Nature-based tourism (NBT) has become a popular tool for developing countries to achieve economic growth by the non-destructive use of their natural resources. COVID-19 has caused severe financial impacts on tourism-dependent areas. Revitalizing NBT is needed for economic recovery in those regions and can also help deal with mental health issues worldwide. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park (ZNFP), the first national park created in China, was selected to examine the important factors that influence visitor satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic and the relationship between satisfaction and visitors' environmentally responsible behavior (ERB) intention. The authors collected 788 onsite and online questionnaires from visitors to ZNFP during June–September 2020. This paper reveals previously underestimated factors and offers practical applications for park development at ZNFP and other NBT destinations. Visitors had a high level of satisfaction with the natural scenery of the park but were relatively dissatisfied with price reasonableness, park services, activities and events, and artificial attractions. Younger visitors, especially students, and well-educated visitors looking for environmental education opportunities tended to have lower satisfaction rates. Visitor satisfaction may have a positive but limited influence on promoting visitors' ERB intentions. We propose group-specific strategies for national park managers to attract more visitors and increase their length of stay.

The effect of urban green spaces on traffic noise reduction has been extensively studied at the level of single vegetation, hedges, etc., but there is a lack of corresponding studies at the scale of spatial patterns of urban green spaces. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between the spatial pattern of urban green space and the change in green space’s noise reduction capacity. Through the morphology spatial pattern analysis method, this analysis divides the urban green space in the Fuzhou high-tech zone into seven types of elements with different ecological definitions and simulates the noise condition of the urban environment with the presence of green space as well as without the presence of green space by computer simulation, calculates the distribution map of the noise reduction produced by the urban green space, and analyzes the correlation between the seven types of green space elements and the noise reduction with the geographically weighted regression modeling analysis. The study finds that (1) Urban green space patterns can significantly affect the net noise reduction of green space. Areas with high green coverage can produce a stronger green space noise reduction effect. (2) More complex green space shapes and more fragmented urban green space can produce higher noise reduction. (3) The green space close to the source of noise can exert a stronger noise reduction effect. Therefore, in the process of planning and design, from the perspective of improving the urban acoustic environment, the configuration of high-quality green spaces in areas with higher levels of noise pollution should be given priority, which may have better noise reduction effects.

The physical environment of urban public facilities is an important driver for public health and work efficiency. Unfortunately, citizens are exposed to negative physical environments because of inappropriate spatial forms in urban growth boundaries. This study aims to explore psychophysical drivers and their spatial distribution in campus city community life circles during the COVID-19 pandemic. Questionnaires and measuring equipment were used to gather psychophysical information in a 15 min campus city community life circle in Fuzhou, China. To this end, acoustic, light and thermal environments were used to map spatial distributions. We then explored relationships between spatial form and psychophysical parameters. The study results show that the distance to road (DTR), green area ratio (GR) and street width (SW) are all potential spatial drivers for psychophysical information. Furthermore, the acoustical, light and thermal environments provide interactions for the public understanding of the environment. These findings contribute to the understanding and evaluation of psychophysical drivers, spurring regional industry in community life circles and contributing to developing suitable plans and industrial distribution in urban areas.

Although the impacts and challenges of tourism in towns and cities near protected areas have been studied extensively, there is a lack of both data and understanding that limits progress towards generalizable solutions, planning strategies, and guidance for addressing the increasing pressures affecting these communities. This article compares the factors influencing residents’ perceptions and local support of tourism in five gateway communities to Grand Canyon National Park. Importance–performance analysis (IPA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to assess the proposed measurements of perceptions and hypotheses concerning local support and to compare the relationships among selected variables, such as community participation (CP), living environment (LE), trust in tourism institutions (TT), tourism benefits (TB), community satisfaction (CS), and perceived tourism cost (TC). Four groups of factors influenced residents’ perceptions; these were classified into four stages based on their management priority. A gap between the desires of community residents for the development of national parks and community tourism and the current state of development was identified, suggesting that these communities would benefit from management measures to mitigate the impacts of tourism. Through SEM, five factors were verified as drivers of local support for national park tourism development, including community participation, living environment, trust in tourism institutions, tourism benefits, and community satisfaction. Perceived tourism cost was not found to be a significant driver.