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South America presents the greatest Psittacidae diversity in the world, but also has the highest numbers of threatened parrot species. Recently, exotic viruses have been detected in captive native psittacine birds in Brazil, however, their impacts on the health of wild parrots are still unknown. We evaluated the presence of Chlamydia psittaci, Psittacid alphaherpesvirus 1 (PsHV-1), avipoxvirus and beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) in wild Amazona aestiva, A. brasiliensis and A. pretrei nestlings and in wild caught A. aestiva nestlings seized from illegal trade. Samples were collected from 205 wild nestlings and 90 nestlings from illegal trade and pathogen-specific PCR was performed for each sample. Chlamydia DNA prevalence was 4.7% in A. aestiva and 2.5% in A. brasiliensis sampled from the wild. Sequencing revealed that the C. psittaci sample belonged to the genotype A. PsHV-1, avipoxvirus and BFDV DNA was not detected. These results have conservation implications since they suggest that wild parrot populations have a low prevalence of the selected pathogens and, apparently, they were not reached by the exotic BFDV. Stricter health protocols should be established as condition to reintroduction of birds to the wild to guarantee the protection of Neotropical parrots.
Frederico Vaz; Elenise Sipinski; Gláucia Seixas; Nêmora Prestes; Jaime Martinez; Tânia Raso. Molecular Survey of Pathogens in Wild Amazon Parrot Nestlings: Implications for Conservation. Diversity 2021, 13, 272 .
AMA StyleFrederico Vaz, Elenise Sipinski, Gláucia Seixas, Nêmora Prestes, Jaime Martinez, Tânia Raso. Molecular Survey of Pathogens in Wild Amazon Parrot Nestlings: Implications for Conservation. Diversity. 2021; 13 (6):272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrederico Vaz; Elenise Sipinski; Gláucia Seixas; Nêmora Prestes; Jaime Martinez; Tânia Raso. 2021. "Molecular Survey of Pathogens in Wild Amazon Parrot Nestlings: Implications for Conservation." Diversity 13, no. 6: 272.
Brazil has the highest number of birds of prey in the world, which are important environmental quality indicators. Nevertheless, few studies of the clinical pathology of raptors have been developed in this country. The objectives of this study were to create a database of owl hematology in Brazil and to compare the values between sex in Asio clamator, Megascops spp. and Tyto furcata. Blood samples were collected from 81 captive owls of 10 species located in Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná and São Paulo states, Brazil. Hemogram and Total Plasma Protein (TPP) values were determined. Reference intervals (RIs) and descriptive statistic values were established using an Excel program with Reference Value Advisor. The reference intervals were the following: A. clamator: RBC (×106/?L) 1.0-2.5; PCV (%) 30.2-50.1; Hb (g dL-1) 6.7-15.3; MCV (fL) 123.8-355.2; MCHC (%) 17.1-38.6; WBC (× 103/?L) 1.2-23.6; Heterophils (× 103/?L) 0.6-16.6; Lymphocytes (× 103/?L) 0.6-10.2; Eosinophils (× 103/?L) 0.0-1.9; Basophils (× 103/?L) 0.0-1.0; Thrombocytes (× 103/?L) 10.8-56.6; H/L 0.0-10.8. Megascops spp.: RBC (× 106/?L) 0.8-2.3; PCV (%) 29.7-44.6; Hb (g dL-1) 6.4-12.4; MCV (fL) 131.6-374.4; MCHC (%) 12.1-34; WBC (× 103/?L) 0.7-23.1; Heterophils (× 103/?L) 1.1-10.3; Lymphocytes (× 103/?L) 0.0-11.5; Eosinophils (× 103/?L) 0.0-2.2; Basophils (× 103/?L) 0.0-0.7; Thrombocytes (× 103/?L) 10.3-43.6; H/L 0.5-7.3; TPP (g dL-1) 2.9-5.1. The parameters for Tyto furcata were presented with descriptive statistics values. Individual data were provided for the others Strigiformes species sampled. This study provides a wide database of hematological and TPP references for Megascops spp., A. clamator and T. furcata and hematological values for Athene cunicularia, Bubo virginianus, Pulsatrix perspicillata, Asio stygius, Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana, Strix virgata and Asio flammeus in Brazil.
Miúriel De Aquino Goulart; Frederico Fontanelli Vaz; Marília De Oliveira Koch; Carlos Czpak Kroetz; Rosangela Locatelli Dittrich. Hematological parameters and total plasma protein values of captive strigiformes occurring in Brazil. Semina: Ciências Agrárias 2020, 41, 2129 -2142.
AMA StyleMiúriel De Aquino Goulart, Frederico Fontanelli Vaz, Marília De Oliveira Koch, Carlos Czpak Kroetz, Rosangela Locatelli Dittrich. Hematological parameters and total plasma protein values of captive strigiformes occurring in Brazil. Semina: Ciências Agrárias. 2020; 41 ():2129-2142.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiúriel De Aquino Goulart; Frederico Fontanelli Vaz; Marília De Oliveira Koch; Carlos Czpak Kroetz; Rosangela Locatelli Dittrich. 2020. "Hematological parameters and total plasma protein values of captive strigiformes occurring in Brazil." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 41, no. : 2129-2142.
Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona are obligate intracellular parasites within the phylum Apicomplexa. The red-tailed Amazon parrot (Amazona brasiliensis) is a near-threatened species of psittacine that is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil and has been designated as a bioindicator because of its sensitivity to environmental qualitative status and changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of antibodies against T. gondii, N. caninum and S. neurona in wild red-tailed Amazon parrot nestlings on Rasa Island, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 51 parrots and plasma samples were stored at – 20 °C until immunofluorescence antibody tests (IFAT) were performed. Antigen slides were prepared using tachyzoites of T. gondii (RH strain) and, N. caninum (NC-1 strain) and using merozoites of S. neurona (SNR37 strain). Plasma samples were tested at initial dilutions of 1:16 for T. gondii, 1:50 for N. caninum and 1:5 for S. neurona. An anti-chicken antibody conjugated with FITC was used as a secondary antibody at 1:50 dilution. No antibodies for any of these three protozoa were found, thus suggesting that these wild red-tailed Amazon parrot nestlings had not been exposed to these parasites.
Ana Paula Sato; Frederico Vaz; Aline Luiza Konell; Marilia De Oliveira Koch; Rafaela Furioso Ferreira; Elenise Angelotti Bastos Sipinski; Rosangela Locatelli Dittrich. Survey of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona antibodies in wild red-tailed Amazon parrots (Amazona brasiliensis). Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 2020, 29, e017519 .
AMA StyleAna Paula Sato, Frederico Vaz, Aline Luiza Konell, Marilia De Oliveira Koch, Rafaela Furioso Ferreira, Elenise Angelotti Bastos Sipinski, Rosangela Locatelli Dittrich. Survey of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona antibodies in wild red-tailed Amazon parrots (Amazona brasiliensis). Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária. 2020; 29 (1):e017519.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Paula Sato; Frederico Vaz; Aline Luiza Konell; Marilia De Oliveira Koch; Rafaela Furioso Ferreira; Elenise Angelotti Bastos Sipinski; Rosangela Locatelli Dittrich. 2020. "Survey of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Sarcocystis neurona antibodies in wild red-tailed Amazon parrots (Amazona brasiliensis)." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 29, no. 1: e017519.
Little is known about the diversity of adenoviruses in wild birds and how they have evolved and are maintained in complex ecosystems. In this study, 409 samples were collected from woodland birds caught for banding (droppings), birds submitted to a wildlife hospital (droppings and tissues), silver gulls (droppings or tissues), and feral pigeons (Columbia livia; oral, cloacal swabs, or tissues) from the Greater Sydney area in NSW, Australia. Additional samples were from native pigeons and doves (swabs) presented to the Healesville Sanctuary, VIC, Australia. Samples were screened for adenovirus DNA using degenerate primers and polymerase chain reaction. Adenovirus sequences were detected in eighty-three samples representing thirty-five novel amino acid sequences. Fourteen novel sequences were atadenoviruses, seven were aviadenoviruses, twelve were siadenoviruses, and one was a mastadenovirus. Sequences from passerine birds were predominately found to form a single lineage within the atadenoviruses, a second lineage in the siadenoviruses, and a third smaller aviadenovirus lineage. These viruses appeared to have co-evolved with a diverse group of woodland birds that share similar habitat. Evidence for host/virus co-evolution in some viruses and a wide host range in others was observed. A high prevalence of adenovirus infection was found in rainbow lorikeets (Trichoglossus haematodus), galahs (Eolophus roseicapilla), and sulphur-crested cockatoos (Cacatua galerita). Sequences were either identical to or mapped to already established lineages in the Aviadenovirus, Siadenovirus, and Atadenovirus genera, suggesting a possible origin of the psittacine adenoviruses in ancestral Australian psittacine birds. The sequences of passerine and psittacine origin provided insight into diversity and structure of the Atadenovirus genus and demonstrated for the first-time viruses of passerine origin in the Aviadenovirus genus. Four unrelated adenovirus sequences were found in silver gull samples (Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae), including one of pigeon origin, suggesting environmental virus exposure. Three pigeon adenovirus types were detected in feral pigeons and infection prevalence was high. Evidence for host switching between invasive species and native species and native species and invasive species was documented. A variant of a murine adenovirus was detected in kidney tissue from two bird species suggesting mouse to bird transmission.
Frederico F Vaz; Tânia Freitas Raso; Jessica E Agius; Tony Hunt; Alan Leishman; John-Sebastian Eden; David N Phalen. Opportunistic sampling of wild native and invasive birds reveals a rich diversity of adenoviruses in Australia. Virus Evolution 2020, 6, 1 .
AMA StyleFrederico F Vaz, Tânia Freitas Raso, Jessica E Agius, Tony Hunt, Alan Leishman, John-Sebastian Eden, David N Phalen. Opportunistic sampling of wild native and invasive birds reveals a rich diversity of adenoviruses in Australia. Virus Evolution. 2020; 6 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrederico F Vaz; Tânia Freitas Raso; Jessica E Agius; Tony Hunt; Alan Leishman; John-Sebastian Eden; David N Phalen. 2020. "Opportunistic sampling of wild native and invasive birds reveals a rich diversity of adenoviruses in Australia." Virus Evolution 6, no. 1: 1.
The occurrence and distribution of antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii was investigated in horses, dogs and cats from Curitiba, Paraná state, Brazil. Serum samples were selected from 100 horses, 100 dogs and 100 cats from the routine of the Veterinary Clinical Pathology Laboratory in the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Paraná (UFPR). The 100 dog samples were divided into two groups: 35 samples from dogs with neurological sign (convulsion) and 65 samples from dogs without neurological signs. The animals were adults of different breeds, males and females. Samples were analyzed by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for protozoa S. neurona, N. caninum andT. gondii at the following cut-off dilutions: horses: 1:50, 1:50 and 1:16; dogs: 1:50, 1:50 and 1:16; cats: 1:50, 1:50 and 1:50, respectively. The obtained results were 42% of horses, 7% of dogs and 5% of cats seropositive for S. neurona; 58% of horses, 68% of dogs and 42% of cats seropositive to N. caninum, and 36% of horses, 20% of dogs and 21% of cats seropositive for T. gondii. Among the dogs with neurological signs, 8.6%, 68.6% and 25.7% were seropositive for S. neurona, N. caninum and T. gondii, respectively. Among the dogs without neurological signs, 6.2% 67.7% and 16.9% were seropositive for S. neurona, N. caninum and T. gondii, respectively. No statistical difference was found between groups of seropositive dogs for the three protozoa with neurological signs and without neurological signs. Co-infection and high antibody titers were detected. The antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii were found widely distributed among horses, dogs and cats in the region of Curitiba, state of Paraná, Brazil.
Marilia De Oliveira Koch; Luciane Maria Laskoski; Daniel Moura De Aguiar; Bianca Ressetti Da Silva; Reinaldo Ramos Régio; Juliana Ikeda Ishikura; Frederico Vaz; Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich. Detection of antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in horses, dogs and cat. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science 2019, 56, e152918 -e152918.
AMA StyleMarilia De Oliveira Koch, Luciane Maria Laskoski, Daniel Moura De Aguiar, Bianca Ressetti Da Silva, Reinaldo Ramos Régio, Juliana Ikeda Ishikura, Frederico Vaz, Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich. Detection of antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in horses, dogs and cat. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science. 2019; 56 (2):e152918-e152918.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarilia De Oliveira Koch; Luciane Maria Laskoski; Daniel Moura De Aguiar; Bianca Ressetti Da Silva; Reinaldo Ramos Régio; Juliana Ikeda Ishikura; Frederico Vaz; Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich. 2019. "Detection of antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in horses, dogs and cat." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science 56, no. 2: e152918-e152918.
A Bourke’s parrot (Neopsephotus bourkii) originating from an aviary in Australia containing two species of parrots, five species of finch and a species of dove was presented for necropsy. The Bourke’s parrot died from gastritis caused by Macrorhabdus ornithogaster, but also had an interstitial nephritis and ureteritis with adenovirus-like inclusion bodies within collecting duct epithelial cells. The adenovirus causing the lesions was shown to be Psittacine Adenovirus-2 (PsAdV-2) using a PCR assay specific for adenoviruses and sequencing of amplicons. A survey of droppings from other birds in the aviary using the same PCR assay with amplicon sequencing found a high prevalence of infection of PsAdV-2 in Bourke and scarlet-chested parrots (Neophema splendida). PsAdV-2 was also present in droppings from a Namaqua dove (Oena capensis). Gouldian finches (Erythrura gouldiae), red-billed firefinches (Lagonosticta senegala), and red-throated parrot finches (Erythrura psittacea) were shedding Gouldian Finch Adenovirus-1 (GFAdV-1). Two novel adenoviruses, an atadenovirus and a siadenovirus were detected in the droppings from long-tailed finches (Poephila acuticauda). Kidney tissue from three of four scarlet-chested parrots submitted for necropsy from a second aviary were also positive for PsAdv-2. These findings and previously reported findings of widespread PsAdv-2 infection in captive orange-belled parrots (Neophemia chrysogaster) raise the possibility that PsAdV-2 is enzootic in Australian aviculture. This represents the first report of GFAdV-1 in Australia and first identification of infection in finch species other than the Gouldian finch. Identification of two novel adenoviruses in long-tailed finches suggests that other novel adenoviruses are circulating in other finch species. Important findings
David N. Phalen; Jessica Agius; Frederico Vaz; John-Sebastian Eden; Laura C. Setyo; Shannon Donahoe. A survey of a mixed species aviary provides new insights into the pathogenicity, diversity, evolution, host range, and distribution of psittacine and passerine adenoviruses. Avian Pathology 2019, 48, 437 -443.
AMA StyleDavid N. Phalen, Jessica Agius, Frederico Vaz, John-Sebastian Eden, Laura C. Setyo, Shannon Donahoe. A survey of a mixed species aviary provides new insights into the pathogenicity, diversity, evolution, host range, and distribution of psittacine and passerine adenoviruses. Avian Pathology. 2019; 48 (5):437-443.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid N. Phalen; Jessica Agius; Frederico Vaz; John-Sebastian Eden; Laura C. Setyo; Shannon Donahoe. 2019. "A survey of a mixed species aviary provides new insights into the pathogenicity, diversity, evolution, host range, and distribution of psittacine and passerine adenoviruses." Avian Pathology 48, no. 5: 437-443.
The black-fronted piping-guan (Aburria jacutinga) is and an endangered cracid species and little is known about its health. Hematology allows researchers to assess the health and physiological status of a population, but, to our knowledge, reference intervals are not available in the literature for A. jacutinga. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the hematological reference intervals of 31 captive black-fronted pipingguan adults in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from brachial vein and stored in heparinized tubes to be processed. The red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts were performed in a hemocytometer, and hemoglobin (HGB) concentration was obtained by the spectrophotometric cyanmethemoglobin method; packed cell volume (PCV) was determined by microhematocrit technique, and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were calculated according to a previously established formula. The heterophil : lymphocyte ratio was calculated by dividing the number of heterophils by the number of lymphocytes. Determination of the 95% reference intervals and 90% confidence intervals were performed in accordance with American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology guidelines using Reference Value Advisor (version 2.0). The results obtained were as follows: RBC, 1.4–2.8 × 106/µl; PCV, 34.3–51.2%; HGB, 8.0–12.6 g/dl; MCV, 157.3–261.4 fl; MCHC, 22.0–26.7 g/dl; WBC, 2.3–33.1 × 103/µl; heterophils, 12.1–16.3%, 0.5–14.4 × 103/µl; lymphocytes, 19.8–69.0%, 1.4–16.4 × 103/µl; monocytes, 0.7–17.3%, 0.1–2.8×103/µl; eosinophils, 0.4–12.8%, 0.0–3.9 × 103/µl; basophils, 0.8–12.0%, 0.0–1.9 × 103/µl; and the heterophil : lymphocyte ratio, 0.2–3.0. The present study fills gaps in the literature on hematological values for A. jacutinga, which can be used to assess the health of the species populations. In addition, it contributed to establishing the health status of captive black-fronted piping-guans, indicating the possible welfare of the birds.
Mióriel De Aquino Goulart; Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich; Frederico Vaz; Rogério Ribas Lange; Marília De Oliveira Koch; Bruno De Queiroz Castilhos. HEMATOLOGICAL REFERENCE INTERVALS OF ENDANGERED CAPTIVE BLACK-FRONTED PIPING-GUANS (ABURRIA JACUTINGA) IN THE STATE OF PARANÁ, BRAZIL. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 2019, 50, 199 -204.
AMA StyleMióriel De Aquino Goulart, Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich, Frederico Vaz, Rogério Ribas Lange, Marília De Oliveira Koch, Bruno De Queiroz Castilhos. HEMATOLOGICAL REFERENCE INTERVALS OF ENDANGERED CAPTIVE BLACK-FRONTED PIPING-GUANS (ABURRIA JACUTINGA) IN THE STATE OF PARANÁ, BRAZIL. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 2019; 50 (1):199-204.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMióriel De Aquino Goulart; Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich; Frederico Vaz; Rogério Ribas Lange; Marília De Oliveira Koch; Bruno De Queiroz Castilhos. 2019. "HEMATOLOGICAL REFERENCE INTERVALS OF ENDANGERED CAPTIVE BLACK-FRONTED PIPING-GUANS (ABURRIA JACUTINGA) IN THE STATE OF PARANÁ, BRAZIL." Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 50, no. 1: 199-204.
The red-tailed Amazon parrot (Amazona brasiliensis) is a threatened species of psittacine bird that inhabit coastal regions of Brazil. In view of the threat of this species, the aim of this study was to perform a health evaluation in wild nestlings in Rasa Island, determining the prevalence of enterobacteria and infectious agents according to type of nest. Blood samples were collected from 64 birds and evaluated for antibodies of Chlamydia psittaci by commercial dot-blot ELISA. Cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs samples were collected from 23 birds from artificial wooden nests, 15 birds from PVC nests and 2 birds from natural nests for microbiological analysis. Swab samples were collected from 58 parrots for C. psittaci detection by PCR and from 50 nestlings for Avian Influenza, Newcastle Disease and West Nile viruses’ detection analysis by real-time RT-PCR. Ten bacterial genera and 17 species were identified, and the most prevalent were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella oxytoca. There was no influence of the type of nest in the nestlings’ microbiota. All samples tested by ELISA and PCR were negative. There is currently insufficient information available about the health of A. brasiliensis and data of this study provide a reference point for future evaluations and aid in conservation plans.
Frederico Fontanelli Vaz; Patrícia Pereira Serafini; Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich; Rafael Meurer; Edison Luiz Durigon; Jansen Araujo; Luciano Matsumiya Thomazelli; Tatiana Ometto; Elenise Angelotti Bastos Sipinski; Rafael Meirelles Sezerban; Maria Cecília Abbud; Tânia Freitas Raso. Survey of pathogens in threatened wild red-tailed Amazon parrot ( Amazona brasiliensis ) nestlings in Rasa Island, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 2017, 48, 747 -753.
AMA StyleFrederico Fontanelli Vaz, Patrícia Pereira Serafini, Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich, Rafael Meurer, Edison Luiz Durigon, Jansen Araujo, Luciano Matsumiya Thomazelli, Tatiana Ometto, Elenise Angelotti Bastos Sipinski, Rafael Meirelles Sezerban, Maria Cecília Abbud, Tânia Freitas Raso. Survey of pathogens in threatened wild red-tailed Amazon parrot ( Amazona brasiliensis ) nestlings in Rasa Island, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 2017; 48 (4):747-753.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrederico Fontanelli Vaz; Patrícia Pereira Serafini; Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich; Rafael Meurer; Edison Luiz Durigon; Jansen Araujo; Luciano Matsumiya Thomazelli; Tatiana Ometto; Elenise Angelotti Bastos Sipinski; Rafael Meirelles Sezerban; Maria Cecília Abbud; Tânia Freitas Raso. 2017. "Survey of pathogens in threatened wild red-tailed Amazon parrot ( Amazona brasiliensis ) nestlings in Rasa Island, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 48, no. 4: 747-753.
The aims of this study was to provide new records of hippoboscid flies collected over an one-year period on newly captured birds from nature in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The birds were received by a wildlife center in Tijucas do Sul and the hippoboscid flies were collect by hand or by tweezers, generating a prevalence of 0.7% (16/2232) of parasitized birds. New information about distribution of hippoboscid flies on Asio clamator, Rupornis magnirostris and Athene cunicularia was reported in the state of Paraná. The Caracara plancus, Falco peregrinus and Penelope obscura are new host species for Ornithoctona erythrocephala in the state of Paraná, and the Asio stygius for Icosta rufiventris and Ornithoica vicina in Brazil. This study provided new information about hosts and distribution of hippoboscid flies in Brazilian birds.
Frederico Fontanelli Vaz; Valéria Natascha Teixeira. New records of three hippoboscid species on newly captured birds from nature in Paraná, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 2016, 25, 501 -503.
AMA StyleFrederico Fontanelli Vaz, Valéria Natascha Teixeira. New records of three hippoboscid species on newly captured birds from nature in Paraná, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária. 2016; 25 (4):501-503.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrederico Fontanelli Vaz; Valéria Natascha Teixeira. 2016. "New records of three hippoboscid species on newly captured birds from nature in Paraná, Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 25, no. 4: 501-503.
BackgroundThe Red-Tailed Amazon parrot (Amazona brasiliensis) is an endangered species of the Psittaciformes. There is little information about hematologic and biochemical variables of this species.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine hematologic and biochemical RIs for free-living A brasiliensis nestlings on Rasa Island, Paraná, Brazil, and to compare the results between sexes.MethodsThirty-seven parrots were taken from their nests and physically restrained for clinical examination and blood collection. The sex was diagnosed by PCR using the blood samples collected. Reference intervals were determined as recommended by the ASVCP guidelines in healthy nestlings. The difference between groups was analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test or Student's t-test.ResultsSexing revealed 12 females and 25 males. The RIs for the measured variables were as follows: RBC 1.1–2.6 × 106/μL, PCV 29.1–50.3%, HGB 7.2–12.9 g/dL, MCV 152–293 fL, MCHC 22.2–28.4 g/dL, WBC 4.9–28.5 × 103/μL, 1.2–16 × 103/μL, lymphocytes 2.4–18.7 × 103/μL, monocytes 0.0–1.0 × 103/μL, eosinophils 0.0–0.9 × 103/μL, 0.0–1.3 × 103/μL, heterophil:lymphocyte ratio 0.0–2.2, plasma total solids 2.1–3.7 g/dL, uric acid 0.5–2.0 mg/dL, glucose 184.9–284.3 mg/dL, AST 100.3–226.6 U/L, LDH 178.1–927.7 U/L, CK 149.8–1144.0 U/L, cholesterol 137.5–256.9 mg/dL, total protein 1.8–3.0 g/dL, calcium 7.0–8.6 mg/dL, and phosphorus 2.9–6.1 mg/dL. Increased concentrations of cholesterol (P < .05) were observed in females.DiscussionThis is the first study to establish hematologic and biochemical RIs for free-living A brasiliensis nestlings on Rasa Island. Hematologic and biochemical variables are important tools for evaluating the health status of free-living birds, and also support conservation planning for endangered species.
Frederico F. Vaz; Olair C. Beltrame; Elenise A. B. Sipinski; Maria C. Abbud; Rafael M. Sezerban; Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich. Hematologic and biochemical reference intervals of free-living Red-Tailed Amazon parrot ( Amazona brasiliensis ) nestlings on Rasa Island, Paraná, Brazil. Veterinary Clinical Pathology 2016, 45, 615 -622.
AMA StyleFrederico F. Vaz, Olair C. Beltrame, Elenise A. B. Sipinski, Maria C. Abbud, Rafael M. Sezerban, Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich. Hematologic and biochemical reference intervals of free-living Red-Tailed Amazon parrot ( Amazona brasiliensis ) nestlings on Rasa Island, Paraná, Brazil. Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 2016; 45 (4):615-622.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrederico F. Vaz; Olair C. Beltrame; Elenise A. B. Sipinski; Maria C. Abbud; Rafael M. Sezerban; Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich. 2016. "Hematologic and biochemical reference intervals of free-living Red-Tailed Amazon parrot ( Amazona brasiliensis ) nestlings on Rasa Island, Paraná, Brazil." Veterinary Clinical Pathology 45, no. 4: 615-622.
BackgroundBlack-Fronted Piping-Guan (Aburria jacutinga) is considered one of the most threatened bird species on the American continent. Ex situ conservation efforts have been developed in Brazil, and monitoring the health status of these populations is essential to ensure reproductive success in captivity. Reference intervals (RI) for biochemistry analytes from a larger population of Black-Fronted Piping-Guan are unavailable.ObjectivesThis study was aimed at establishing RI for biochemical analytes of captive Black-Fronted Piping-Guan for future improved health assessments in these animals.MethodsBlood samples were collected from 32 adult Black-Fronted Piping-Guans for serum and plasma separation. Liver and kidney function markers, and concentration of protein and lipids were measured. Reference intervals were determined using an Excel program with Reference Value Adviser (version 2.0).ResultsThe RI of the analytes were: AST 20.7–188.0 U/L; CK 713.7–4741.4 U/L; LDH 360.7–1173.7 U/L; γ Glutamyl Transferase 1.1–5.4 U/L; total plasma protein 3.5–6.2 g/dL; total serum protein 1.7–4.7 g/dL; uric acid 0.9–19.2 mg/dL; urea 7.0–25.3 mg/dL; cholesterol 71.8–232.2 mg/dL; triglycerides 25.6–183.4 mg/dL.ConclusionsThe RI are similar to the ones published for other avian species. Only CK and uric acid values were in discordance with the usually reported avian ranges. This could be due to different methods of capture and physical restraint. Alternatively, some differences could be species-specific. In general, physical restraint should be limited to a minimum and without stress to prevent capture myopathy and death.
Frederico F. Vaz; Rosangela Locatelli‐Dittrich; Rogério R. Lange; Olair C. Beltrame; Andreise C. Przydzimirski; Marília De O. Koch; Bruno De Q. Castilhos. Reference intervals for biochemical analytes of captive Black-Fronted Piping-Guan ( Aburria jacutinga ). Veterinary Clinical Pathology 2016, 45, 347 -351.
AMA StyleFrederico F. Vaz, Rosangela Locatelli‐Dittrich, Rogério R. Lange, Olair C. Beltrame, Andreise C. Przydzimirski, Marília De O. Koch, Bruno De Q. Castilhos. Reference intervals for biochemical analytes of captive Black-Fronted Piping-Guan ( Aburria jacutinga ). Veterinary Clinical Pathology. 2016; 45 (2):347-351.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrederico F. Vaz; Rosangela Locatelli‐Dittrich; Rogério R. Lange; Olair C. Beltrame; Andreise C. Przydzimirski; Marília De O. Koch; Bruno De Q. Castilhos. 2016. "Reference intervals for biochemical analytes of captive Black-Fronted Piping-Guan ( Aburria jacutinga )." Veterinary Clinical Pathology 45, no. 2: 347-351.
The red-tailed Amazon parrot (Amazona brasiliensis) is an endangered psittacid species that is endemic in the south and southeast Brazilian Atlantic coastal region. Hematologic evaluation is important to monitor the health of these birds, and information about laboratory values for this species is scarce. Hematologic and total plasma protein profiles were determined for 33 free-living nestling parrots in Paraná state, Brazil. Parrots were temporarily removed from the nest and manually restrained to record body weight and collect blood samples. Mean body weight was 400 g in 20 birds (group 2). Significantly higher levels of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations, white blood cell counts, monocytes, and basophils were observed in younger birds (group 1). A stress leukogram (high white blood cell and heterophil count) was found in all nestlings, suggesting stress induced by capture and restraint. Parameters obtained in this study will be essential to assess the physiologic and pathologic condition of wild parrots, to evaluate the effects of environmental changes on their health, and to contribute to conservation efforts of this endangered species.
Frederico F. Vaz; Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich; Elenise A. B. Sipinski; Maria C. Abbud; Rafael M. Sezerban; Elizabeth Schmidt; Jaqueline Dittrich; Maria L. Cavalheiro. Hematologic and Total Plasma Protein Values in Free-Living Red-tailed Amazon Parrot Nestlings (Amazona brasiliensis) in Paraná State, Brazil. Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 2015, 29, 187 -191.
AMA StyleFrederico F. Vaz, Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich, Elenise A. B. Sipinski, Maria C. Abbud, Rafael M. Sezerban, Elizabeth Schmidt, Jaqueline Dittrich, Maria L. Cavalheiro. Hematologic and Total Plasma Protein Values in Free-Living Red-tailed Amazon Parrot Nestlings (Amazona brasiliensis) in Paraná State, Brazil. Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery. 2015; 29 (3):187-191.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrederico F. Vaz; Rosangela Locatelli-Dittrich; Elenise A. B. Sipinski; Maria C. Abbud; Rafael M. Sezerban; Elizabeth Schmidt; Jaqueline Dittrich; Maria L. Cavalheiro. 2015. "Hematologic and Total Plasma Protein Values in Free-Living Red-tailed Amazon Parrot Nestlings (Amazona brasiliensis) in Paraná State, Brazil." Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery 29, no. 3: 187-191.