Currently, light‐emitting diode (LED) technology has produced a more energy‐efficient and versatile technology as an artificial lighting system that can be applied in the agricultural sector. Artificial lighting technology has been proven to be effective in increasing the production of agricultural products, especially horticultural commodities. As one of the primary horticulture commodities, tomatoes are the most common crop produced in controlled environments with LED artificial lighting. The focus of this study is to describe the application of LED lights in tomato cultivation and postharvest. We provide an amalgamation of the recent research achievements on the impact of LED lighting on photosynthesis, vegetative growth, flowering, production, and postharvest of tomatoes. Red‐blue (RB) lighting induces photosynthesis; increases the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids in tomato leaves; regulates vegetative growth in tomatoes; and increases the production of tomatoes. In postharvest tomatoes, blue LED lighting treatment can slowly change the color of the tomato skin to red, maintain hardness, and increase shelf life. Future research may be carried out on the effect of LED artificial lighting on tomatoes’ phytochemical, antioxidant and other crucial nutritional content. Different LED wavelengths can be explored to enhance various bioactive compounds and health‐promoting components.

Cut flowers are horticultural products that have great potential to be developed. Efforts to maintain quality and extend the shelf life of cut flowers are very important to obtain a product that is accepted in the market. The main problems of chrysanthemum cut flowers are the leaves easily turning yellow, wilting, and failure to fully open flowers. This study aimed to obtain the best pulsing solution formulation that increases vase life and maintains the freshness of chrysanthemum cut flowers. Pulsing solution treatment was carried out on chrysanthemum cut flowers during the evaluation period. Pulsing solution treatment consisted of control, AgNO₃, nano-Ag (NAg), ZnO, and nano-Zn (NZn). The results showed that NAg20 treatment increased the vase life of chrysanthemum cut flowers up to 23days, which was 19days longer than the control. Nano-Ag inhibits bacterial growth, flower wilting, color degradation, and carotenoids. In addition, nano-Ag increased the size of the bloom-flower diameter. Considering the results of all postharvest quality parameters mentioned above, NAg20 extends the vase life of chrysanthemum cut flowers.

Kalanchoe species have been used as herbal medicines in traditional Asian medicine. One of the Kalanchoe species that has the potential as a medicinal plant and is still limited in its studies is Kalanchoe ceratophylla . This study investigated the effects of drying methods, namely, freeze drying (FD) and hot air drying (HAD), on bioactive compounds, phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidants in Kalanchoe ceratophylla leaves and stems. The content of bioactive compounds in K . ceratophylla leaves and stems was identified with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis. In addition, the antioxidant activity of K. ceratophylla was also measured. The results of GC‐MS on K. ceratophylla contain major bioactive compounds including gamma.‐Sitosterol, Glutinol, Friedelan‐3‐one, Squalene, Ergost‐5‐en‐3‐ol, (3.β.)‐, Erythritol, and Neophytadiene. The main component identified in the leaf and stem extracts of K. ceratophylla is gamma‐sitosterol (± 15%), which shows anticancer and antidiabetic effects. The antioxidant activity in K. ceratophylla with the FD method was higher than that with the HAD method. This study suggests that FD was considered appropriate and should be used to maintain the content of important bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in K. ceratophylla . These findings suggest that further research and development of bioactive compounds essential for their pharmacological properties in K. ceratophylla may be warranted, with the potential for developing new drugs.

Scarcity of shallot supply often occurs in Indonesia. Production into powder is one of the solutions to overcome the problem. In the form of powder there is an advantage of having a longer shelf life and ease of use. Storability study is very important especially for new food products from result of research and development activities. The purpose of this study is to predict the shelf life of shallot powder soaked with the two anti-browning ingredients (citric acid 1% and sodium bisulphite 500 ppm) by using an acceleration method. Shallot powder samples packed in alufo bags and stored at temperatures of 20 oC, 30 oC and 40 oC. The shelf life prediction using acceleration method through semi-empirical approach to the Arrhenius equation with the critical parameters of the color values (oHoe). The results of multivariete analyses showed that the use if color parameter as determinated parameter is appropriate. The results showed that the shallot powder with sodium bisulfite soaking has a longer shelf life by 9.3 months, compared to soaking with citric acid having 7 months at room temperature.

Bioethanol is one of renewable energy considered as fuel petroleum substitute. Generally, bioethanol can be obtained from raw material which contain of sugar, starch or lignocelluloses, i.e sorghum. The aim of this study was to obtain the optimum condition of NaOH concentration and cellulase:xylanase enzymes for bioethanol production from sweet sorghum bagasse. Raw material used was sweet sorghum bagasse. The experiment was conducted four stages: 1) characteristics of raw materials; 2) optimization effect of NaOH solution on delignification process, experimental design at this stage was completely randomized design (CRD) with 1 factor; 3) optimization effect of cellulase and xylanase enzymes (1:1% and (2:2%) to bioethanol production on scale of 500 g raw materials, statistical analysis that used in this stage was t-student test; 4) optimization process of bioethanol production on scale of 50 kg raw material. The results showed that the optimum condition to produced bioethanol from sweet sorghum bagasse was addition of 10% NaOH solution at a temperature of 120-130 0 C for 20 minutes. Furthermore, the resulted material from delignification was proceesed to saccharification and hydrolysis using xylanase: cellulase with ratio of 1:1. The bioethanol produced was 13.7% from total sweet sorghum bagasse powder used with alcohol content of 82.8%.