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Saerom Park
Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang-Si 10223, Korea

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Journal article
Published: 16 July 2021 in Water
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Determining the degree of the reducing power of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and granular activated carbon (GAC) enables their effective application in various fields. In this study, we estimate the reducing power of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and GAC by measuring the reduction degree of various compounds with different reduction potentials. MWCNTs and GAC materials can reduce Cr(VI), Fe(III) and PMo12O403−, where the reduction potentials range from +1.33 V to +0.65 V. However, no reduced forms of PW12O403− and SiW12O404− compounds were detected, indicating that the reducing power of MWCNTs and GAC is insufficient for reduction potentials in the range +0.218 V to +0.054 V. MWCNTs exhibit a short reduction time (5 min), whereas GAC exhibits a gradually increasing reduction degree of all the compounds assessed until the end of the reaction. This indicates a higher reduction degree than that of MWCNTs systems. Acidic initial pH values favor reduction, and the reduction degree increases as the pH becomes lower than 4.0. Moreover, large quantities of MWCNTs and GAC increase the concentrations of the reduced compounds.

ACS Style

Heesoo Woo; Ilho Kim; Saerom Park. Estimating the Reducing Power of Carbon Nanotubes and Granular Activated Carbon Using Various Compounds. Water 2021, 13, 1959 .

AMA Style

Heesoo Woo, Ilho Kim, Saerom Park. Estimating the Reducing Power of Carbon Nanotubes and Granular Activated Carbon Using Various Compounds. Water. 2021; 13 (14):1959.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Heesoo Woo; Ilho Kim; Saerom Park. 2021. "Estimating the Reducing Power of Carbon Nanotubes and Granular Activated Carbon Using Various Compounds." Water 13, no. 14: 1959.

Journal article
Published: 19 November 2020 in Water
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Recently, environmental pollution from microplastics (MPs) has become a significant reason for increasing the number of studies to develop analysis methods. The Nile red staining method (NR-S), which is staining polymer particles with Nile red (NR) dye, has been widely used for the analysis of MPs in environmental samples. However, this method has several limitations, as it is difficult to stain MPs covered with organic matter residues. In this study, we modified the NR-S method into an NR plate method (NR-P), where the plate is coated with NR instead of staining MPs directly. The optimum concentration of NR solution was obtained (1000 mg/L), and the effectiveness of the NR-P method for the analysis of MPs was assessed using different types (polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polystyrene), sizes (100–1000 µm), and shapes (sphere, fiber, film, and flake) of plastic materials. The NR-P method demonstrated improved resolution in the overall types, shapes, and sizes of MPs and was better than the control (without NR plate method) and NR-S method. In particular, the NR-P method can effectively observe MPs covered with organic matter, which was a major limitation of the NR-S method. Finally, MPs in sewage field samples were analyzed by the NR-P method with an accuracy of 78% confirmed by FT-IR. We demonstrated that this method is a convenient and efficient alternative for identifying MPs, even for field samples.

ACS Style

Heejun Kang; Saerom Park; Bokjin Lee; Jaehwan Ahn; Seogku Kim. Modification of a Nile Red Staining Method for Microplastics Analysis: A Nile Red Plate Method. Water 2020, 12, 3251 .

AMA Style

Heejun Kang, Saerom Park, Bokjin Lee, Jaehwan Ahn, Seogku Kim. Modification of a Nile Red Staining Method for Microplastics Analysis: A Nile Red Plate Method. Water. 2020; 12 (11):3251.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Heejun Kang; Saerom Park; Bokjin Lee; Jaehwan Ahn; Seogku Kim. 2020. "Modification of a Nile Red Staining Method for Microplastics Analysis: A Nile Red Plate Method." Water 12, no. 11: 3251.

Journal article
Published: 19 October 2020 in Applied Sciences
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The influence of the electrospinning parameters on the diameter of the polyethersulfone (PES) nanofibers was demonstrated using response surface methodology. The electrospinning parameters studied were lithium chloride (LiCl) concentration, PES concentration, feed rate, and tip-to-collector distance. The average fiber diameter was correlated to these factors by using a second-order polynomial function at a 95% confidence level. The statistical analysis indicated that LiCl concentration, PES concentration, and feed rate had the significant connection with the fiber diameter, and LiCl concentration was the most important factor in determining the fiber diameter. When LiCl concentration increased, the fiber diameter decreased, because with more LiCl that is added, more applied voltage is needed to overcome the electrostatic attractions. The interactive effect between PES concentration and feed rate, the interactive effect between PES concentration and tip-to-collector distance, and the quadratic coefficients of LiCl concentration were also found to be significant. The adjusted determination coefficient (Radj2) of the model was calculated to be 0.9106. The water flux measurements showed that the decrease in the fiber diameter of the membrane caused the decrease in the initial pure water flux. The retention tests with 0.6 μm polystyrene (PS) suspension indicated that as the fiber diameter decreased, the pore sizes decreased and the particle removal efficiency increased.

ACS Style

Jiyeol Bae; Hyuna Kim; Saerom Park; Kwang Soo Kim; Heechul Choi. Parametrization Study of Electrospun Nanofiber Including LiCl Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for Water Treatment Application. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7295 .

AMA Style

Jiyeol Bae, Hyuna Kim, Saerom Park, Kwang Soo Kim, Heechul Choi. Parametrization Study of Electrospun Nanofiber Including LiCl Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for Water Treatment Application. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (20):7295.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiyeol Bae; Hyuna Kim; Saerom Park; Kwang Soo Kim; Heechul Choi. 2020. "Parametrization Study of Electrospun Nanofiber Including LiCl Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for Water Treatment Application." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20: 7295.