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Hao Chen
Beijing Key Lab of Study on SCI-TECH Strategy for Urban Green Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

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Journal article
Published: 05 July 2021 in Sustainability
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Focusing on the Asia-Pacific region and the concept of inclusive green growth, this paper designs a four-dimensional analysis framework of economic prosperity, social inclusion, resource utilization, and environmental sustainability. It constructs a scientific and reasonable inclusive green growth indicator system for the Asia-Pacific region. In order to make the research results more robust, the research method mainly uses factor analysis, supplemented by clustering method and entropy method to evaluate and cross-validate the inclusive green growth level of 37 countries and regions in the Asia-Pacific region. The study finds that the level of inclusive green growth in the Asia-Pacific region is highly affected by the country’s economic development level. The latent heterogeneity in the distinct development stages of various countries explains why the in-region countries differ vastly regarding their inclusive green development levels. The inclusive green growth indicator system integrates the availability, accuracy, and standardization of data in selecting indicators, making the measurement results more referentially valuable. It helps grasp the actual state of inclusive green growth in the Asia-Pacific region. The paper summarizes the policy suggestions to promote inclusive green growth in the Asia-Pacific region, involving accelerating economic development and institutional improvement, and reinforcing regional cooperation in the Asia-Pacific area for elevating the overall regional inclusive green transformation.

ACS Style

Meng Li; Yifan Zhang; Ziyu Fan; Hao Chen. Evaluation and Research on the Level of Inclusive Green Growth in Asia-Pacific Region. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7482 .

AMA Style

Meng Li, Yifan Zhang, Ziyu Fan, Hao Chen. Evaluation and Research on the Level of Inclusive Green Growth in Asia-Pacific Region. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7482.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meng Li; Yifan Zhang; Ziyu Fan; Hao Chen. 2021. "Evaluation and Research on the Level of Inclusive Green Growth in Asia-Pacific Region." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7482.

Journal article
Published: 05 August 2020 in Energy Economics
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To mitigate climate change impacts and achieve low-carbon transformation, China has accelerated the development of renewable energy, which is severely challenged by the curtailment of renewable electricity. This study uses a dynamic multi-sectoral CGE model with alternative nesting structures and substitution elasticities for electricity with different power sources to capture the economic and environmental feasibility of reducing renewable electricity curtailment across all economic sectors in China. The reduction of renewable electricity curtailment is simulated during 2021–2030 from the curtailment rates of 2015–2017. We found that the reduction of renewable electricity curtailment would lead to a significant expansion in the output of renewable electricity and a moderate decrease in non-renewable electricity production. Among the renewable electricity, wind power has the most significant output gain (over 9%), with solar power and hydropower outputs rising by over 5% and 1.5%, respectively. However, without the cost-neutrality assumption, the impacts of reducing electricity curtailment would be largely over-estimated with CGE models simulated by improved technology. The disparity between results from the models with alternative nesting constant elasticity of substitution (CES) functions for electricity sectors is highly dependent on the difference between their substitution elasticities. Accompanying the changes in electricity generation, the reduction of renewable electricity curtailment would bring multiple green co-benefits like significantly reducing CO2 and air pollutants emitted from electricity sectors, and improvements in real GDP and employment.

ACS Style

Qi Cui; Yu Liu; Tariq Ali; Ji Gao; Hao Chen. Economic and climate impacts of reducing China's renewable electricity curtailment: A comparison between CGE models with alternative nesting structures of electricity. Energy Economics 2020, 91, 104892 .

AMA Style

Qi Cui, Yu Liu, Tariq Ali, Ji Gao, Hao Chen. Economic and climate impacts of reducing China's renewable electricity curtailment: A comparison between CGE models with alternative nesting structures of electricity. Energy Economics. 2020; 91 ():104892.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qi Cui; Yu Liu; Tariq Ali; Ji Gao; Hao Chen. 2020. "Economic and climate impacts of reducing China's renewable electricity curtailment: A comparison between CGE models with alternative nesting structures of electricity." Energy Economics 91, no. : 104892.

Review
Published: 07 May 2020 in Applied Energy
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As the transition towards a clean energy system is indispensable for combatting climate change and realizing low carbon development, China has enforced a series of policy incentives and investments to expedite renewable energy production. Such an acceleration is, however, contradictory to serious renewable power curtailment occurring recently. Taking on a water-energy-carbon nexus perspective, the impact of such curtailment can be of multifold, far from a lens viewing the mere loss in productivity of renewable energy sources. This study extensively reviews relevant literature to examine the causes and consequences of renewable power curtailment in China, and the inter-connections between water, energy, and carbon emission in power generation. Then two types of experiments are designed, namely the complete-depletion experiment and the partial-depletion experiment, to assess the potential implications on carbon emission and water resource if a range of incremental curtailment reductions applies. The experiments manifest that reductions on renewable energy curtailment would spawn notable reductions in carbon emission and savings on water resource, given the fact that renewable energy, particularly wind and solar power, would require far less water use and emit no carbon emission in their electricity generation than fossil-fired thermal power. We demonstrate that reduction of wind power curtailment would produce the most significant environmental benefits, followed by reductions of solar power and hydropower curtailments. The analytical results highlight the urgency and significance of addressing the renewable energy curtailment challenge experienced in China, which in turn requires synthetic introspection and consciousness on China’s power system transformation policy and its practices. Expected advancement in technical solution and market reform in China calls for enhancing the flexibility of the whole energy generation-trade system with increased, stabilized quotas for renewable energy production.

ACS Style

Qi Cui; Ling He; GuoYi Han; Hao Chen; Juanjuan Cao. Review on climate and water resource implications of reducing renewable power curtailment in China: A nexus perspective. Applied Energy 2020, 267, 115114 .

AMA Style

Qi Cui, Ling He, GuoYi Han, Hao Chen, Juanjuan Cao. Review on climate and water resource implications of reducing renewable power curtailment in China: A nexus perspective. Applied Energy. 2020; 267 ():115114.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qi Cui; Ling He; GuoYi Han; Hao Chen; Juanjuan Cao. 2020. "Review on climate and water resource implications of reducing renewable power curtailment in China: A nexus perspective." Applied Energy 267, no. : 115114.

Journal article
Published: 15 November 2019 in Sustainability
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China has initiated various dedicated policies on clean energy substitution for polluting fossil-fuels since the early 2010s to alleviate severe carbon emissions and environmental pollution and accelerate clean energy transformation. Using the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) regression, we project the potentials of substituting coal and oil with clean energy for different production sectors in China toward the year 2030. Based on the projections, a dynamic multi-sectoral computable general equilibrium model, CHINAGEM, is employed to examine: the impacts of future clean energy substitution on China’s energy production, outputs of non-energy sectors, macro-economy, and CO2 emissions. First, we found that most production sectors are projected to replace polluting fossil-fuels with clean energy in their terminal energy consumption in 2017–2030. Second, clean energy substitution enables producing green co-benefits that would enable improvements in energy production structure, reductions in national CO2 emissions, and better real GDP and employment. Third, technological progress in non-fossil-fuel electricity could further benefit China’s clean and low-carbon energy transformation, accelerating the reduction in CO2 emissions and clean energy substitution. Furthermore, the most beneficiary are energy-intensive and high carbon-emission sectors owing to the drop in coal and oil prices, while the most negatively affected are the downstream sectors of electricity. Through research, various tentative improvement policies are recommended, including financial support, renewable electricity development, clean energy utilization technology, and clean coal technologies.

ACS Style

Hao Chen; Ling He; Jiachuan Chen; Bo Yuan; Teng Huang; Qi Cui. Impacts of Clean Energy Substitution for Polluting Fossil-Fuels in Terminal Energy Consumption on the Economy and Environment in China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 6419 .

AMA Style

Hao Chen, Ling He, Jiachuan Chen, Bo Yuan, Teng Huang, Qi Cui. Impacts of Clean Energy Substitution for Polluting Fossil-Fuels in Terminal Energy Consumption on the Economy and Environment in China. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (22):6419.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hao Chen; Ling He; Jiachuan Chen; Bo Yuan; Teng Huang; Qi Cui. 2019. "Impacts of Clean Energy Substitution for Polluting Fossil-Fuels in Terminal Energy Consumption on the Economy and Environment in China." Sustainability 11, no. 22: 6419.

Journal article
Published: 18 December 2018 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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The spatial distribution of manufacturing plants has a significant impact on resource use and the environment. This paper examines the impacts of the scattered geographic distributions of manufacturing plants on groundwater withdrawal in Hebei Province, China, which is a region with severe groundwater overexploitation. Instead of using traditional methods to measure urban sprawl, we proposed a factory scatter index (FSI) that incorporates the latitude and longitude of each plant to characterize the degree to which plants are scattered throughout Hebei Province. We also conducted a regression analysis using groundwater withdrawal as the dependent variable, FSI as the independent variable, and other traditional variables as controls. The results reveal that FSI is large in developed regions and has a significant impact on groundwater withdrawal that exceeds impacts from the number of high water-consuming factories in a region, total population, and urbanization. This study highlights the impact of geographically scattered manufacturing plants on water use and may provide a new geographic perspective for regional sustainable development.

ACS Style

Yanting Zheng; Linjuan Wang; Hao Chen; Aifeng Lv. Does the Geographic Distribution of Manufacturing Plants Exacerbate Groundwater Withdrawal? -A case study of Hebei Province in China. Journal of Cleaner Production 2018, 213, 642 -649.

AMA Style

Yanting Zheng, Linjuan Wang, Hao Chen, Aifeng Lv. Does the Geographic Distribution of Manufacturing Plants Exacerbate Groundwater Withdrawal? -A case study of Hebei Province in China. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2018; 213 ():642-649.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanting Zheng; Linjuan Wang; Hao Chen; Aifeng Lv. 2018. "Does the Geographic Distribution of Manufacturing Plants Exacerbate Groundwater Withdrawal? -A case study of Hebei Province in China." Journal of Cleaner Production 213, no. : 642-649.