Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are short, synthetic, single‐stranded deoxynucleotide sequences composed of phosphate backbone‐connected sugar rings. Designing of those strands is based on Watson‐Crick hydrogen bonding mechanism. Thanks to rapidly advancing medicine and technology, evolving of the gene therapy area and ASO approaches gain attention. Considering the genetic basis of diseases, it is promising that gene therapy approaches offer more specific and effective options compared to conventional treatments. The objective of this review is to explain the mechanism of ASOs and discuss the characteristics and safety profiles of therapeutic agents in this field. Pharmacovigilance for gene therapy products is complex, requiring accurate assessment of benefit‐risk balance and evaluation of adverse effects.

People often use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods in Turkey, but reliability of the application of these methods is controversial. Considering the role of medical students (i.e....

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral hydrolyzed collagen peptide (HCP) in healthy females by assessing the skin parameters via biophysical and skin imaging techniques. Methods: 112 females were randomly assigned to receive either HCP (n = 57; 10 g CollaSel Pro^®) or placebo (n = 55; 10 g maltodextrin) daily for eight weeks. The contribution of HCP to skin elasticity, hydration, and roughness was investigated against a placebo, while the facial soft tissue sagging (RMS) and safety data were also recorded. Results: HCP was associated with significant improvements in skin elasticity (p = 0.009), skin hydration (p ranged from 0.003 to <0.001), and skin roughness (p ranged from 0.002 to <0.001). In the HCP vs. the placebo group, week eight values for skin elasticity (43.0 (7.4) vs. 40.3 (3.3) mPa, p = 0.017), skin hydration (65.8 (18.9) vs. 53.1 (14.9) g/m³, p < 0.001) and skin roughness (40.2 (20.4) vs. 24.9 (20.9) g/m³, p < 0.001) were significantly higher. In the HCP group, week 8 RMS values were significantly lower than baseline values (1.02 (0.21) vs. 1.10 (0.21) mm, p = 0.012). Conclusions: CollaSel Pro^® HCP can be considered a well-tolerated, safe product that effectively improves dermal health and the appearance of sagging and ameliorates the signs of the aging process.

Although most studies about physician knowledge and attitude toward biosimilars have been conducted on specialists, studies addressing this issue among medical students are missing.We aimed to eval...