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Phosphate is an important component for the growth of plants and microorganisms; however, excess phosphate causes serious eutrophication in natural waters. New potential low-loss adsorbents from natural biomass for phosphate removal are desired. Bamboo is one of the most abundant renewable cellulose resources; however, the pure bamboo cellulose is poor to adsorb phosphate. To enhance the adsorption capacity, in this work, bamboo sawdust (BS) was chemically modified by two kinds of amines. First, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was grafted on BS using radiation induced graft polymerization. Then, the GMA-grafted BS was further modified by a ring-opening reaction with amines, including ethylenediamine (EDA) and pentaethylene hexamine (PEHA). The amine groups were then quaternized to prepare the BS-GMA-EDA-Q and BS-GMA-PEHA-Q adsorbents. The adsorbents were characterized by FTIR, SEM, TG, and XPS analysis. The adsorption performances of the adsorbents for phosphate were evaluated through batch experiments. The adsorption by BS-GMA-EDA-Q and BS-GMA-PEHA-Q both well obeyed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption process was chemical monomolecular layer adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacities for BS-GMA-EDA-Q and BS-GMA-PEHA-Q calculated by the Langmuir model were 85.25 and 152.21 mg/g, respectively. A total of 1 mol/L HCl was used to elute the saturated adsorbents. A negligible decrease in adsorption capacity was found after five adsorption–desorption cycles.
Jifu Du; Houhua Xiong; Zhen Dong; Xin Yang; Long Zhao; Jun Yang. Ethylenediamine and Pentaethylene Hexamine Modified Bamboo Sawdust by Radiation Grafting and Their Adsorption Behavior for Phosphate. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 7854 .
AMA StyleJifu Du, Houhua Xiong, Zhen Dong, Xin Yang, Long Zhao, Jun Yang. Ethylenediamine and Pentaethylene Hexamine Modified Bamboo Sawdust by Radiation Grafting and Their Adsorption Behavior for Phosphate. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (17):7854.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJifu Du; Houhua Xiong; Zhen Dong; Xin Yang; Long Zhao; Jun Yang. 2021. "Ethylenediamine and Pentaethylene Hexamine Modified Bamboo Sawdust by Radiation Grafting and Their Adsorption Behavior for Phosphate." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17: 7854.
The distribution of disk output voltage is a key factor for the design of an insulated core transformer (ICT) high-voltage power supply. The development of an ICT involves the design and optimization of many parameters, which greatly affect the uniformity of disk output voltage. A new ICT structure with dummy primary windings can compensate for the disk output voltage, which aims to improve uniformity. In this work, an optimization method based on a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was used to optimize the design parameters of an ICT with dummy primary windings. It achieved an optimal uniformity of disk output voltage and load regulation. The design parameters, including the number of secondary winding turns and the compensation capacitance, were optimized based on the finite-element method (FEM) and Simulink circuit simulation. The results show that the maximum non-uniformity of the disk output voltage is reduced from 11.1% to 4.4% from no-load to a full load for a 200 kV/20 mA HUST-ICT prototype. Moreover, the load regulation is greatly reduced from 14.3% to 9.6%. The method improves the stability and reliability of the ICT high voltage power supply and greatly reduces the design time.
Can Jiang; Jun Yang; Mingwu Fan. Application of Particle Swarm Optimization in the Design of an ICT High-Voltage Power Supply with Dummy Primary Winding. Electronics 2021, 10, 1866 .
AMA StyleCan Jiang, Jun Yang, Mingwu Fan. Application of Particle Swarm Optimization in the Design of an ICT High-Voltage Power Supply with Dummy Primary Winding. Electronics. 2021; 10 (15):1866.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCan Jiang; Jun Yang; Mingwu Fan. 2021. "Application of Particle Swarm Optimization in the Design of an ICT High-Voltage Power Supply with Dummy Primary Winding." Electronics 10, no. 15: 1866.
Reliable bunch length measurement for electron beams is critical for the successful development of high-brightness beam injectors. Compared with commonly used schemes involving complicated techniques and dedicated devices, RF-phasing techniques have advantages in low-energy injectors owing to their convenience and low cost. Although previous direct calculation formulas originating from RF-phasing techniques are feasible and efficient in low-energy injectors, non-negligible errors are inevitable in practical operations, which limits application. By recalling the analytical derivation procedure and reconsidering the approximate conditions, compensation methods were explored through theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. Virtual measurements using beam dynamics calculations were used to evaluate reliability, and experimental validations were conducted at the HUST (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) injector to verify the compensation. Both of these efforts demonstrate that the improvements in the RF-phasing-based diagnostics for bunch length are feasible and reliable in typical low-energy injectors in common operating conditions. With compensation, these diagnostic methods are a promising alternative to conventional methods. For beam injectors, there may be a tradeoff among a compact layout, low cost, and complete characterization functions.
T.N. Hu; B.Q. Zeng; G.Y. Feng; Y.J. Pei; J.Y. Li; J. Yang. Compensation and improvement for bunch length diagnostics based on RF-phasing techniques. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 2021, 1011, 165583 .
AMA StyleT.N. Hu, B.Q. Zeng, G.Y. Feng, Y.J. Pei, J.Y. Li, J. Yang. Compensation and improvement for bunch length diagnostics based on RF-phasing techniques. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 2021; 1011 ():165583.
Chicago/Turabian StyleT.N. Hu; B.Q. Zeng; G.Y. Feng; Y.J. Pei; J.Y. Li; J. Yang. 2021. "Compensation and improvement for bunch length diagnostics based on RF-phasing techniques." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 1011, no. : 165583.
The proton beam generates a unique acoustic signal, which can be used for range verification. It is a crucial issue to use the acoustic signal for accurate positioning. The propagation of sound waves emitted by a proton pulse(20 MeV, 1 × 107protons) is simulated, and acoustic signals are recorded. The distance between sensors and Bragg Peak is calculated by the time of arrival and speed of sound. An improved centroid localization algorithm based on trilateration is presented to locate the Bragg Peak with the distance. After evaluating the verification accuracy of different methods, the results show that this algorithm significantly improves the verification accuracy.
Jiaquan Ye; Jun Yang; Kun Tang; Nie Lanxin. An improved centroid localization algorithm based on acoustic for proton range verification. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021, 657, 012079 .
AMA StyleJiaquan Ye, Jun Yang, Kun Tang, Nie Lanxin. An improved centroid localization algorithm based on acoustic for proton range verification. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 657 (1):012079.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiaquan Ye; Jun Yang; Kun Tang; Nie Lanxin. 2021. "An improved centroid localization algorithm based on acoustic for proton range verification." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 657, no. 1: 012079.
Canted-Cosine-Theta (CCT) magnets exhibit superior field qual-ity and structural compactness in superconducting magnet schemes. When combined with an alternating gradient (AG) field, CCT magnets can be applied to proton therapy gantries to achieve a significantly increased momentum acceptance. This paper introduces design considerations for a 67.5 degree AG-CCT magnet for a proton therapy gantry, including the design and optimization of a magnetic field combined with an AG func-tion. The calculation of the magnetic field used to simulate the CCT coil with multiple lines based on the Biot-Savart law is dis-cussed in detail. Technical issues covering the choice of super-conducting coils and layering scheme are also discussed.
Heming Chen; Jun Yang; Bin Qin; Wenjie Han; Xu Liu. Magnetic Design of an Alternating Gradient Canted-Cosine-Theta Superconducting Magnet for Proton Therapy. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2020, 30, 1 -4.
AMA StyleHeming Chen, Jun Yang, Bin Qin, Wenjie Han, Xu Liu. Magnetic Design of an Alternating Gradient Canted-Cosine-Theta Superconducting Magnet for Proton Therapy. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2020; 30 (4):1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHeming Chen; Jun Yang; Bin Qin; Wenjie Han; Xu Liu. 2020. "Magnetic Design of an Alternating Gradient Canted-Cosine-Theta Superconducting Magnet for Proton Therapy." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 30, no. 4: 1-4.
Insulated core transformer (ICT) electron accelera-tor offers many advantages including high efficiency of energy conversion, high-power output, low cost, and high reliability. It is a superior type of E-beam systems for the radiation processing in the low energy region ($\leq 6.5%$ from no-load to full-load when the output high voltage is 800kV. This design effectively improves the uniformity of the elec-trical field distribution, increases the utilization of the rectifier components and reduces the size of the power supply.
Can Jiang; Jun Yang; Kun Tang; Tao Liu; Cheng Xi; Jiaquan Ye; Tiaoqin Yu; Mingwu Fan. A Hybrid Compensation Method for ICT High Voltage Power Supply. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2020, 30, 1 -5.
AMA StyleCan Jiang, Jun Yang, Kun Tang, Tao Liu, Cheng Xi, Jiaquan Ye, Tiaoqin Yu, Mingwu Fan. A Hybrid Compensation Method for ICT High Voltage Power Supply. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2020; 30 (4):1-5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCan Jiang; Jun Yang; Kun Tang; Tao Liu; Cheng Xi; Jiaquan Ye; Tiaoqin Yu; Mingwu Fan. 2020. "A Hybrid Compensation Method for ICT High Voltage Power Supply." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 30, no. 4: 1-5.
A proton therapy facility with two 360° gantry treatment rooms and one fixed beamline is under development at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), which is based on an isochronous superconducting cyclotron. The energy is modulated in the range of 70-240 MeV with an energy selection system. In this paper, we report the main design specifications of the beamline in the HUST-PTF project, in which the main features are the intensity suppression scheme beamline. Two prototype magnets (one quadrupole and one dipole) used in the beamline are also studied and presented. Two-dimensional contour optimization and pole-end chamfer iteration are used to minimize the harmonic errors of the integral field. Finally, both the field homogeneity and multipole errors achieve the precision requirement over the operating field range.
Wei Chen; Bin Qin; Xiaoyu Fang; Qushan Chen; Jun Yang; Kaifeng Liu. Design of Prototype Magnets for HUST Proton Therapy Beamline. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 2017, 28, 1 -4.
AMA StyleWei Chen, Bin Qin, Xiaoyu Fang, Qushan Chen, Jun Yang, Kaifeng Liu. Design of Prototype Magnets for HUST Proton Therapy Beamline. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2017; 28 (3):1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWei Chen; Bin Qin; Xiaoyu Fang; Qushan Chen; Jun Yang; Kaifeng Liu. 2017. "Design of Prototype Magnets for HUST Proton Therapy Beamline." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 28, no. 3: 1-4.