Chinese firms urgently need to use open innovation models to access external knowledge, resources, and skills to improve their internal innovation performance and achieve innovation catch-up. Using a dataset of joint patent applications of Chinese-listed manufacturing firms from 2006–2018, we construct a panel fixed-effects model to empirically test the effect of dynamic capabilities on firms’ open innovation. The results show that dynamic capabilities can effectively promote firms’ open innovation activities. In addition, the different dimensions of dynamic capabilities, namely sense capabilities, absorptive capabilities, complementary capabilities, and coordinative capabilities, also have significant incentive effects on firms’ open innovation. The results of the extended analysis show that dynamic capabilities have heterogeneous effects on the open innovation activities of different types of firms. Specifically, the impact of dynamic capabilities on open innovation is stronger for private firms, large and medium-sized firms, and multinational firms. The findings of this paper can provide important theoretical support and management insights for governments and enterprises to effectively manage the “paradox of openness” problem, thereby enhancing the firm’s innovation capability and achieving major bottleneck breakthroughs in key and core technologies.

Many countries use R&D tax credits to promote firm innovation. Using the data of A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2019, we use a fixed effects model to examine the heterogeneity effect of the R&D tax credit in China on radical and incremental innovation based on the perspective of firm property rights, scale, and age under the framework of heterogeneity. The results show that the R&D tax credit significantly stimulates radical and incremental innovation, but the incentive effect on radical innovation is weak. Further heterogeneity analysis shows that the incentive effects of enterprises with different complementary resources and innovation capabilities are different. Specifically, we find that the R&D tax credit has a stronger impact on incremental innovation of state-owned enterprises and radical innovation of non-state-owned enterprises. Compared with small firms and start-ups, it has a stronger incentive effect on the radical and incremental innovation of large-, medium-sized, and incumbent firms. Finally, the results are consistent and robust using the Heckman two-step method, core indicator substitution method, and change lag period. This paper deepens the theoretical research on the heterogeneity effect of tax incentives on firm innovation, while also providing insights on how to design R&D tax credits to raise radical innovation for emerging economies.

Innovation is crucial for firms’ sustainable development. However, the original motivation of innovation in China is insufficient and the key technology is controlled by other countries. Outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) is an important strategic choice in emerging economies to seek overseas advantageous technical knowledge and to participate in global competition. With the further development of China’s “go global” strategy, OFDI flows have risen considerably. Whether OFDI can promote firms’ innovation levels and whether OFDI entry modes (greenfield investment and cross-border M&A) have the same impact are still major issues to be solved. Therefore, we constructed a mathematical model and adopted the propensity score matching double difference method to analyze the impact and mechanism of OFDI on firms’ innovation. The results show that OFDI has a significant effect on innovation quantity, quality, and efficiency, and it has not led to innovative strategic behavior. Further research shows that cross-border M&A has a stronger effect on innovation quality than greenfield investment, and both have a sustainable innovation effect. Over time, the gap between the impact of greenfield investment and cross-border M&A on innovation quality has gradually narrowed. From the perspective of mechanism, the two entry modes of OFDI are beneficial to firms’ access to government resources and to promote innovation quality, while government resources have a stronger mediating effect on cross-border M&A firms. This paper deepens the research on the influence mechanism of OFDI entry modes on firms’ innovation levels, while also providing theoretical and practical support for the selection of OFDI modes and innovation strategies for firms.

Land expropriation policy is related to social stability and sustainable development, and its implementation will have an impact on the relative poverty of residents. Based on the data of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2010 to 2022, this paper constructs a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model to evaluate the impact of land expropriation policy on family relative poverty. It is found that the land expropriation policy can significantly alleviate the relative poverty of families, and PSM-DID and placebo tests also show that the above conclusions are still valid. Further analysis shows that the poverty reduction effect of land expropriation policy exists in gender, family dependency ratio, land value, and urban–rural heterogeneity. The mechanism analysis shows that the land expropriation policy can reduce poverty mainly by increasing the proportion of non-agricultural income, promoting labor migration, and improving social and economic status. The conclusion of this paper provides relevant theoretical support and policy enlightenment for implementing land expropriation policy and fully realizing the goal of rural revitalization.