. 10: 2336.
In our previous investigation, delphinidin, one of the most abundant anthocyanins found in vegetables and berry fruits, had been shown to inhibit osteoclasts and prevent bone loss in mouse models of osteoporosis. In the present study, we investigated whether a delphinidin glycoside-enriched maqui berry extract (MBE, Delphinol®) exhibits beneficial effects on bone metabolism both in vitro and in vivo. MBE stimulated the osteoblastic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, as indicated by enhanced mineralized nodule formation, and increased alkaline phosphatase activity, through the upregulation of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix (Osx), osteocalcin (Ocn), and matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (Mepe) mRNA expression. Immunostaining and immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that MBE suppressed NF-κB transnucleation through acting as a superoxide anion/peroxynitrite scavenger in MC3T3-E1 cells. Simultaneously, MBE inhibited both osteoclastogenesis in primary bone marrow macrophages and pit formation by maturated osteoclasts on dentine slices. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and bone histomorphometry analyses of femurs demonstrated that the daily ingestion of MBE significantly increased BV/TV (ratio of bone volume to tissue volume), Tb.Th (trabecular thickness), Tb.N (trabecular number), N.Nd/N.Tm (node to terminus ratio), OV/TV (ratio of osteoid volume to tissue volume), BFR/TV (bone formation rate per tissue volume), and significantly decreased Tb.Sp (trabecular separation), ES/BS (ratio of eroded surface to bone surface) and N.Oc/BS (number of osteoclast per unit of bone surface, compared to vehicle controls in osteopenic mouse models. These findings suggest that MBE can be a promising natural agent for the prevention of bone loss in osteopenic conditions by not only inhibiting bone resorption, but also stimulating bone formation.
Masahiro Nagaoka; Toyonobu Maeda; Masahiro Chatani; Kazuaki Handa; Tomoyuki Yamakawa; Shuichi Kiyohara; Takako Negishi-Koga; Yasumasa Kato; Masamichi Takami; Shumpei Niida; Stefanie C. Lang; Marlena C. Kruger; Keiko Suzuki. A Delphinidin-Enriched Maqui Berry Extract Improves Bone Metabolism and Protects against Bone Loss in Osteopenic Mouse Models. Antioxidants 2019, 8, 386 .
AMA StyleMasahiro Nagaoka, Toyonobu Maeda, Masahiro Chatani, Kazuaki Handa, Tomoyuki Yamakawa, Shuichi Kiyohara, Takako Negishi-Koga, Yasumasa Kato, Masamichi Takami, Shumpei Niida, Stefanie C. Lang, Marlena C. Kruger, Keiko Suzuki. A Delphinidin-Enriched Maqui Berry Extract Improves Bone Metabolism and Protects against Bone Loss in Osteopenic Mouse Models. Antioxidants. 2019; 8 (9):386.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasahiro Nagaoka; Toyonobu Maeda; Masahiro Chatani; Kazuaki Handa; Tomoyuki Yamakawa; Shuichi Kiyohara; Takako Negishi-Koga; Yasumasa Kato; Masamichi Takami; Shumpei Niida; Stefanie C. Lang; Marlena C. Kruger; Keiko Suzuki. 2019. "A Delphinidin-Enriched Maqui Berry Extract Improves Bone Metabolism and Protects against Bone Loss in Osteopenic Mouse Models." Antioxidants 8, no. 9: 386.
Physical activity plays an important role in the maintenance of bone health from childhood through adulthood. This study aimed to explore the associations between self-reported physical activity (PA), activity energy expenditure (AEE), heel ultrasound parameters and bone health measures among older adult women. The AEE was estimated from the responses of questionnaires for 125 older adult women aged 54–81 years. The bone parameters were measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and heel ultrasound parameters by the heel quantitative ultrasound (QUS). This study showed that AEE and the metabolic equivalent task (MET) were positively correlated with the bone and heel ultrasound parameters. However, fat mass (FM) and fat percentage were negatively correlated with AEE and MET. In addition, the regression analysis showed that higher AEE was a strong predictor of a higher spine T-score (β = 0.212, p = 0.015), QUS T-score (β = 0.239, p = 0.011) and stiffness index (β = 0.240, p = 0.010) after adjusting for age, fat mass, lean mass, height and calcium intake. These results contribute to our understanding of the importance of physical activity in postmenopausal women by reiterating the benefits of physical activity for older adult women. Physical activity is an important tool for the prevention and management of osteoporosis.
Bolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere; Nicole C. Roy; Jane Coad; Marlena Cathorina Kruger. Associations between Self-Reported Physical Activity, Heel Ultrasound Parameters and Bone Health Measures in Post-Menopausal Women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 3177 .
AMA StyleBolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere, Nicole C. Roy, Jane Coad, Marlena Cathorina Kruger. Associations between Self-Reported Physical Activity, Heel Ultrasound Parameters and Bone Health Measures in Post-Menopausal Women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (17):3177.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere; Nicole C. Roy; Jane Coad; Marlena Cathorina Kruger. 2019. "Associations between Self-Reported Physical Activity, Heel Ultrasound Parameters and Bone Health Measures in Post-Menopausal Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 17: 3177.
The prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) is rising worldwide, with the most pronounced increase being in the category of metabolic-associated osteoarthritis (MetOA). This is predicted to worsen with the global rise in aging societies and obesity. To address this health burden, research is being conducted to identify foods that can reduce the incidence or severity of MetOA. Oil from the Greenshell mussel (Perna canaliculus) (GSM), a native New Zealand shellfish, has been successfully used to reduce OA symptoms. The current study assessed the effect of including flash-dried powder from whole GSM meat as part of a normal (control) versus high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS) diet for 13 weeks on the development of MetOA in rats. Rats fed a HFHS diet developed metabolic dysregulation and obesity with elevated plasma leptin and HbA1C concentrations. Visible damage to knee joint cartilage was minimal, but plasma levels of C telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II), a biomarker of cartilage degradation, were markedly higher in HFHS-fed rats compared to control-fed rats. However, rats fed the HFHS diet containing GSM had significantly reduced serum CTX-II. Inclusion of GSM in rats fed the control diet also lowered CTX-II. These findings suggest that dietary GSM can reduce the incidence or slow the progression of early MetOA.
Parkpoom Siriarchavatana; Marlena C. Kruger; Matthew R. Miller; Hong Sabrina Tian; Frances M. Wolber. The Preventive Effects of Greenshell Mussel (Perna canaliculus) on Early-Stage Metabolic Osteoarthritis in Rats with Diet-Induced Obesity. Nutrients 2019, 11, 1601 .
AMA StyleParkpoom Siriarchavatana, Marlena C. Kruger, Matthew R. Miller, Hong Sabrina Tian, Frances M. Wolber. The Preventive Effects of Greenshell Mussel (Perna canaliculus) on Early-Stage Metabolic Osteoarthritis in Rats with Diet-Induced Obesity. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (7):1601.
Chicago/Turabian StyleParkpoom Siriarchavatana; Marlena C. Kruger; Matthew R. Miller; Hong Sabrina Tian; Frances M. Wolber. 2019. "The Preventive Effects of Greenshell Mussel (Perna canaliculus) on Early-Stage Metabolic Osteoarthritis in Rats with Diet-Induced Obesity." Nutrients 11, no. 7: 1601.
When developing a sample preparation protocol for LC-MS untargeted metabolomics of a new sample matrix unfamiliar to the laboratory, selection of a suitable injection concentration is rarely described. Here we developed a simple workflow to address this issue prior to untargeted LC-MS metabolomics using pig adipose tissue and liver tissue. Bi-phasic extraction was performed to enable simultaneous optimisation of parameters for analysis of both lipids and polar extracts. A series of diluted pooled samples were analysed by LC-MS and used to evaluate signal linearity. Suitable injected concentrations were determined based on both the number of reproducible features and linear features. With our laboratory settings, the optimum concentrations of tissue mass to reconstitution solvent of liver and adipose tissue lipid fractions were found to be 125 mg/mL and 7.81 mg/mL respectively, producing 2811 (ESI+) and 4326 (ESI-) linear features from liver, 698 (ESI+) and 498 (ESI-) linear features from adipose tissue. For analysis of the polar fraction of both tissues, 250 mg/mL was suitable, producing 403 (ESI+) and 235 (ESI-) linear features from liver, 114 (ESI+) and 108 (ESI-) linear features from adipose tissue. Incorrect reconstitution volumes resulted in either severe overloading or poor linearity in our lipid data, while too dilute polar fractions resulted in a low number of reproducible features (<50) compared to hundreds of reproducible features from the optimum concentration used. Our study highlights on multiple matrices and multiple extract and chromatography types, the critical importance of determining a suitable injected concentration prior to untargeted LC-MS metabolomics, with the described workflow applicable to any matrix and LC-MS system.
Zhanxuan E. Wu; Marlena C. Kruger; Garth J.S. Cooper; Sally D. Poppitt; Karl Fraser. Tissue-Specific Sample Dilution: An Important Parameter to Optimise Prior to Untargeted LC-MS Metabolomics. Metabolites 2019, 9, 124 .
AMA StyleZhanxuan E. Wu, Marlena C. Kruger, Garth J.S. Cooper, Sally D. Poppitt, Karl Fraser. Tissue-Specific Sample Dilution: An Important Parameter to Optimise Prior to Untargeted LC-MS Metabolomics. Metabolites. 2019; 9 (7):124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhanxuan E. Wu; Marlena C. Kruger; Garth J.S. Cooper; Sally D. Poppitt; Karl Fraser. 2019. "Tissue-Specific Sample Dilution: An Important Parameter to Optimise Prior to Untargeted LC-MS Metabolomics." Metabolites 9, no. 7: 124.
Several lines of evidence suggest that oxidative stress is one of the key pathogenic mechanisms of osteoporosis. We aimed to elucidate the bone protective effects of petunidin, one of the most common anthocyanidins, considering its potent antioxidative activity. Petunidin (>5 μg/mL) significantly inhibited osteoclastogenesis and downregulated c-fos, Nfatc1, Mmp9, Ctsk, and Dc-stamp mRNA expression in RAW264.7 cells. Conversely, petunidin (>16 μg/mL) stimulated mineralized matrix formation and gene expression of Bmp2 and Ocn, whereas it suppressed Mmp13, Mmp2, and Mmp9 mRNA expression and proteolytic activities of MMP13 and MMP9 in MC3T3-E1 cells. Micro-CT and bone histomorphometry analyses of sRANKL-induced osteopenic C57BL/6J mice showed that daily oral administration of petunidin (7.5 mg/kg/day) increased bone volume to tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), the ratio of osteoid volume to tissue volume (OV/TV), osteoid thickness (O.Th), the ratio of osteoid surface to bone surface (OS/BS), the ratio of osteoblast surface to bone surface (Ob.S/BS), and the number of osteoblast per unit of bone surface (N.Ob/BS), and decreased trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), the ratio of eroded surface to bone surface (ES/BS), the ratio of osteoclast surface to bone surface (Oc.S/BS), and number of osteoclast per unit of bone surface (N.Oc/BS), compared to untreated mice. Furthermore, histological sections of the femurs showed that oral administration of petunidin to sRANKL-induced osteopenic mice increased the size of osteoblasts located along the bone surface and the volume of osteoid was consistent with the in vitro osteoblast differentiation and MMP inhibition. These results suggest that petunidin is a promising natural agent to improve sRANKL-induced osteopenia in mice through increased osteoid formation, reflecting accelerated osteoblastogenesis, concomitant with suppressed bone resorption.
Masahiro Nagaoka; Toyonobu Maeda; Sawako Moriwaki; Atsushi Nomura; Yasumasa Kato; Shumpei Niida; Marlena C. Kruger; Keiko Suzuki. Petunidin, a B-ring 5'-O-Methylated Derivative of Delphinidin, Stimulates Osteoblastogenesis and Reduces sRANKL-Induced Bone Loss. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, 20, 2795 .
AMA StyleMasahiro Nagaoka, Toyonobu Maeda, Sawako Moriwaki, Atsushi Nomura, Yasumasa Kato, Shumpei Niida, Marlena C. Kruger, Keiko Suzuki. Petunidin, a B-ring 5'-O-Methylated Derivative of Delphinidin, Stimulates Osteoblastogenesis and Reduces sRANKL-Induced Bone Loss. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20 (11):2795.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMasahiro Nagaoka; Toyonobu Maeda; Sawako Moriwaki; Atsushi Nomura; Yasumasa Kato; Shumpei Niida; Marlena C. Kruger; Keiko Suzuki. 2019. "Petunidin, a B-ring 5'-O-Methylated Derivative of Delphinidin, Stimulates Osteoblastogenesis and Reduces sRANKL-Induced Bone Loss." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 11: 2795.
In women, the menopausal transition is characterized by acid-base imbalance, estrogen deficiency and rapid bone loss. Research into nutritional factors that influence bone health is therefore necessary. In this study, the relationship between nutrient patterns and nutrients important for bone health with bone mineral density (BMD) was explored. In this cross-sectional analysis, 101 participants aged between 54 and 81 years were eligible. Body composition and BMD analyses were performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Nutrient data were extracted from a 3-day diet diary (3-DDD) using Foodworks 9 and metabolic equivalent (MET-minutes) was calculated from a self-reported New Zealand physical activity questionnaire (NZPAQ). Significant positive correlations were found between intakes of calcium (p = 0.003, r = 0.294), protein (p = 0.013, r = 0.246), riboflavin (p = 0.020, r = 0.232), niacin equivalent (p = 0.010, r = 0.256) and spine BMD. A nutrient pattern high in riboflavin, phosphorus and calcium was significantly positively correlated with spine (p < 0.05, r = 0.197) and femoral neck BMD (p < 0.05, r = 0.213), while the nutrient pattern high in vitamin E, α-tocopherol, β-carotene and omega 6 fatty acids was negatively correlated with hip (p < 0.05, r = −0.215) and trochanter BMD (p < 0.05, r = −0.251). These findings support the hypothesis that a nutrient pattern high in the intake of vitamin E, α-tocopherol and omega 6 fatty acids appears to be detrimental for bone health in postmenopausal women.
Bolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere; Louise Brough; Jane Coad; Nicole Roy; Marlena Cathorina Kruger. The Relationship between Nutrient Patterns and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients 2019, 11, 1262 .
AMA StyleBolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere, Louise Brough, Jane Coad, Nicole Roy, Marlena Cathorina Kruger. The Relationship between Nutrient Patterns and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients. 2019; 11 (6):1262.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBolaji Lilian Ilesanmi-Oyelere; Louise Brough; Jane Coad; Nicole Roy; Marlena Cathorina Kruger. 2019. "The Relationship between Nutrient Patterns and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women." Nutrients 11, no. 6: 1262.