This review focuses upon interactions and potential therapeutic targets in the ‘vicious cycle’ between hypoxia and neoangiogenesis following treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with transarterial loco-regional therapies. Biomarkers correlated with angiogenesis have been studied by many authors as prognostic determinants following transarterial intrahepatic therapy. According to these results future therapies directed toward specific factors related to angiogenesis could play a significant role in preventing local tumor recurrence and remote metastasis.

Key Points: SRL and PDN often induce disease stabilization or objective responses in patients with ECD. The phosphorylated forms of mTOR and of its downstream kinase p70S6K are strongly expressed in infiltrating histiocytes.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death both in men and in women worldwide.¹ x 1 Jemal, A, Siegel, R, Xu, J et al. Cancer Statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2010; 60: 277–300 Crossref | PubMed | Scopus (10908) | Google Scholar See all References Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 80 to 85% of all lung cancers and is classified according to the World Health Organization criteria into three major types: adenocarcinoma (50%), squamous cell carcinoma (30–35%), and large cell carcinoma (5–10%).² x 2 Travis, WD, Brambilla, E, Müller-Hermelink, HK et al. Pathology and Genetics: Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart. IARC, Lyon; 2004 Google Scholar See all References

A modified coronary artery calcium score at low-dose CT correlates poorly with emphysema extent as quantified with automated CT analysis and percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second and has the strongest association with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in a lung cancer screening population. PurposeTo assess the relationship between a modified coronary artery calcium (mCAC) score and both forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and pulmonary emphysema and the associations of such factors with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events (CVEs) in a lung cancer computed tomographic (CT) screening trial.Materials and MethodsIn this institutional review board–approved study, both clinical and low-dose CT data were evaluated in a cohort of heavy smokers consecutively recruited by the Multicentric Italian Lung Detection, or MILD, trial. Low-dose CT images were analyzed by using software that allowed quantification of mCAC, mean lung attenuation (MLA), and total extent of emphysema. The correlations between mCAC, percentage predicted FEV1, MLA, and emphysema extent were tested by using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Adjusted multiple logistic regression models were applied to assess the relationships between mCAC, FEV1, MLA, and emphysema extent and all-cause mortality and CVEs.ResultsTh...