This study aimed at investigating white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB) cases in breast meat collected from commercial broilers. A total of 183 breast samples were collected from male Ross 308 broilers slaughtered at the age of 6 weeks (n = 100) and 7 weeks (n = 83). The breasts were subjected to meat defect inspection, meat quality determination and histology evaluation. Of 183, 4 breasts from 6-week-old broilers were classified as non-defective while the others exhibited the WS lesion. Among the 6-week-old birds, the defective samples from the medium size birds (carcass weight ≤2.5 kg) showed mild to moderate WS degree with no altered meat quality. Some of the breasts from the 6-week-old birds with carcass weight above 2.5 kg exhibited WB in accompanied with the WS condition. Besides of a reduction of protein content, increases in collagen matter and pH values in the defective samples (p<0.05), no other impaired quality indices were detected within this group. All 7-week-old broilers yielded carcasses weighing above 2.5 kg and showed abnormal characteristics with progressive severity. The breasts affected with severe WS and WB showed the greatest cook loss, hardness, springiness and chewiness (p<0.05). Development of WB induced significantly increased drip loss in the samples (p<0.05). Histology indicated necrotic events in the defective myofibers. Based on logistic regression, increasing percent breast weight by one unit enhanced the chance of WS and WB development with advanced severity by 50.9% and 61.0%, respectively. Delayed slaughter age from 6 to 7 weeks increased the likelihood of obtaining increased WS severity by 56.3%. Cases of WS and WB defects in Southeast Asia have been revealed. Despite few cases of the severe WS and WB, such abnormal conditions significantly impaired technological properties and nutritional quality of broiler breasts.

Osteoporosis is a serious problem affecting health of the elderly. Drugs (bisphosphonates) applied for treatment are often accompanied by adverse side effects. Thus, fish byproduct-derived peptides, particularly hydrolyzed collagen (HC) from defatted sea bass skin, could be a safe source of anti-osteoporosis agents. This study aimed to examine the effects of HC on proliferation and differentiation of preosteoblast cells. HC prepared using papain before Alcalase hydrolysis was determined for molecular weight (MW) distribution. Thereafter, the resulting HC (50–800 µg/mL) was added to the cell. Proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity (AP-A) and mineralization of cells were investigated. Moreover, the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and the p-Akt/Akt pathway were also determined using Western blot. The results showed that HC had an MW < 3 kDa. HC (50–200 µg/mL) could promote cell proliferation. Nevertheless, HC at 100 µg/mL (HC-100) had enhanced AP-A and increased mineralization during the first 7 days of culture. Moreover, HC-treated cells had higher calcium depositions than the control (p < 0.05). Additionally, cells treated with HC-100 had higher levels of RUNX2 and p-Akt expressions than control (p < 0.05). Therefore, HC could be a promising functional ingredient to promote osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, which could enhance bone strength.

Non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) caused by ingesting Salmonella enterica contaminated food or drink remains a major bacterial foodborne disease. Clinical outcomes of NTS range from self-limited gastroenteritis to life-threatening invasive NTS (iNTS). In this study, we isolated Salmonella spp. from the stool and blood of patients hospitalized at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand, between 2016–2021 (a total of 395 cases). Then, serovar Typhimurium and Enteritidis were identified and further characterized by multiplex PCR, and multi-locus sequence typing. Our data show that multidrug resistance (MDR) sequence type 34 (ST34) and ST11 are the predominant sequence types for serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis, respectively. Most S. Typhimurium ST34 lacks spvB, and most S. Enteritidis ST11 harbor sseI, sodCI, rpoS and spvB genes. NTS can be found in a wide range of ages, and anemia could be a significant factor for S. Typhimurium infection (86.3%). Both S. Typhimurium (6.7%) and S. Enteritidis (25.0%) can cause iNTS in immunocompromised patients. S. Typhimurium conferred MDR phenotype higher than S. Enteritidis with multiple antibiotic resistance indexes of 0.22 and 0.04, respectively. Here, we characterized the important S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, and human clinical factors of NTS within the region.