An absolute MEMS capacitance vacuum sensor with a full range of (1-1000) Pa has been designed, fabricated and tested. The working principle of the capacitance vacuum sensor is explained and its fabrication process is introduced. For obtaining high sensitivity, the sensor's pressure-sensing diaphragm with large width-to-thickness ratio is manufactured using the silicon-on-insulator (SOI). A silicon buffer block is adopted to improve the linearity of the sensor and prevent the pressure-sensing diaphragm from being damaged due to overload. The sensor is packaged by anodic bonding process in a certain high vacuum environment to form a sealed cavity, in which the vacuum degree is maintained by the non-evaporable getter (NEG) film deposited on the buffer block surface. The absolute pressure measurement of the packaged sensor has been performed with a vacuum measurement system. The tests results show that the capacitance-pressure curve is piecewise linear in the full range (1-1000) Pa. And the sensor exhibits high stability and reproducibility. The maximum sensitivity of the sensor is 33.03 fF/Pa, while the resolution can reach 0.5 Pa. Moreover, the temperature characteristic of the sensor has been evaluated, and it turns out that the effect of temperature on the sensor is quite small in a certain temperature range. [2020-0276]